[red-knot] Enforce specifying paths for mdtest code blocks in a separate preceding line (#15890)

## Summary

Resolves #15695, rework of #15704.

This change modifies the Mdtests framework so that:

* Paths must now be specified in a separate preceding line:

	`````markdown
	`a.py`:

	```py
	x = 1
	```
	`````

If the path of a file conflicts with its `lang`, an error will be
thrown.

* Configs are no longer accepted. The pattern still take them into
account, however, to avoid "Unterminated code block" errors.
* Unnamed files are now assigned unique, `lang`-respecting paths
automatically.

Additionally, all legacy usages have been updated.

## Test Plan

Unit tests and Markdown tests.

---------

Co-authored-by: Carl Meyer <carl@astral.sh>

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/basic.md

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ E = D
 reveal_type(E)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -22,7 +24,9 @@ D = b.C
 reveal_type(D)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -34,10 +38,14 @@ import a.b
 reveal_type(a.b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -49,13 +57,19 @@ import a.b.c
 reveal_type(a.b.c.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b/__init__.py
+`a/b/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b/c.py
+`a/b/c.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -67,10 +81,14 @@ import a.b as b
 reveal_type(b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -82,13 +100,19 @@ import a.b.c as c
 reveal_type(c.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b/__init__.py
+`a/b/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b/c.py
+`a/b/c.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -102,5 +126,7 @@ import a.foo  # error: [unresolved-import] "Cannot resolve import `a.foo`"
 import b.foo  # error: [unresolved-import] "Cannot resolve import `b.foo`"
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/builtins.md

@@ -29,13 +29,17 @@ builtins from the "actual" vendored typeshed:
 typeshed = "/typeshed"
 ```
 
-```pyi path=/typeshed/stdlib/builtins.pyi
+`/typeshed/stdlib/builtins.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 class Custom: ...
 
 custom_builtin: Custom
 ```
 
-```pyi path=/typeshed/stdlib/typing_extensions.pyi
+`/typeshed/stdlib/typing_extensions.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 def reveal_type(obj, /): ...
 ```
 
@@ -56,12 +60,16 @@ that point:
 typeshed = "/typeshed"
 ```
 
-```pyi path=/typeshed/stdlib/builtins.pyi
+`/typeshed/stdlib/builtins.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 foo = bar
 bar = 1
 ```
 
-```pyi path=/typeshed/stdlib/typing_extensions.pyi
+`/typeshed/stdlib/typing_extensions.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 def reveal_type(obj, /): ...
 ```
 

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/conditional.md

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 ## Maybe unbound
 
-```py path=maybe_unbound.py
+`maybe_unbound.py`:
+
+```py
 def coinflip() -> bool:
     return True
 
@@ -29,7 +31,9 @@ reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Unknown | Literal[3]
 
 ## Maybe unbound annotated
 
-```py path=maybe_unbound_annotated.py
+`maybe_unbound_annotated.py`:
+
+```py
 def coinflip() -> bool:
     return True
 
@@ -60,7 +64,9 @@ reveal_type(y)  # revealed: int
 
 Importing a possibly undeclared name still gives us its declared type:
 
-```py path=maybe_undeclared.py
+`maybe_undeclared.py`:
+
+```py
 def coinflip() -> bool:
     return True
 
@@ -76,11 +82,15 @@ reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
 
 ## Reimport
 
-```py path=c.py
+`c.py`:
+
+```py
 def f(): ...
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 def coinflip() -> bool:
     return True
 
@@ -102,11 +112,15 @@ reveal_type(f)  # revealed: Literal[f, f]
 When we have a declared type in one path and only an inferred-from-definition type in the other, we
 should still be able to unify those:
 
-```py path=c.pyi
+`c.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 x: int
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 def coinflip() -> bool:
     return True
 

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/conflicts.md

@@ -8,11 +8,15 @@ import a.b
 reveal_type(a.b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 b: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
 ## Via from/import
@@ -23,11 +27,15 @@ from a import b
 reveal_type(b)  # revealed: int
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 b: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
 ## Via both
@@ -40,11 +48,15 @@ reveal_type(b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 reveal_type(a.b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 b: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
 ## Via both (backwards)
@@ -65,11 +77,15 @@ reveal_type(b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 reveal_type(a.b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 b: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
 [from-import]: https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-import-statement

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/errors.md

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ reveal_type(baz)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Unresolved import from resolved module
 
-```py path=a.py
+`a.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
 ```py
@@ -29,7 +31,9 @@ reveal_type(thing)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Resolved import of symbol from unresolved import
 
-```py path=a.py
+`a.py`:
+
+```py
 import foo as foo  # error: "Cannot resolve import `foo`"
 
 reveal_type(foo)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -46,7 +50,9 @@ reveal_type(foo)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## No implicit shadowing
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 x: int
 ```
 
@@ -58,7 +64,9 @@ x = "foo"  # error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]"
 
 ## Import cycle
 
-```py path=a.py
+`a.py`:
+
+```py
 class A: ...
 
 reveal_type(A.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[A], Literal[object]]
@@ -69,7 +77,9 @@ class C(b.B): ...
 reveal_type(C.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[C], Literal[B], Literal[A], Literal[object]]
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 from a import A
 
 class B(A): ...

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/invalid_syntax.md

@@ -23,9 +23,13 @@ reveal_type(b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 reveal_type(b.c)  # revealed: int
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 c: int = 1
 ```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/relative.md

@@ -2,10 +2,14 @@
 
 ## Non-existent
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo import X  # error: [unresolved-import]
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -13,14 +17,20 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Simple
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo import X
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
@@ -28,14 +38,20 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
 
 ## Dotted
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo/bar/baz.py
+`package/foo/bar/baz.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo.bar.baz import X
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
@@ -43,11 +59,15 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
 
 ## Bare to package
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import X
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
@@ -55,7 +75,9 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
 
 ## Non-existent + bare to package
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import X  # error: [unresolved-import]
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -63,19 +85,25 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Dunder init
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo import X
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
 ## Non-existent + dunder init
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo import X  # error: [unresolved-import]
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -83,14 +111,20 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Long relative import
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/subpackage/subsubpackage/bar.py
+`package/subpackage/subsubpackage/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from ...foo import X
 
 reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
@@ -98,14 +132,20 @@ reveal_type(X)  # revealed: int
 
 ## Unbound symbol
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 x  # error: [unresolved-reference]
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from .foo import x  # error: [unresolved-import]
 
 reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -113,14 +153,20 @@ reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
 
 ## Bare to module
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import foo
 
 reveal_type(foo.X)  # revealed: int
@@ -131,10 +177,14 @@ reveal_type(foo.X)  # revealed: int
 This test verifies that we emit an error when we try to import a symbol that is neither a submodule
 nor an attribute of `package`.
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import foo  # error: [unresolved-import]
 
 reveal_type(foo)  # revealed: Unknown
@@ -148,14 +198,20 @@ submodule when that submodule name appears in the `imported_modules` set. That m
 that are imported via `from...import` are not visible to our type inference if you also access that
 submodule via the attribute on its parent package.
 
-```py path=package/__init__.py
+`package/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=package/foo.py
+`package/foo.py`:
+
+```py
 X: int = 42
 ```
 
-```py path=package/bar.py
+`package/bar.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import foo
 import package
 

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/stubs.md

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ y = x
 reveal_type(y)  # revealed: int
 ```
 
-```py path=b.pyi
+`b.pyi`:
+
+```pyi
 x: int
 ```
 
@@ -22,6 +24,8 @@ y = x
 reveal_type(y)  # revealed: int
 ```
 
-```py path=b.py
+`b.py`:
+
+```py
 x: int = 1
 ```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/tracking.md

@@ -32,10 +32,14 @@ reveal_type(a.b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 import a.b
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
@@ -55,14 +59,20 @@ reveal_type(a.b)  # revealed: <module 'a.b'>
 reveal_type(a.b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
 ```
 
-```py path=a/__init__.py
+`a/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=a/b.py
+`a/b.py`:
+
+```py
 class C: ...
 ```
 
-```py path=q.py
+`q.py`:
+
+```py
 import a as a
 import a.b as b
 ```
@@ -83,18 +93,26 @@ reveal_type(sub.b)  # revealed: <module 'sub.b'>
 reveal_type(attr.b)  # revealed: <module 'attr.b'>
 ```
 
-```py path=sub/__init__.py
+`sub/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 b = 1
 ```
 
-```py path=sub/b.py
+`sub/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```
 
-```py path=attr/__init__.py
+`attr/__init__.py`:
+
+```py
 from . import b as _
 
 b = 1
 ```
 
-```py path=attr/b.py
+`attr/b.py`:
+
+```py
 ```