[ty] fix infinite recursion bug in is_disjoint_from (#18043)

## Summary

I found this bug while working on #18041. The following code leads to
infinite recursion.

```python
from ty_extensions import is_disjoint_from, static_assert, TypeOf

class C:
    @property
    def prop(self) -> int:
        return 1

static_assert(not is_disjoint_from(int, TypeOf[C.prop]))
```

The cause is a trivial missing binding in `is_disjoint_from`. This PR
fixes the bug and adds a test case (this is a simple fix and may not
require a new test case?).

## Test Plan

A new test case is added to
`mdtest/type_properties/is_disjoint_from.md`.

crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/type_properties/is_disjoint_from.md

@@ -375,6 +375,29 @@ class UsesMeta2(metaclass=Meta2): ...
 static_assert(is_disjoint_from(type[UsesMeta1], type[UsesMeta2]))
 ```
 
+### `property`
+
+```py
+from ty_extensions import is_disjoint_from, static_assert, TypeOf
+from typing import final
+
+class C:
+    @property
+    def prop(self) -> int:
+        return 1
+
+reveal_type(C.prop)  # revealed: property
+
+@final
+class D:
+    pass
+
+static_assert(not is_disjoint_from(int, TypeOf[C.prop]))
+static_assert(not is_disjoint_from(TypeOf[C.prop], int))
+static_assert(is_disjoint_from(TypeOf[C.prop], D))
+static_assert(is_disjoint_from(D, TypeOf[C.prop]))
+```
+
 ## Callables
 
 No two callable types are disjoint because there exists a non-empty callable type