Inline NodeKey construction and avoid AnyNodeRef

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 			"extensions": [
 				"ms-python.python",
 				"rust-lang.rust-analyzer",
-				"fill-labs.dependi",
+				"serayuzgur.crates",
 				"tamasfe.even-better-toml",
 				"Swellaby.vscode-rust-test-adapter",
 				"charliermarsh.ruff"

.editorconfig

@@ -17,7 +17,4 @@ indent_size = 4
 trim_trailing_whitespace = false
 
 [*.md]
-max_line_length = 100
-
-[*.toml]
-indent_size = 4
+max_line_length = 100

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -9,15 +9,13 @@
 /crates/ruff_formatter/ @MichaReiser
 /crates/ruff_python_formatter/ @MichaReiser
 /crates/ruff_python_parser/ @MichaReiser @dhruvmanila
-/crates/ruff_annotate_snippets/ @BurntSushi
 
 # flake8-pyi
 /crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_pyi/ @AlexWaygood
 
-# Script for fuzzing the parser/red-knot etc.
-/python/py-fuzzer/ @AlexWaygood
+# Script for fuzzing the parser
+/scripts/fuzz-parser/ @AlexWaygood
 
 # red-knot
-/crates/red_knot* @carljm @MichaReiser @AlexWaygood @sharkdp
-/crates/ruff_db/ @carljm @MichaReiser @AlexWaygood @sharkdp
-/scripts/knot_benchmark/ @carljm @MichaReiser @AlexWaygood @sharkdp
+/crates/red_knot* @carljm @MichaReiser @AlexWaygood
+/crates/ruff_db/ @carljm @MichaReiser @AlexWaygood

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<!--
+Thank you for taking the time to report an issue! We're glad to have you involved with Ruff.
+
+If you're filing a bug report, please consider including the following information:
+
+* List of keywords you searched for before creating this issue. Write them down here so that others can find this issue more easily and help provide feedback.
+  e.g. "RUF001", "unused variable", "Jupyter notebook"
+* A minimal code snippet that reproduces the bug.
+* The command you invoked (e.g., `ruff /path/to/file.py --fix`), ideally including the `--isolated` flag.
+* The current Ruff settings (any relevant sections from your `pyproject.toml`).
+* The current Ruff version (`ruff --version`).
+-->

.github/actionlint.yaml

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# Configuration for the actionlint tool, which we run via pre-commit
-# to verify the correctness of the syntax in our GitHub Actions workflows.
-
-self-hosted-runner:
-  # Various runners we use that aren't recognized out-of-the-box by actionlint:
-  labels:
-    - depot-ubuntu-latest-8
-    - depot-ubuntu-22.04-16
-    - windows-latest-xlarge

.github/renovate.json5

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
       groupName: "Artifact GitHub Actions dependencies",
       matchManagers: ["github-actions"],
       matchDatasources: ["gitea-tags", "github-tags"],
-      matchPackageNames: ["actions/.*-artifact"],
+      matchPackagePatterns: ["actions/.*-artifact"],
       description: "Weekly update of artifact-related GitHub Actions dependencies",
     },
     {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
     {
       // Disable updates of `zip-rs`; intentionally pinned for now due to ownership change
       // See: https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/3642
-      matchPackageNames: ["zip"],
+      matchPackagePatterns: ["zip"],
       matchManagers: ["cargo"],
       enabled: false,
     },
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
       // with `mkdocs-material-insider`.
       // See: https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/upgrade/
       matchManagers: ["pip_requirements"],
-      matchPackageNames: ["mkdocs-material"],
+      matchPackagePatterns: ["mkdocs-material"],
       enabled: false,
     },
     {
@@ -87,13 +87,13 @@
     {
       groupName: "Monaco",
       matchManagers: ["npm"],
-      matchPackageNames: ["monaco"],
+      matchPackagePatterns: ["monaco"],
       description: "Weekly update of the Monaco editor",
     },
     {
       groupName: "strum",
       matchManagers: ["cargo"],
-      matchPackageNames: ["strum"],
+      matchPackagePatterns: ["strum"],
       description: "Weekly update of strum dependencies",
     },
     {

.github/workflows/build-binaries.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -53,9 +52,9 @@ jobs:
           args: --out dist
       - name: "Test sdist"
         run: |
-          pip install dist/"${PACKAGE_NAME}"-*.tar.gz --force-reinstall
-          "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
-          python -m "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
+          pip install dist/${{ env.PACKAGE_NAME }}-*.tar.gz --force-reinstall
+          ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
+          python -m ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
       - name: "Upload sdist"
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -64,12 +63,11 @@ jobs:
 
   macos-x86_64:
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'no-build') }}
-    runs-on: macos-14
+    runs-on: macos-12
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -111,7 +109,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -125,7 +122,7 @@ jobs:
           args: --release --locked --out dist
       - name: "Test wheel - aarch64"
         run: |
-          pip install dist/"${PACKAGE_NAME}"-*.whl --force-reinstall
+          pip install dist/${{ env.PACKAGE_NAME }}-*.whl --force-reinstall
           ruff --help
           python -m ruff --help
       - name: "Upload wheels"
@@ -167,7 +164,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -186,9 +182,9 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ !startsWith(matrix.platform.target, 'aarch64') }}
         shell: bash
         run: |
-          python -m pip install dist/"${PACKAGE_NAME}"-*.whl --force-reinstall
-          "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
-          python -m "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
+          python -m pip install dist/${{ env.PACKAGE_NAME }}-*.whl --force-reinstall
+          ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
+          python -m ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
       - name: "Upload wheels"
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -220,7 +216,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -236,9 +231,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: "Test wheel"
         if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.target, 'x86_64') }}
         run: |
-          pip install dist/"${PACKAGE_NAME}"-*.whl --force-reinstall
-          "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
-          python -m "${MODULE_NAME}" --help
+          pip install dist/${{ env.PACKAGE_NAME }}-*.whl --force-reinstall
+          ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
+          python -m ${{ env.MODULE_NAME }} --help
       - name: "Upload wheels"
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -295,7 +290,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -360,7 +354,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -426,7 +419,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}

.github/workflows/build-docker.yml

@@ -17,26 +17,16 @@ on:
     paths:
       - .github/workflows/build-docker.yml
 
-env:
-  RUFF_BASE_IMG: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/ruff
-
 jobs:
-  docker-build:
-    name: Build Docker image (ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff) for ${{ matrix.platform }}
+  docker-publish:
+    name: Build Docker image (ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     environment:
       name: release
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        platform:
-          - linux/amd64
-          - linux/arm64
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-          persist-credentials: false
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
 
@@ -46,254 +36,33 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
+      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff
+
       - name: Check tag consistency
         if: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-        env:
-          TAG: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag || 'dry-run' }}
         run: |
           version=$(grep "version = " pyproject.toml | sed -e 's/version = "\(.*\)"/\1/g')
-          if [ "${TAG}" != "${version}" ]; then
+          if [ "${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}" != "${version}" ]; then
             echo "The input tag does not match the version from pyproject.toml:" >&2
-            echo "${TAG}" >&2
+            echo "${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}" >&2
             echo "${version}" >&2
             exit 1
           else
             echo "Releasing ${version}"
           fi
 
-      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        with:
-          images: ${{ env.RUFF_BASE_IMG }}
-          # Defining this makes sure the org.opencontainers.image.version OCI label becomes the actual release version and not the branch name
-          tags: |
-            type=raw,value=dry-run,enable=${{ inputs.plan == '' || fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-            type=pep440,pattern={{ version }},value=${{ inputs.plan != '' && fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag || 'dry-run' }},enable=${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-
-      - name: Normalize Platform Pair (replace / with -)
-        run: |
-          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
-          echo "PLATFORM_TUPLE=${platform//\//-}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-
-      # Adapted from https://docs.docker.com/build/ci/github-actions/multi-platform/
-      - name: Build and push by digest
-        id: build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          context: .
-          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-          cache-from: type=gha,scope=ruff-${{ env.PLATFORM_TUPLE }}
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=min,scope=ruff-${{ env.PLATFORM_TUPLE }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.RUFF_BASE_IMG }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-
-      - name: Export digests
-        env:
-          digest: ${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p /tmp/digests
-          touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"
-
-      - name: Upload digests
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_TUPLE }}
-          path: /tmp/digests/*
-          if-no-files-found: error
-          retention-days: 1
-
-  docker-publish:
-    name: Publish Docker image (ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    environment:
-      name: release
-    needs:
-      - docker-build
-    if: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          path: /tmp/digests
-          pattern: digests-*
-          merge-multiple: true
-
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
-      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        with:
-          images: ${{ env.RUFF_BASE_IMG }}
-          # Order is on purpose such that the label org.opencontainers.image.version has the first pattern with the full version
-          tags: |
-            type=pep440,pattern={{ version }},value=${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}
-            type=pep440,pattern={{ major }}.{{ minor }},value=${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}
-
-      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      # Adapted from https://docs.docker.com/build/ci/github-actions/multi-platform/
-      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        working-directory: /tmp/digests
-        # The jq command expands the docker/metadata json "tags" array entry to `-t tag1 -t tag2 ...` for each tag in the array
-        # The printf will expand the base image with the `<RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256> ...` for each sha256 in the directory
-        # The final command becomes `docker buildx imagetools create -t tag1 -t tag2 ... <RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256_1> <RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256_2> ...`
-        run: |
-          # shellcheck disable=SC2046
-          docker buildx imagetools create \
-            $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
-            $(printf "${RUFF_BASE_IMG}@sha256:%s " *)
-
-  docker-publish-extra:
-    name: Publish additional Docker image based on ${{ matrix.image-mapping }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    environment:
-      name: release
-    needs:
-      - docker-publish
-    if: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        # Mapping of base image followed by a comma followed by one or more base tags (comma separated)
-        # Note, org.opencontainers.image.version label will use the first base tag (use the most specific tag first)
-        image-mapping:
-          - alpine:3.20,alpine3.20,alpine
-          - debian:bookworm-slim,bookworm-slim,debian-slim
-          - buildpack-deps:bookworm,bookworm,debian
-    steps:
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
-      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Generate Dynamic Dockerfile Tags
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          TAG_VALUE: ${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          # Extract the image and tags from the matrix variable
-          IFS=',' read -r BASE_IMAGE BASE_TAGS <<< "${{ matrix.image-mapping }}"
-
-          # Generate Dockerfile content
-          cat <<EOF > Dockerfile
-          FROM ${BASE_IMAGE}
-          COPY --from=${RUFF_BASE_IMG}:latest /ruff /usr/local/bin/ruff
-          ENTRYPOINT []
-          CMD ["/usr/local/bin/ruff"]
-          EOF
-
-          # Initialize a variable to store all tag docker metadata patterns
-          TAG_PATTERNS=""
-
-          # Loop through all base tags and append its docker metadata pattern to the list
-          # Order is on purpose such that the label org.opencontainers.image.version has the first pattern with the full version
-          IFS=','; for TAG in ${BASE_TAGS}; do
-            TAG_PATTERNS="${TAG_PATTERNS}type=pep440,pattern={{ version }},suffix=-${TAG},value=${TAG_VALUE}\n"
-            TAG_PATTERNS="${TAG_PATTERNS}type=pep440,pattern={{ major }}.{{ minor }},suffix=-${TAG},value=${TAG_VALUE}\n"
-            TAG_PATTERNS="${TAG_PATTERNS}type=raw,value=${TAG}\n"
-          done
-
-          # Remove the trailing newline from the pattern list
-          TAG_PATTERNS="${TAG_PATTERNS%\\n}"
-
-          # Export image cache name
-          echo "IMAGE_REF=${BASE_IMAGE//:/-}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-
-          # Export tag patterns using the multiline env var syntax
-          {
-            echo "TAG_PATTERNS<<EOF"
-            echo -e "${TAG_PATTERNS}"
-            echo EOF
-          } >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-
-      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        # ghcr.io prefers index level annotations
-        env:
-          DOCKER_METADATA_ANNOTATIONS_LEVELS: index
-        with:
-          images: ${{ env.RUFF_BASE_IMG }}
-          flavor: |
-            latest=false
-          tags: |
-            ${{ env.TAG_PATTERNS }}
-
-      - name: Build and push
+      - name: "Build and push Docker image"
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           context: .
           platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
-          # We do not really need to cache here as the Dockerfile is tiny
-          #cache-from: type=gha,scope=ruff-${{ env.IMAGE_REF }}
-          #cache-to: type=gha,mode=min,scope=ruff-${{ env.IMAGE_REF }}
-          push: true
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          # Reuse the builder
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          push: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
+          tags: ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff:latest,ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff:${{ (inputs.plan != '' && fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag) || 'dry-run' }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          annotations: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.annotations }}
-
-  # This is effectively a duplicate of `docker-publish` to make https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pkgs/container/ruff
-  # show the ruff base image first since GitHub always shows the last updated image digests
-  # This works by annotating the original digests (previously non-annotated) which triggers an update to ghcr.io
-  docker-republish:
-    name: Annotate Docker image (ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    environment:
-      name: release
-    needs:
-      - docker-publish-extra
-    if: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          path: /tmp/digests
-          pattern: digests-*
-          merge-multiple: true
-
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
-      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        env:
-          DOCKER_METADATA_ANNOTATIONS_LEVELS: index
-        with:
-          images: ${{ env.RUFF_BASE_IMG }}
-          # Order is on purpose such that the label org.opencontainers.image.version has the first pattern with the full version
-          tags: |
-            type=pep440,pattern={{ version }},value=${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}
-            type=pep440,pattern={{ major }}.{{ minor }},value=${{ fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag }}
-
-      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      # Adapted from https://docs.docker.com/build/ci/github-actions/multi-platform/
-      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        working-directory: /tmp/digests
-        # The readarray part is used to make sure the quoting and special characters are preserved on expansion (e.g. spaces)
-        # The jq command expands the docker/metadata json "tags" array entry to `-t tag1 -t tag2 ...` for each tag in the array
-        # The printf will expand the base image with the `<RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256> ...` for each sha256 in the directory
-        # The final command becomes `docker buildx imagetools create -t tag1 -t tag2 ... <RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256_1> <RUFF_BASE_IMG>@sha256:<sha256_2> ...`
-        run: |
-          readarray -t lines <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_ANNOTATIONS"; annotations=(); for line in "${lines[@]}"; do annotations+=(--annotation "$line"); done
-
-          # shellcheck disable=SC2046
-          docker buildx imagetools create \
-            "${annotations[@]}" \
-            $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
-            $(printf "${RUFF_BASE_IMG}@sha256:%s " *)

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ env:
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
   RUSTUP_MAX_RETRIES: 10
   PACKAGE_NAME: ruff
-  PYTHON_VERSION: "3.12"
+  PYTHON_VERSION: "3.11"
 
 jobs:
   determine_changes:
@@ -32,15 +32,12 @@ jobs:
       # Flag that is raised when any code is changed
       # This is superset of the linter and formatter
       code: ${{ steps.changed.outputs.code_any_changed }}
-      # Flag that is raised when any code that affects the fuzzer is changed
-      fuzz: ${{ steps.changed.outputs.fuzz_any_changed }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v45
+      - uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v44
         id: changed
         with:
           files_yaml: |
@@ -52,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
               - crates/ruff_text_size/**
               - crates/ruff_python_ast/**
               - crates/ruff_python_parser/**
-              - python/py-fuzzer/**
+              - scripts/fuzz-parser/**
               - .github/workflows/ci.yaml
 
             linter:
@@ -82,15 +79,9 @@ jobs:
               - python/**
               - .github/workflows/ci.yaml
 
-            fuzz:
-              - fuzz/Cargo.toml
-              - fuzz/Cargo.lock
-              - fuzz/fuzz_targets/**
-
             code:
               - "**/*"
               - "!**/*.md"
-              - "crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/**/*.md"
               - "!docs/**"
               - "!assets/**"
 
@@ -100,8 +91,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup component add rustfmt
       - run: cargo fmt --all --check
@@ -114,8 +103,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: |
           rustup component add clippy
@@ -128,14 +115,12 @@ jobs:
 
   cargo-test-linux:
     name: "cargo test (linux)"
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-22.04-16
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: determine_changes
     if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - name: "Install mold"
@@ -163,7 +148,7 @@ jobs:
       # sync, not just public items. Eventually we should do this for all
       # crates; for now add crates here as they are warning-clean to prevent
       # regression.
-      - run: cargo doc --no-deps -p red_knot_python_semantic -p red_knot -p red_knot_test -p ruff_db --document-private-items
+      - run: cargo doc --no-deps -p red_knot_python_semantic -p red_knot -p ruff_db --document-private-items
         env:
           # Setting RUSTDOCFLAGS because `cargo doc --check` isn't yet implemented (https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/10025).
           RUSTDOCFLAGS: "-D warnings"
@@ -172,45 +157,14 @@ jobs:
           name: ruff
           path: target/debug/ruff
 
-  cargo-test-linux-release:
-    name: "cargo test (linux, release)"
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-22.04-16
-    needs: determine_changes
-    if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
-    timeout-minutes: 20
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
-        run: rustup show
-      - name: "Install mold"
-        uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - name: "Install cargo nextest"
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
-        with:
-          tool: cargo-nextest
-      - name: "Install cargo insta"
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
-        with:
-          tool: cargo-insta
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-      - name: "Run tests"
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          NEXTEST_PROFILE: "ci"
-        run: cargo insta test --release --all-features --unreferenced reject --test-runner nextest
-
   cargo-test-windows:
     name: "cargo test (windows)"
-    runs-on: windows-latest-xlarge
+    runs-on: windows-latest
     needs: determine_changes
     if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - name: "Install cargo nextest"
@@ -235,18 +189,14 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 18
           cache: "npm"
           cache-dependency-path: playground/package-lock.json
       - uses: jetli/wasm-pack-action@v0.4.0
-        with:
-          version: v0.13.1
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
       - name: "Test ruff_wasm"
         run: |
@@ -260,12 +210,11 @@ jobs:
   cargo-build-release:
     name: "cargo build (release)"
     runs-on: macos-latest
-    if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+    needs: determine_changes
+    if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - name: "Install mold"
@@ -282,17 +231,13 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: SebRollen/toml-action@v1.2.0
         id: msrv
         with:
           file: "Cargo.toml"
           field: "workspace.package.rust-version"
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
-        env:
-          MSRV: ${{ steps.msrv.outputs.value }}
-        run: rustup default "${MSRV}"
+        run: rustup default ${{ steps.msrv.outputs.value }}
       - name: "Install mold"
         uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
       - name: "Install cargo nextest"
@@ -308,19 +253,16 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         env:
           NEXTEST_PROFILE: "ci"
-          MSRV: ${{ steps.msrv.outputs.value }}
-        run: cargo "+${MSRV}" insta test --all-features --unreferenced reject --test-runner nextest
+        run: cargo +${{ steps.msrv.outputs.value }} insta test --all-features --unreferenced reject --test-runner nextest
 
-  cargo-fuzz-build:
-    name: "cargo fuzz build"
+  cargo-fuzz:
+    name: "cargo fuzz"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: determine_changes
-    if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || needs.determine_changes.outputs.fuzz == 'true' || needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' }}
+    if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -336,7 +278,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: cargo fuzz build -s none
 
   fuzz-parser:
-    name: "fuzz parser"
+    name: "Fuzz the parser"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - cargo-test-linux
@@ -347,9 +289,13 @@ jobs:
       FORCE_COLOR: 1
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+      - name: Install uv
+        run: curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
+      - name: Install Python requirements
+        run: uv pip install -r scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt --system
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         name: Download Ruff binary to test
         id: download-cached-binary
@@ -357,21 +303,11 @@ jobs:
           name: ruff
           path: ruff-to-test
       - name: Fuzz
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.download-cached-binary.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Make executable, since artifact download doesn't preserve this
-          chmod +x "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
+          chmod +x ${{ steps.download-cached-binary.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
-          (
-            uvx \
-            --python="${PYTHON_VERSION}" \
-            --from=./python/py-fuzzer \
-            fuzz \
-            --test-executable="${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff" \
-            --bin=ruff \
-            0-500
-          )
+          python scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py 0-500 --test-executable ${{ steps.download-cached-binary.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
   scripts:
     name: "test scripts"
@@ -381,12 +317,10 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 5
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup component add rustfmt
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-      - run: ./scripts/add_rule.py --name DoTheThing --prefix F --code 999 --linter pyflakes
+      - run: ./scripts/add_rule.py --name DoTheThing --prefix PL --code C0999 --linter pylint
       - run: cargo check
       - run: cargo fmt --all --check
       - run: |
@@ -397,7 +331,7 @@ jobs:
 
   ecosystem:
     name: "ecosystem"
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-8
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - cargo-test-linux
       - determine_changes
@@ -407,8 +341,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -420,7 +352,7 @@ jobs:
           name: ruff
           path: target/debug
 
-      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v7
+      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v6
         name: Download baseline Ruff binary
         with:
           name: ruff
@@ -434,72 +366,64 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run `ruff check` stable ecosystem check
         if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.linter == 'true' }}
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Make executable, since artifact download doesn't preserve this
-          chmod +x ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
+          chmod +x ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
           # Set pipefail to avoid hiding errors with tee
           set -eo pipefail
 
-          ruff-ecosystem check ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff" --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown | tee ecosystem-result-check-stable
+          ruff-ecosystem check ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown | tee ecosystem-result-check-stable
 
-          cat ecosystem-result-check-stable > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cat ecosystem-result-check-stable > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "### Linter (stable)"  > ecosystem-result
           cat ecosystem-result-check-stable >> ecosystem-result
           echo "" >> ecosystem-result
 
       - name: Run `ruff check` preview ecosystem check
         if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.linter == 'true' }}
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Make executable, since artifact download doesn't preserve this
-          chmod +x ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
+          chmod +x ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
           # Set pipefail to avoid hiding errors with tee
           set -eo pipefail
 
-          ruff-ecosystem check ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff" --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown --force-preview | tee ecosystem-result-check-preview
+          ruff-ecosystem check ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown --force-preview | tee ecosystem-result-check-preview
 
-          cat ecosystem-result-check-preview > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cat ecosystem-result-check-preview > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "### Linter (preview)" >> ecosystem-result
           cat ecosystem-result-check-preview >> ecosystem-result
           echo "" >> ecosystem-result
 
       - name: Run `ruff format` stable ecosystem check
         if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.formatter == 'true' }}
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Make executable, since artifact download doesn't preserve this
-          chmod +x ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
+          chmod +x ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
           # Set pipefail to avoid hiding errors with tee
           set -eo pipefail
 
-          ruff-ecosystem format ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff" --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown | tee ecosystem-result-format-stable
+          ruff-ecosystem format ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown | tee ecosystem-result-format-stable
 
-          cat ecosystem-result-format-stable > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cat ecosystem-result-format-stable > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "### Formatter (stable)" >> ecosystem-result
           cat ecosystem-result-format-stable >> ecosystem-result
           echo "" >> ecosystem-result
 
       - name: Run `ruff format` preview ecosystem check
         if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.formatter == 'true' }}
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Make executable, since artifact download doesn't preserve this
-          chmod +x ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
+          chmod +x ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
 
           # Set pipefail to avoid hiding errors with tee
           set -eo pipefail
 
-          ruff-ecosystem format ./ruff "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff" --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown --force-preview | tee ecosystem-result-format-preview
+          ruff-ecosystem format ./ruff ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff --cache ./checkouts --output-format markdown --force-preview | tee ecosystem-result-format-preview
 
-          cat ecosystem-result-format-preview > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cat ecosystem-result-format-preview > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "### Formatter (preview)" >> ecosystem-result
           cat ecosystem-result-format-preview >> ecosystem-result
           echo "" >> ecosystem-result
@@ -527,8 +451,6 @@ jobs:
     if: ${{ needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: cargo-bins/cargo-binstall@main
       - run: cargo binstall --no-confirm cargo-shear
       - run: cargo shear
@@ -539,8 +461,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -554,7 +474,7 @@ jobs:
           args: --out dist
       - name: "Test wheel"
         run: |
-          pip install --force-reinstall --find-links dist "${PACKAGE_NAME}"
+          pip install --force-reinstall --find-links dist ${{ env.PACKAGE_NAME }}
           ruff --help
           python -m ruff --help
       - name: "Remove wheels from cache"
@@ -566,8 +486,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
@@ -583,14 +501,13 @@ jobs:
           key: pre-commit-${{ hashFiles('.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}
       - name: "Run pre-commit"
         run: |
-          echo '```console' > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo '```console' > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           # Enable color output for pre-commit and remove it for the summary
-          # Use --hook-stage=manual to enable slower pre-commit hooks that are skipped by default
-          SKIP=cargo-fmt,clippy,dev-generate-all pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure --color=always --hook-stage=manual | \
-            tee >(sed -E 's/\x1B\[([0-9]{1,2}(;[0-9]{1,2})*)?[mGK]//g' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY") >&1
-          exit_code="${PIPESTATUS[0]}"
-          echo '```' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
-          exit "$exit_code"
+          SKIP=cargo-fmt,clippy,dev-generate-all pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure --color=always | \
+            tee >(sed -E 's/\x1B\[([0-9]{1,2}(;[0-9]{1,2})*)?[mGK]//g' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY) >&1
+          exit_code=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
+          echo '```' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          exit $exit_code
 
   docs:
     name: "mkdocs"
@@ -600,11 +517,7 @@ jobs:
       MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY_EXISTS: ${{ secrets.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY != '' }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: "3.13"
       - name: "Add SSH key"
         if: ${{ env.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY_EXISTS == 'true' }}
         uses: webfactory/ssh-agent@v0.9.0
@@ -612,15 +525,13 @@ jobs:
           ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY }}
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
-      - name: Install uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
       - name: "Install Insiders dependencies"
         if: ${{ env.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY_EXISTS == 'true' }}
-        run: uv pip install -r docs/requirements-insiders.txt --system
+        run: pip install -r docs/requirements-insiders.txt
       - name: "Install dependencies"
         if: ${{ env.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY_EXISTS != 'true' }}
-        run: uv pip install -r docs/requirements.txt --system
+        run: pip install -r docs/requirements.txt
       - name: "Update README File"
         run: python scripts/transform_readme.py --target mkdocs
       - name: "Generate docs"
@@ -642,18 +553,16 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - name: "Cache rust"
         uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-      - name: "Run checks"
+      - name: "Formatter progress"
         run: scripts/formatter_ecosystem_checks.sh
       - name: "Github step summary"
-        run: cat target/formatter-ecosystem/stats.txt > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+        run: cat target/progress_projects_stats.txt > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
       - name: "Remove checkouts from cache"
-        run: rm -r target/formatter-ecosystem
+        run: rm -r target/progress_projects
 
   check-ruff-lsp:
     name: "test ruff-lsp"
@@ -671,7 +580,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         name: "Download ruff-lsp source"
         with:
-          persist-credentials: false
           repository: "astral-sh/ruff-lsp"
 
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
@@ -690,27 +598,23 @@ jobs:
           just install
 
       - name: Run ruff-lsp tests
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_PATH: ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}
         run: |
           # Setup development binary
           pip uninstall --yes ruff
-          chmod +x "${DOWNLOAD_PATH}/ruff"
-          export PATH="${DOWNLOAD_PATH}:${PATH}"
+          chmod +x ${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}/ruff
+          export PATH=${{ steps.ruff-target.outputs.download-path }}:$PATH
           ruff version
 
           just test
 
   benchmarks:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: determine_changes
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'astral-sh/ruff' && (needs.determine_changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main') }}
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
       - name: "Checkout Branch"
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show

.github/workflows/daily_fuzz.yaml

@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@ jobs:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'astral-sh/ruff' || github.event_name != 'schedule' }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+          python-version: "3.12"
+      - name: Install uv
+        run: curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
+      - name: Install Python requirements
+        run: uv pip install -r scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt --system
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup show
       - name: "Install mold"
@@ -45,17 +49,7 @@ jobs:
         # but this is outweighed by the fact that a release build takes *much* longer to compile in CI
         run: cargo build --locked
       - name: Fuzz
-        run: |
-          # shellcheck disable=SC2046
-          (
-            uvx \
-            --python=3.12 \
-            --from=./python/py-fuzzer \
-            fuzz \
-            --test-executable=target/debug/ruff \
-            --bin=ruff \
-            $(shuf -i 0-9999999999999999999 -n 1000)
-          )
+        run: python scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py $(shuf -i 0-9999999999999999999 -n 1000) --test-executable target/debug/ruff
 
   create-issue-on-failure:
     name: Create an issue if the daily fuzz surfaced any bugs
@@ -73,6 +67,6 @@ jobs:
               owner: "astral-sh",
               repo: "ruff",
               title: `Daily parser fuzz failed on ${new Date().toDateString()}`,
-              body: "Run listed here: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              body: "Runs listed here: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/actions/workflows/daily_fuzz.yml",
               labels: ["bug", "parser", "fuzzer"],
             })

.github/workflows/daily_property_tests.yaml

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-name: Daily property test run
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "0 12 * * *"
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/daily_property_tests.yaml"
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-env:
-  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
-  CARGO_NET_RETRY: 10
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  RUSTUP_MAX_RETRIES: 10
-  FORCE_COLOR: 1
-
-jobs:
-  property_tests:
-    name: Property tests
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
-    # Don't run the cron job on forks:
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'astral-sh/ruff' || github.event_name != 'schedule' }}
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
-        run: rustup show
-      - name: "Install mold"
-        uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-      - name: Build Red Knot
-        # A release build takes longer (2 min vs 1 min), but the property tests run much faster in release
-        # mode (1.5 min vs 14 min), so the overall time is shorter with a release build.
-        run: cargo build --locked --release --package red_knot_python_semantic --tests
-      - name: Run property tests
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          export QUICKCHECK_TESTS=100000
-          for _ in {1..5}; do
-            cargo test --locked --release --package red_knot_python_semantic -- --ignored types::property_tests::stable
-          done
-
-  create-issue-on-failure:
-    name: Create an issue if the daily property test run surfaced any bugs
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: property_tests
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'astral-sh/ruff' && always() && github.event_name == 'schedule' && needs.property_tests.result == 'failure' }}
-    permissions:
-      issues: write
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/github-script@v7
-        with:
-          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          script: |
-            await github.rest.issues.create({
-              owner: "astral-sh",
-              repo: "ruff",
-              title: `Daily property test run failed on ${new Date().toDateString()}`,
-              body: "Run listed here: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              labels: ["bug", "red-knot", "testing"],
-            })

.github/workflows/pr-comment.yaml

@@ -10,13 +10,14 @@ on:
         description: The ecosystem workflow that triggers the workflow run
         required: true
 
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+
 jobs:
   comment:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      pull-requests: write
     steps:
-      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v7
+      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v6
         name: Download pull request number
         with:
           name: pr-number
@@ -29,10 +30,10 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           if [[ -f pr-number ]]
           then
-            echo "pr-number=$(<pr-number)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "pr-number=$(<pr-number)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           fi
 
-      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v7
+      - uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v6
         name: "Download ecosystem results"
         id: download-ecosystem-result
         if: steps.pr-number.outputs.pr-number
@@ -65,9 +66,9 @@ jobs:
           cat pr/ecosystem/ecosystem-result >> comment.txt
           echo "" >> comment.txt
 
-          echo 'comment<<EOF' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          cat comment.txt >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo 'EOF' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo 'comment<<EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          cat comment.txt >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo 'EOF' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Find existing comment
         uses: peter-evans/find-comment@v3

.github/workflows/publish-docs.yml

@@ -26,38 +26,38 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           ref: ${{ inputs.ref }}
-          persist-credentials: true
 
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
 
       - name: "Set docs version"
-        env:
-          version: ${{ (inputs.plan != '' && fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag) || inputs.ref }}
         run: |
-          # if version is missing, use 'latest'
-          if [ -z "$version" ]; then
-            echo "Using 'latest' as version"
-            version="latest"
+          version="${{ (inputs.plan != '' && fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag) || inputs.ref }}"
+          # if version is missing, exit with error
+          if [[ -z "$version" ]]; then
+          echo "Can't build docs without a version."
+          exit 1
           fi
 
           # Use version as display name for now
           display_name="$version"
 
-          echo "version=$version" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          echo "display_name=$display_name" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "version=$version" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "display_name=$display_name" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: "Set branch name"
         run: |
+          version="${{ env.version }}"
+          display_name="${{ env.display_name }}"
           timestamp="$(date +%s)"
 
           # create branch_display_name from display_name by replacing all
           # characters disallowed in git branch names with hyphens
-          branch_display_name="$(echo "${display_name}" | tr -c '[:alnum:]._' '-' | tr -s '-')"
+          branch_display_name="$(echo "$display_name" | tr -c '[:alnum:]._' '-' | tr -s '-')"
 
-          echo "branch_name=update-docs-$branch_display_name-$timestamp" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          echo "timestamp=$timestamp" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "branch_name=update-docs-$branch_display_name-$timestamp" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "timestamp=$timestamp" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: "Add SSH key"
         if: ${{ env.MKDOCS_INSIDERS_SSH_KEY_EXISTS == 'true' }}
@@ -92,7 +92,9 @@ jobs:
         run: mkdocs build --strict -f mkdocs.public.yml
 
       - name: "Clone docs repo"
-        run: git clone https://${{ secrets.ASTRAL_DOCS_PAT }}@github.com/astral-sh/docs.git astral-docs
+        run: |
+          version="${{ env.version }}"
+          git clone https://${{ secrets.ASTRAL_DOCS_PAT }}@github.com/astral-sh/docs.git astral-docs
 
       - name: "Copy docs"
         run: rm -rf astral-docs/site/ruff && mkdir -p astral-docs/site && cp -r site/ruff astral-docs/site/
@@ -100,10 +102,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: "Commit docs"
         working-directory: astral-docs
         run: |
+          branch_name="${{ env.branch_name }}"
+
           git config user.name "astral-docs-bot"
           git config user.email "176161322+astral-docs-bot@users.noreply.github.com"
 
-          git checkout -b "${branch_name}"
+          git checkout -b $branch_name
           git add site/ruff
           git commit -m "Update ruff documentation for $version"
 
@@ -112,8 +116,12 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ASTRAL_DOCS_PAT }}
         run: |
+          version="${{ env.version }}"
+          display_name="${{ env.display_name }}"
+          branch_name="${{ env.branch_name }}"
+
           # set the PR title
-          pull_request_title="Update ruff documentation for ${display_name}"
+          pull_request_title="Update ruff documentation for $display_name"
 
           # Delete any existing pull requests that are open for this version
           # by checking against pull_request_title because the new PR will
@@ -122,15 +130,13 @@ jobs:
             xargs -I {} gh pr close {}
 
           # push the branch to GitHub
-          git push origin "${branch_name}"
+          git push origin $branch_name
 
           # create the PR
-          gh pr create \
-            --base=main \
-            --head="${branch_name}" \
-            --title="${pull_request_title}" \
-            --body="Automated documentation update for ${display_name}" \
-            --label="documentation"
+          gh pr create --base main --head $branch_name \
+            --title "$pull_request_title" \
+            --body "Automated documentation update for $display_name" \
+            --label "documentation"
 
       - name: "Merge Pull Request"
         if: ${{ inputs.plan != '' && !fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}
@@ -138,7 +144,8 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ASTRAL_DOCS_PAT }}
         run: |
+          branch_name="${{ env.branch_name }}"
           # auto-merge the PR if the build was triggered by a release. Manual builds should be reviewed by a human.
           # give the PR a few seconds to be created before trying to auto-merge it
           sleep 10
-          gh pr merge --squash "${branch_name}"
+          gh pr merge --squash $branch_name

.github/workflows/publish-playground.yml

@@ -25,13 +25,11 @@ jobs:
       CF_API_TOKEN_EXISTS: ${{ secrets.CF_API_TOKEN != '' }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 18
           cache: "npm"
           cache-dependency-path: playground/package-lock.json
       - uses: jetli/wasm-pack-action@v0.4.0
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: playground
       - name: "Deploy to Cloudflare Pages"
         if: ${{ env.CF_API_TOKEN_EXISTS == 'true' }}
-        uses: cloudflare/wrangler-action@v3.13.0
+        uses: cloudflare/wrangler-action@v3.7.0
         with:
           apiToken: ${{ secrets.CF_API_TOKEN }}
           accountId: ${{ secrets.CF_ACCOUNT_ID }}

.github/workflows/publish-pypi.yml

@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ jobs:
       # For PyPI's trusted publishing.
       id-token: write
     steps:
-      - name: "Install uv"
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           pattern: wheels-*
           path: wheels
           merge-multiple: true
       - name: Publish to PyPi
-        run: uv publish -v wheels/*
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
+        with:
+          skip-existing: true
+          packages-dir: wheels
+          verbose: true

.github/workflows/publish-wasm.yml

@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Install Rust toolchain"
         run: rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
       - uses: jetli/wasm-pack-action@v0.4.0
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: cp LICENSE crates/ruff_wasm/pkg # wasm-pack does not put the LICENSE file in the pkg
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 18
           registry-url: "https://registry.npmjs.org"
       - name: "Publish (dry-run)"
         if: ${{ inputs.plan == '' || fromJson(inputs.plan).announcement_tag_is_implicit }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by dist: https://opensource.axo.dev/cargo-dist/
-#
 # Copyright 2022-2024, axodotdev
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT or Apache-2.0
 #
 # CI that:
 #
 # * checks for a Git Tag that looks like a release
-# * builds artifacts with dist (archives, installers, hashes)
+# * builds artifacts with cargo-dist (archives, installers, hashes)
 # * uploads those artifacts to temporary workflow zip
 # * on success, uploads the artifacts to a GitHub Release
 #
@@ -24,10 +22,10 @@ permissions:
 # must be a Cargo-style SemVer Version (must have at least major.minor.patch).
 #
 # If PACKAGE_NAME is specified, then the announcement will be for that
-# package (erroring out if it doesn't have the given version or isn't dist-able).
+# package (erroring out if it doesn't have the given version or isn't cargo-dist-able).
 #
 # If PACKAGE_NAME isn't specified, then the announcement will be for all
-# (dist-able) packages in the workspace with that version (this mode is
+# (cargo-dist-able) packages in the workspace with that version (this mode is
 # intended for workspaces with only one dist-able package, or with all dist-able
 # packages versioned/released in lockstep).
 #
@@ -48,7 +46,7 @@ on:
         type: string
 
 jobs:
-  # Run 'dist plan' (or host) to determine what tasks we need to do
+  # Run 'cargo dist plan' (or host) to determine what tasks we need to do
   plan:
     runs-on: "ubuntu-20.04"
     outputs:
@@ -62,16 +60,16 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Install dist
+      - name: Install cargo-dist
         # we specify bash to get pipefail; it guards against the `curl` command
         # failing. otherwise `sh` won't catch that `curl` returned non-0
         shell: bash
-        run: "curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -LsSf https://github.com/axodotdev/cargo-dist/releases/download/v0.25.2-prerelease.3/cargo-dist-installer.sh | sh"
-      - name: Cache dist
+        run: "curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -LsSf https://github.com/axodotdev/cargo-dist/releases/download/v0.18.0/cargo-dist-installer.sh | sh"
+      - name: Cache cargo-dist
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: cargo-dist-cache
-          path: ~/.cargo/bin/dist
+          path: ~/.cargo/bin/cargo-dist
       # sure would be cool if github gave us proper conditionals...
       # so here's a doubly-nested ternary-via-truthiness to try to provide the best possible
       # functionality based on whether this is a pull_request, and whether it's from a fork.
@@ -79,8 +77,8 @@ jobs:
       # but also really annoying to build CI around when it needs secrets to work right.)
       - id: plan
         run: |
-          dist ${{ (inputs.tag && inputs.tag != 'dry-run' && format('host --steps=create --tag={0}', inputs.tag)) || 'plan' }} --output-format=json > plan-dist-manifest.json
-          echo "dist ran successfully"
+          cargo dist ${{ (inputs.tag && inputs.tag != 'dry-run' && format('host --steps=create --tag={0}', inputs.tag)) || 'plan' }} --output-format=json > plan-dist-manifest.json
+          echo "cargo dist ran successfully"
           cat plan-dist-manifest.json
           echo "manifest=$(jq -c "." plan-dist-manifest.json)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: "Upload dist-manifest.json"
@@ -124,12 +122,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Install cached dist
+      - name: Install cached cargo-dist
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: cargo-dist-cache
           path: ~/.cargo/bin/
-      - run: chmod +x ~/.cargo/bin/dist
+      - run: chmod +x ~/.cargo/bin/cargo-dist
       # Get all the local artifacts for the global tasks to use (for e.g. checksums)
       - name: Fetch local artifacts
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
@@ -140,8 +138,8 @@ jobs:
       - id: cargo-dist
         shell: bash
         run: |
-          dist build ${{ needs.plan.outputs.tag-flag }} --output-format=json "--artifacts=global" > dist-manifest.json
-          echo "dist ran successfully"
+          cargo dist build ${{ needs.plan.outputs.tag-flag }} --output-format=json "--artifacts=global" > dist-manifest.json
+          echo "cargo dist ran successfully"
 
           # Parse out what we just built and upload it to scratch storage
           echo "paths<<EOF" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
@@ -174,12 +172,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Install cached dist
+      - name: Install cached cargo-dist
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: cargo-dist-cache
           path: ~/.cargo/bin/
-      - run: chmod +x ~/.cargo/bin/dist
+      - run: chmod +x ~/.cargo/bin/cargo-dist
       # Fetch artifacts from scratch-storage
       - name: Fetch artifacts
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
@@ -191,7 +189,7 @@ jobs:
       - id: host
         shell: bash
         run: |
-          dist host ${{ needs.plan.outputs.tag-flag }} --steps=upload --steps=release --output-format=json > dist-manifest.json
+          cargo dist host ${{ needs.plan.outputs.tag-flag }} --steps=upload --steps=release --output-format=json > dist-manifest.json
           echo "artifacts uploaded and released successfully"
           cat dist-manifest.json
           echo "manifest=$(jq -c "." dist-manifest.json)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"

.github/workflows/sync_typeshed.yaml

@@ -25,13 +25,11 @@ jobs:
         name: Checkout Ruff
         with:
           path: ruff
-          persist-credentials: true
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         name: Checkout typeshed
         with:
           repository: python/typeshed
           path: typeshed
-          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Setup git
         run: |
           git config --global user.name typeshedbot
@@ -39,13 +37,13 @@ jobs:
       - name: Sync typeshed
         id: sync
         run: |
-          rm -rf ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed
-          mkdir ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed
-          cp typeshed/README.md ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed
-          cp typeshed/LICENSE ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed
-          cp -r typeshed/stdlib ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed/stdlib
-          rm -rf ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed/stdlib/@tests
-          git -C typeshed rev-parse HEAD > ruff/crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed/source_commit.txt
+          rm -rf ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed
+          mkdir ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed
+          cp typeshed/README.md ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed
+          cp typeshed/LICENSE ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed
+          cp -r typeshed/stdlib ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed/stdlib
+          rm -rf ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed/stdlib/@tests
+          git -C typeshed rev-parse HEAD > ruff/crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed/source_commit.txt
       - name: Commit the changes
         id: commit
         if: ${{ steps.sync.outcome == 'success' }}
@@ -59,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           cd ruff
           git push --force origin typeshedbot/sync-typeshed
-          gh pr list --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" --head typeshedbot/sync-typeshed --json id --jq length | grep 1 && exit 0 # exit if there is existing pr
+          gh pr list --repo $GITHUB_REPOSITORY --head typeshedbot/sync-typeshed --json id --jq length | grep 1 && exit 0 # exit if there is existing pr
           gh pr create --title "Sync vendored typeshed stubs" --body "Close and reopen this PR to trigger CI" --label "internal"
 
   create-issue-on-failure:
@@ -78,6 +76,5 @@ jobs:
               owner: "astral-sh",
               repo: "ruff",
               title: `Automated typeshed sync failed on ${new Date().toDateString()}`,
-              body: "Run listed here: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              labels: ["bug", "red-knot"],
+              body: "Runs are listed here: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/actions/workflows/sync_typeshed.yaml",
             })

.github/zizmor.yml

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# Configuration for the zizmor static analysis tool, run via pre-commit in CI
-# https://woodruffw.github.io/zizmor/configuration/
-#
-# TODO: can we remove the ignores here so that our workflows are more secure?
-rules:
-  dangerous-triggers:
-    ignore:
-      - pr-comment.yaml
-  cache-poisoning:
-    ignore:
-      - build-docker.yml
-      - publish-playground.yml

.markdownlint.yaml

@@ -21,11 +21,3 @@ MD014: false
 MD024:
   # Allow when nested under different parents e.g. CHANGELOG.md
   siblings_only: true
-
-# MD046/code-block-style
-#
-# Ignore this because it conflicts with the code block style used in content
-# tabs of mkdocs-material which is to add a blank line after the content title.
-#
-# Ref: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15011#issuecomment-2544790854
-MD046: false

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-fail_fast: false
+fail_fast: true
 
 exclude: |
   (?x)^(
-    .github/workflows/release.yml|
-    crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/.*|
+    crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/.*|
     crates/red_knot_workspace/resources/.*|
     crates/ruff_linter/resources/.*|
     crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/.*/snapshots/.*|
@@ -18,17 +17,17 @@ exclude: |
 
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/abravalheri/validate-pyproject
-    rev: v0.23
+    rev: v0.19
     hooks:
       - id: validate-pyproject
 
   - repo: https://github.com/executablebooks/mdformat
-    rev: 0.7.21
+    rev: 0.7.17
     hooks:
       - id: mdformat
         additional_dependencies:
-          - mdformat-mkdocs==4.0.0
-          - mdformat-footnote==0.1.1
+          - mdformat-mkdocs
+          - mdformat-admon
         exclude: |
           (?x)^(
             docs/formatter/black\.md
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ repos:
           )$
 
   - repo: https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
-    rev: v0.43.0
+    rev: v0.41.0
     hooks:
       - id: markdownlint-fix
         exclude: |
@@ -45,21 +44,8 @@ repos:
             | docs/\w+\.md
           )$
 
-  - repo: https://github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs
-    rev: 1.19.1
-    hooks:
-      - id: blacken-docs
-        args: ["--pyi", "--line-length", "130"]
-        files: '^crates/.*/resources/mdtest/.*\.md'
-        exclude: |
-          (?x)^(
-            .*?invalid(_.+)*_syntax\.md
-          )$
-        additional_dependencies:
-          - black==24.10.0
-
   - repo: https://github.com/crate-ci/typos
-    rev: v1.29.4
+    rev: v1.23.6
     hooks:
       - id: typos
 
@@ -73,7 +59,7 @@ repos:
         pass_filenames: false # This makes it a lot faster
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.9.1
+    rev: v0.6.1
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-format
       - id: ruff
@@ -82,43 +68,11 @@ repos:
         require_serial: true
 
   # Prettier
-  - repo: https://github.com/rbubley/mirrors-prettier
-    rev: v3.4.2
+  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-prettier
+    rev: v3.1.0
     hooks:
       - id: prettier
         types: [yaml]
 
-  # zizmor detects security vulnerabilities in GitHub Actions workflows.
-  # Additional configuration for the tool is found in `.github/zizmor.yml`
-  - repo: https://github.com/woodruffw/zizmor-pre-commit
-    rev: v1.0.1
-    hooks:
-      - id: zizmor
-
-  - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-    rev: 0.31.0
-    hooks:
-      - id: check-github-workflows
-
-  # `actionlint` hook, for verifying correct syntax in GitHub Actions workflows.
-  # Some additional configuration for `actionlint` can be found in `.github/actionlint.yaml`.
-  - repo: https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint
-    rev: v1.7.6
-    hooks:
-      - id: actionlint
-        stages:
-          # This hook is disabled by default, since it's quite slow.
-          # To run all hooks *including* this hook, use `uvx pre-commit run -a --hook-stage=manual`.
-          # To run *just* this hook, use `uvx pre-commit run -a actionlint --hook-stage=manual`.
-          - manual
-        args:
-          - "-ignore=SC2129" # ignorable stylistic lint from shellcheck
-          - "-ignore=SC2016" # another shellcheck lint: seems to have false positives?
-        additional_dependencies:
-          # actionlint has a shellcheck integration which extracts shell scripts in `run:` steps from GitHub Actions
-          # and checks these with shellcheck. This is arguably its most useful feature,
-          # but the integration only works if shellcheck is installed
-          - "github.com/wasilibs/go-shellcheck/cmd/shellcheck@v0.10.0"
-
 ci:
   skip: [cargo-fmt, dev-generate-all]

BREAKING_CHANGES.md

@@ -1,47 +1,5 @@
 # Breaking Changes
 
-## 0.9.0
-
-Ruff now formats your code according to the 2025 style guide. As a result, your code might now get formatted differently. See the [changelog](./CHANGELOG.md#090) for a detailed list of changes.
-
-## 0.8.0
-
-- **Default to Python 3.9**
-
-    Ruff now defaults to Python 3.9 instead of 3.8 if no explicit Python version is configured using [`ruff.target-version`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/#target-version) or [`project.requires-python`](https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/writing-pyproject-toml/#python-requires) ([#13896](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13896))
-
-- **Changed location of `pydoclint` diagnostics**
-
-    [`pydoclint`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/#pydoclint-doc) diagnostics now point to the first-line of the problematic docstring. Previously, this was not the case.
-
-    If you've opted into these preview rules but have them suppressed using
-    [`noqa`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/linter/#error-suppression) comments in
-    some places, this change may mean that you need to move the `noqa` suppression
-    comments. Most users should be unaffected by this change.
-
-- **Use XDG (i.e. `~/.local/bin`) instead of the Cargo home directory in the standalone installer**
-
-    Previously, Ruff's installer used `$CARGO_HOME` or `~/.cargo/bin` for its target install directory. Now, Ruff will be installed into `$XDG_BIN_HOME`, `$XDG_DATA_HOME/../bin`, or `~/.local/bin` (in that order).
-
-    This change is only relevant to users of the standalone Ruff installer (using the shell or PowerShell script). If you installed Ruff using uv or pip, you should be unaffected.
-
-- **Changes to the line width calculation**
-
-    Ruff now uses a new version of the [unicode-width](https://github.com/unicode-rs/unicode-width) Rust crate to calculate the line width. In very rare cases, this may lead to lines containing Unicode characters being reformatted, or being considered too long when they were not before ([`E501`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/line-too-long/)).
-
-## 0.7.0
-
-- The pytest rules `PT001` and `PT023` now default to omitting the decorator parentheses when there are no arguments
-    ([#12838](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12838), [#13292](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13292)).
-    This was a change that we attempted to make in Ruff v0.6.0, but only partially made due to an error on our part.
-    See the [blog post](https://astral.sh/blog/ruff-v0.7.0) for more details.
-- The `useless-try-except` rule (in our `tryceratops` category) has been recoded from `TRY302` to
-    `TRY203` ([#13502](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13502)). This ensures Ruff's code is consistent with
-    the same rule in the [`tryceratops`](https://github.com/guilatrova/tryceratops) linter.
-- The `lint.allow-unused-imports` setting has been removed ([#13677](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13677)). Use
-    [`lint.pyflakes.allow-unused-imports`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/#lint_pyflakes_allowed-unused-imports)
-    instead.
-
 ## 0.6.0
 
 - Detect imports in `src` layouts by default for `isort` rules ([#12848](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12848))
@@ -196,7 +154,7 @@ flag or `unsafe-fixes` configuration option can be used to enable unsafe fixes.
 
 See the [docs](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/configuration/#fix-safety) for details.
 
-### Remove formatter-conflicting rules from the default rule set ([#7900](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/7900))
+### Remove formatter-conflicting rules from the default rule set  ([#7900](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/7900))
 
 Previously, Ruff enabled all implemented rules in Pycodestyle (`E`) by default. Ruff now only includes the
 Pycodestyle prefixes `E4`, `E7`, and `E9` to exclude rules that conflict with automatic formatters. Consequently,

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,857 +1,5 @@
 # Changelog
 
-## 0.9.2
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`airflow`\] Fix typo "security_managr" to "security_manager" (`AIR303`) ([#15463](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15463))
-- \[`airflow`\] extend and fix AIR302 rules ([#15525](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15525))
-- \[`fastapi`\] Handle parameters with `Depends` correctly (`FAST003`) ([#15364](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15364))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Implement pytest.warns diagnostics (`PT029`, `PT030`, `PT031`) ([#15444](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15444))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Test function parameters with default arguments (`PT028`) ([#15449](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15449))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Avoid false positives for `|` in `TC008` ([#15201](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15201))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-todos`\] Allow VSCode GitHub PR extension style links in `missing-todo-link` (`TD003`) ([#15519](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15519))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Show syntax error message for `F722` ([#15523](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15523))
-
-### Formatter
-
-- Fix curly bracket spacing around f-string expressions containing curly braces ([#15471](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15471))
-- Fix joining of f-strings with different quotes when using quote style `Preserve` ([#15524](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15524))
-
-### Server
-
-- Avoid indexing the same workspace multiple times ([#15495](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15495))
-- Display context for `ruff.configuration` errors ([#15452](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15452))
-
-### Configuration
-
-- Remove `flatten` to improve deserialization error messages ([#15414](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15414))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Parse triple-quoted string annotations as if parenthesized ([#15387](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15387))
-- \[`fastapi`\] Update `Annotated` fixes (`FAST002`) ([#15462](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15462))
-- \[`flake8-bandit`\] Check for `builtins` instead of `builtin` (`S102`, `PTH123`) ([#15443](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15443))
-- \[`flake8-pathlib`\] Fix `--select` for `os-path-dirname` (`PTH120`) ([#15446](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15446))
-- \[`ruff`\] Fix false positive on global keyword (`RUF052`) ([#15235](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15235))
-
-## 0.9.1
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Run `too-many-newlines-at-end-of-file` on each cell in notebooks (`W391`) ([#15308](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15308))
-- \[`ruff`\] Omit diagnostic for shadowed private function parameters in `used-dummy-variable` (`RUF052`) ([#15376](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15376))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Improve `assert-raises-exception` message (`B017`) ([#15389](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15389))
-
-### Formatter
-
-- Preserve trailing end-of line comments for the last string literal in implicitly concatenated strings ([#15378](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15378))
-
-### Server
-
-- Fix a bug where the server and client notebooks were out of sync after reordering cells ([#15398](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15398))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`flake8-pie`\] Correctly remove wrapping parentheses (`PIE800`) ([#15394](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15394))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Handle comments and multiline expressions correctly (`UP037`) ([#15337](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15337))
-
-## 0.9.0
-
-Check out the [blog post](https://astral.sh/blog/ruff-v0.9.0) for a migration guide and overview of the changes!
-
-### Breaking changes
-
-Ruff now formats your code according to the 2025 style guide. As a result, your code might now get formatted differently. See the formatter section for a detailed list of changes.
-
-This release doesn’t remove or remap any existing stable rules.
-
-### Stabilization
-
-The following rules have been stabilized and are no longer in preview:
-
-- [`stdlib-module-shadowing`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/stdlib-module-shadowing/) (`A005`).
-    This rule has also been renamed: previously, it was called `builtin-module-shadowing`.
-- [`builtin-lambda-argument-shadowing`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/builtin-lambda-argument-shadowing/) (`A006`)
-- [`slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix/) (`FURB188`)
-- [`boolean-chained-comparison`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/boolean-chained-comparison/) (`PLR1716`)
-- [`decimal-from-float-literal`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/decimal-from-float-literal/) (`RUF032`)
-- [`post-init-default`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/post-init-default/) (`RUF033`)
-- [`useless-if-else`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/useless-if-else/) (`RUF034`)
-
-The following behaviors have been stabilized:
-
-- [`pytest-parametrize-names-wrong-type`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/pytest-parametrize-names-wrong-type/) (`PT006`): Detect [`pytest.parametrize`](https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/how-to/parametrize.html#parametrize) calls outside decorators and calls with keyword arguments.
-- [`module-import-not-at-top-of-file`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/module-import-not-at-top-of-file/) (`E402`): Ignore [`pytest.importorskip`](https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/reference/reference.html#pytest-importorskip) calls between import statements.
-- [`mutable-dataclass-default`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/mutable-dataclass-default/) (`RUF008`) and [`function-call-in-dataclass-default-argument`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/function-call-in-dataclass-default-argument/) (`RUF009`): Add support for [`attrs`](https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/).
-- [`bad-version-info-comparison`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/bad-version-info-comparison/) (`PYI006`): Extend the rule to check non-stub files.
-
-The following fixes or improvements to fixes have been stabilized:
-
-- [`redundant-numeric-union`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/redundant-numeric-union/) (`PYI041`)
-- [`duplicate-union-members`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/duplicate-union-member/) (`PYI016`)
-
-### Formatter
-
-This release introduces the new 2025 stable style ([#13371](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/13371)), stabilizing the following changes:
-
-- Format expressions in f-string elements ([#7594](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/7594))
-- Alternate quotes for strings inside f-strings ([#13860](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13860))
-- Preserve the casing of hex codes in f-string debug expressions ([#14766](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/14766))
-- Choose the quote style for each string literal in an implicitly concatenated f-string rather than for the entire string ([#13539](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13539))
-- Automatically join an implicitly concatenated string into a single string literal if it fits on a single line ([#9457](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/9457))
-- Remove the [`ISC001`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/single-line-implicit-string-concatenation/) incompatibility warning ([#15123](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15123))
-- Prefer parenthesizing the `assert` message over breaking the assertion expression ([#9457](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/9457))
-- Automatically parenthesize over-long `if` guards in `match` `case` clauses ([#13513](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13513))
-- More consistent formatting for `match` `case` patterns ([#6933](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/6933))
-- Avoid unnecessary parentheses around return type annotations ([#13381](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13381))
-- Keep the opening parentheses on the same line as the `if` keyword for comprehensions where the condition has a leading comment ([#12282](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12282))
-- More consistent formatting for `with` statements with a single context manager for Python 3.8 or older ([#10276](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10276))
-- Correctly calculate the line-width for code blocks in docstrings when using `max-doc-code-line-length = "dynamic"` ([#13523](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13523))
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Implement `class-as-data-structure` (`B903`) ([#9601](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/9601))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Apply `quoted-type-alias` more eagerly in `TYPE_CHECKING` blocks and ignore it in stubs (`TC008`) ([#15180](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15180))
-- \[`pylint`\] Ignore `eq-without-hash` in stub files (`PLW1641`) ([#15310](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15310))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Split `UP007` into two individual rules: `UP007` for `Union` and `UP045` for `Optional` (`UP007`, `UP045`) ([#15313](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15313))
-- \[`ruff`\] New rule that detects classes that are both an enum and a `dataclass` (`RUF049`) ([#15299](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15299))
-- \[`ruff`\] Recode `RUF025` to `RUF037` (`RUF037`) ([#15258](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15258))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-builtins`\] Ignore [`stdlib-module-shadowing`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/stdlib-module-shadowing/) in stub files(`A005`) ([#15350](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15350))
-- \[`flake8-return`\] Add support for functions returning `typing.Never` (`RET503`) ([#15298](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15298))
-
-### Server
-
-- Improve the observability by removing the need for the ["trace" value](https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/specifications/lsp/3.17/specification/#traceValue) to turn on or off logging. The server logging is solely controlled using the [`logLevel` server setting](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/editors/settings/#loglevel)
-    which defaults to `info`. This addresses the issue where users were notified about an error and told to consult the log, but it didn’t contain any messages. ([#15232](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15232))
-- Ignore diagnostics from other sources for code action requests ([#15373](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15373))
-
-### CLI
-
-- Improve the error message for `--config key=value` when the `key` is for a table and it’s a simple `value`
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`eradicate`\] Ignore metadata blocks directly followed by normal blocks (`ERA001`) ([#15330](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15330))
-- \[`flake8-django`\] Recognize other magic methods (`DJ012`) ([#15365](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15365))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Avoid false positives related to type aliases (`E252`) ([#15356](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15356))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Avoid treating newline-separated sections as sub-sections (`D405`) ([#15311](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15311))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Remove call when removing final argument from `format` (`F523`) ([#15309](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15309))
-- \[`refurb`\] Mark fix as unsafe when the right-hand side is a string (`FURB171`) ([#15273](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15273))
-- \[`ruff`\] Treat `)` as a regex metacharacter (`RUF043`, `RUF055`) ([#15318](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15318))
-- \[`ruff`\] Parenthesize the `int`-call argument when removing the `int` call would change semantics (`RUF046`) ([#15277](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15277))
-
-## 0.8.6
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`format`\]: Preserve multiline implicit concatenated strings in docstring positions ([#15126](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15126))
-- \[`ruff`\] Add rule to detect empty literal in deque call (`RUF025`) ([#15104](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15104))
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid reporting when `ndigits` is possibly negative (`RUF057`) ([#15234](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15234))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-todos`\] remove issue code length restriction (`TD003`) ([#15175](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15175))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Ignore errors in `@no_type_check` string annotations (`F722`, `F821`) ([#15215](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15215))
-
-### CLI
-
-- Show errors for attempted fixes only when passed `--verbose` ([#15237](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15237))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid syntax error when removing int over multiple lines (`RUF046`) ([#15230](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15230))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Revert "Add all PEP-585 names to `UP006` rule" ([#15250](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15250))
-
-## 0.8.5
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`airflow`\] Extend names moved from core to provider (`AIR303`) ([#15145](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15145), [#15159](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15159), [#15196](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15196), [#15216](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15216))
-- \[`airflow`\] Extend rule to check class attributes, methods, arguments (`AIR302`) ([#15054](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15054), [#15083](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15083))
-- \[`fastapi`\] Update `FAST002` to check keyword-only arguments ([#15119](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15119))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Disable `TC006` and `TC007` in stub files ([#15179](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15179))
-- \[`pylint`\] Detect nested methods correctly (`PLW1641`) ([#15032](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15032))
-- \[`ruff`\] Detect more strict-integer expressions (`RUF046`) ([#14833](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14833))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `falsy-dict-get-fallback` (`RUF056`) ([#15160](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15160))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `unnecessary-round` (`RUF057`) ([#14828](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14828))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- Visit PEP 764 inline `TypedDict` keys as non-type-expressions ([#15073](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15073))
-- \[`flake8-comprehensions`\] Skip `C416` if comprehension contains unpacking ([#14909](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14909))
-- \[`flake8-pie`\] Allow `cast(SomeType, ...)` (`PIE796`) ([#15141](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15141))
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] More precise inference for dictionaries (`SIM300`) ([#15164](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15164))
-- \[`flake8-use-pathlib`\] Catch redundant joins in `PTH201` and avoid syntax errors ([#15177](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15177))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Preserve original value format (`E731`) ([#15097](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15097))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Split on first whitespace character (`D403`) ([#15082](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15082))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Add all PEP-585 names to `UP006` rule ([#5454](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/5454))
-
-### Configuration
-
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Improve flexibility of `runtime-evaluated-decorators` ([#15204](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15204))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Add setting to ignore missing documentation for `*args` and `**kwargs` parameters (`D417`) ([#15210](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15210))
-- \[`ruff`\] Add an allowlist for `unsafe-markup-use` (`RUF035`) ([#15076](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15076))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Fix type subscript on older python versions ([#15090](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15090))
-- Use `TypeChecker` for detecting `fastapi` routes ([#15093](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15093))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Avoid false positives and negatives related to type parameter default syntax (`E225`, `E251`) ([#15214](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15214))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Fix incorrect doc in `shebang-not-executable` (`EXE001`) and add git+windows solution to executable bit ([#15208](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15208))
-- Rename rules currently not conforming to naming convention ([#15102](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15102))
-
-## 0.8.4
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`airflow`\] Extend `AIR302` with additional functions and classes ([#15015](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15015))
-- \[`airflow`\] Implement `moved-to-provider-in-3` for modules that has been moved to Airflow providers (`AIR303`) ([#14764](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14764))
-- \[`flake8-use-pathlib`\] Extend check for invalid path suffix to include the case `"."` (`PTH210`) ([#14902](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14902))
-- \[`perflint`\] Fix panic in `PERF401` when list variable is after the `for` loop ([#14971](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14971))
-- \[`perflint`\] Simplify finding the loop target in `PERF401` ([#15025](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15025))
-- \[`pylint`\] Preserve original value format (`PLR6104`) ([#14978](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14978))
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid false positives for `RUF027` for typing context bindings ([#15037](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15037))
-- \[`ruff`\] Check for ambiguous pattern passed to `pytest.raises()` (`RUF043`) ([#14966](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14966))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-bandit`\] Check `S105` for annotated assignment ([#15059](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15059))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] More autofixes for `redundant-none-literal` (`PYI061`) ([#14872](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14872))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Skip leading whitespace for `D403` ([#14963](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14963))
-- \[`ruff`\] Skip `SQLModel` base classes for `mutable-class-default` (`RUF012`) ([#14949](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14949))
-
-### Bug
-
-- \[`perflint`\] Parenthesize walrus expressions in autofix for `manual-list-comprehension` (`PERF401`) ([#15050](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15050))
-
-### Server
-
-- Check diagnostic refresh support from client capability which enables dynamic configuration for various editors ([#15014](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/15014))
-
-## 0.8.3
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Fix fstring formatting removing overlong implicit concatenated string in expression part ([#14811](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14811))
-- \[`airflow`\] Add fix to remove deprecated keyword arguments (`AIR302`) ([#14887](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14887))
-- \[`airflow`\]: Extend rule to include deprecated names for Airflow 3.0 (`AIR302`) ([#14765](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14765) and [#14804](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14804))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Improve error messages for `except*` (`B025`, `B029`, `B030`, `B904`) ([#14815](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14815))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] `itertools.batched()` without explicit `strict` (`B911`) ([#14408](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14408))
-- \[`flake8-use-pathlib`\] Dotless suffix passed to `Path.with_suffix()` (`PTH210`) ([#14779](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14779))
-- \[`pylint`\] Include parentheses and multiple comparators in check for `boolean-chained-comparison` (`PLR1716`) ([#14781](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14781))
-- \[`ruff`\] Do not simplify `round()` calls (`RUF046`) ([#14832](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14832))
-- \[`ruff`\] Don't emit `used-dummy-variable` on function parameters (`RUF052`) ([#14818](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14818))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `if-key-in-dict-del` (`RUF051`) ([#14553](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14553))
-- \[`ruff`\] Mark autofix for `RUF052` as always unsafe ([#14824](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14824))
-- \[`ruff`\] Teach autofix for `used-dummy-variable` about TypeVars etc. (`RUF052`) ([#14819](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14819))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Offer unsafe autofix for `no-explicit-stacklevel` (`B028`) ([#14829](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14829))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Skip all type definitions in `string-or-bytes-too-long` (`PYI053`) ([#14797](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14797))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Do not report when a UTF-8 comment is followed by a non-UTF-8 one (`UP009`) ([#14728](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14728))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Mark fixes for `convert-typed-dict-functional-to-class` and `convert-named-tuple-functional-to-class` as unsafe if they will remove comments (`UP013`, `UP014`) ([#14842](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14842))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Raise syntax error for mixing `except` and `except*` ([#14895](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14895))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Fix `B028` to allow `stacklevel` to be explicitly assigned as a positional argument ([#14868](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14868))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Skip `B028` if `warnings.warn` is called with `*args` or `**kwargs` ([#14870](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14870))
-- \[`flake8-comprehensions`\] Skip iterables with named expressions in `unnecessary-map` (`C417`) ([#14827](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14827))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Also remove `self` and `cls`'s annotation (`PYI034`) ([#14801](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14801))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Fix `pytest-parametrize-names-wrong-type` (`PT006`) to edit both `argnames` and `argvalues` if both of them are single-element tuples/lists ([#14699](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14699))
-- \[`perflint`\] Improve autofix for `PERF401` ([#14369](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14369))
-- \[`pylint`\] Fix `PLW1508` false positive for default string created via a mult operation ([#14841](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14841))
-
-## 0.8.2
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`airflow`\] Avoid deprecated values (`AIR302`) ([#14582](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14582))
-- \[`airflow`\] Extend removed names for `AIR302` ([#14734](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14734))
-- \[`ruff`\] Extend `unnecessary-regular-expression` to non-literal strings (`RUF055`) ([#14679](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14679))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `used-dummy-variable` (`RUF052`) ([#14611](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14611))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `unnecessary-cast-to-int` (`RUF046`) ([#14697](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14697))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`airflow`\] Check `AIR001` from builtin or providers `operators` module ([#14631](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14631))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Remove `@` in `pytest.mark.parametrize` rule messages ([#14770](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14770))
-- \[`pandas-vet`\] Skip rules if the `panda` module hasn't been seen ([#14671](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14671))
-- \[`pylint`\] Fix false negatives for `ascii` and `sorted` in `len-as-condition` (`PLC1802`) ([#14692](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14692))
-- \[`refurb`\] Guard `hashlib` imports and mark `hashlib-digest-hex` fix as safe (`FURB181`) ([#14694](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14694))
-
-### Configuration
-
-- \[`flake8-import-conventions`\] Improve syntax check for aliases supplied in configuration for `unconventional-import-alias` (`ICN001`) ([#14745](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14745))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Revert: [pyflakes] Avoid false positives in `@no_type_check` contexts (`F821`, `F722`) (#14615) ([#14726](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14726))
-- \[`pep8-naming`\] Avoid false positive for `class Bar(type(foo))` (`N804`) ([#14683](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14683))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Handle f-strings properly for `invalid-escape-sequence` (`W605`) ([#14748](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14748))
-- \[`pylint`\] Ignore `@overload` in `PLR0904` ([#14730](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14730))
-- \[`refurb`\] Handle non-finite decimals in `verbose-decimal-constructor` (`FURB157`) ([#14596](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14596))
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid emitting `assignment-in-assert` when all references to the assigned variable are themselves inside `assert`s (`RUF018`) ([#14661](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14661))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Improve docs for `flake8-use-pathlib` rules ([#14741](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14741))
-- Improve error messages and docs for `flake8-comprehensions` rules ([#14729](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14729))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Expands `TC006` docs to better explain itself ([#14749](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14749))
-
-## 0.8.1
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Formatter: Avoid invalid syntax for format-spec with quotes for all Python versions ([#14625](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14625))
-- Formatter: Consider quotes inside format-specs when choosing the quotes for an f-string ([#14493](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14493))
-- Formatter: Do not consider f-strings with escaped newlines as multiline ([#14624](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14624))
-- Formatter: Fix f-string formatting in assignment statement ([#14454](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14454))
-- Formatter: Fix unnecessary space around power operator (`**`) in overlong f-string expressions ([#14489](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14489))
-- \[`airflow`\] Avoid implicit `schedule` argument to `DAG` and `@dag` (`AIR301`) ([#14581](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14581))
-- \[`flake8-builtins`\] Exempt private built-in modules (`A005`) ([#14505](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14505))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Fix `pytest.mark.parametrize` rules to check calls instead of decorators ([#14515](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14515))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Implement `runtime-cast-value` (`TC006`) ([#14511](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14511))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Implement `unquoted-type-alias` (`TC007`) and `quoted-type-alias` (`TC008`) ([#12927](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12927))
-- \[`flake8-use-pathlib`\] Recommend `Path.iterdir()` over `os.listdir()` (`PTH208`) ([#14509](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14509))
-- \[`pylint`\] Extend `invalid-envvar-default` to detect `os.environ.get` (`PLW1508`) ([#14512](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14512))
-- \[`pylint`\] Implement `len-test` (`PLC1802`) ([#14309](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14309))
-- \[`refurb`\] Fix bug where methods defined using lambdas were flagged by `FURB118` ([#14639](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14639))
-- \[`ruff`\] Auto-add `r` prefix when string has no backslashes for `unraw-re-pattern` (`RUF039`) ([#14536](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14536))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `invalid-assert-message-literal-argument` (`RUF040`) ([#14488](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14488))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `unnecessary-nested-literal` (`RUF041`) ([#14323](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14323))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `unnecessary-regular-expression` (`RUF055`) ([#14659](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14659))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- Ignore more rules for stub files ([#14541](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14541))
-- \[`pep8-naming`\] Eliminate false positives for single-letter names (`N811`, `N814`) ([#14584](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14584))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Avoid false positives in `@no_type_check` contexts (`F821`, `F722`) ([#14615](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14615))
-- \[`ruff`\] Detect redirected-noqa in file-level comments (`RUF101`) ([#14635](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14635))
-- \[`ruff`\] Mark fixes for `unsorted-dunder-all` and `unsorted-dunder-slots` as unsafe when there are complex comments in the sequence (`RUF022`, `RUF023`) ([#14560](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14560))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Avoid fixing code to `None | None` for `redundant-none-literal` (`PYI061`) and `never-union` (`RUF020`) ([#14583](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14583), [#14589](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14589))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Fix `mutable-contextvar-default` to resolve annotated function calls properly (`B039`) ([#14532](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14532))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`, `ruff`\] Fix traversal of nested literals and unions (`PYI016`, `PYI051`, `PYI055`, `PYI062`, `RUF041`) ([#14641](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14641))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Avoid rewriting invalid type expressions in `unnecessary-type-union` (`PYI055`) ([#14660](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14660))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Avoid syntax errors and type checking problem for quoted annotations autofix (`TC003`, `TC006`) ([#14634](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14634))
-- \[`pylint`\] Do not wrap function calls in parentheses in the fix for unnecessary-dunder-call (`PLC2801`) ([#14601](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14601))
-- \[`ruff`\] Handle `attrs`'s `auto_attribs` correctly (`RUF009`) ([#14520](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14520))
-
-## 0.8.0
-
-Check out the [blog post](https://astral.sh/blog/ruff-v0.8.0) for a migration guide and overview of the changes!
-
-### Breaking changes
-
-See also, the "Remapped rules" section which may result in disabled rules.
-
-- **Default to Python 3.9**
-
-    Ruff now defaults to Python 3.9 instead of 3.8 if no explicit Python version is configured using [`ruff.target-version`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/#target-version) or [`project.requires-python`](https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/writing-pyproject-toml/#python-requires) ([#13896](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13896))
-
-- **Changed location of `pydoclint` diagnostics**
-
-    [`pydoclint`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/#pydoclint-doc) diagnostics now point to the first-line of the problematic docstring. Previously, this was not the case.
-
-    If you've opted into these preview rules but have them suppressed using
-    [`noqa`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/linter/#error-suppression) comments in
-    some places, this change may mean that you need to move the `noqa` suppression
-    comments. Most users should be unaffected by this change.
-
-- **Use XDG (i.e. `~/.local/bin`) instead of the Cargo home directory in the standalone installer**
-
-    Previously, Ruff's installer used `$CARGO_HOME` or `~/.cargo/bin` for its target install directory. Now, Ruff will be installed into `$XDG_BIN_HOME`, `$XDG_DATA_HOME/../bin`, or `~/.local/bin` (in that order).
-
-    This change is only relevant to users of the standalone Ruff installer (using the shell or PowerShell script). If you installed Ruff using uv or pip, you should be unaffected.
-
-- **Changes to the line width calculation**
-
-    Ruff now uses a new version of the [unicode-width](https://github.com/unicode-rs/unicode-width) Rust crate to calculate the line width. In very rare cases, this may lead to lines containing Unicode characters being reformatted, or being considered too long when they were not before ([`E501`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/line-too-long/)).
-
-### Removed Rules
-
-The following deprecated rules have been removed:
-
-- [`missing-type-self`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/missing-type-self/) (`ANN101`)
-- [`missing-type-cls`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/missing-type-cls/) (`ANN102`)
-- [`syntax-error`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/syntax-error/) (`E999`)
-- [`pytest-missing-fixture-name-underscore`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/pytest-missing-fixture-name-underscore/) (`PT004`)
-- [`pytest-incorrect-fixture-name-underscore`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/pytest-incorrect-fixture-name-underscore/) (`PT005`)
-- [`unpacked-list-comprehension`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/unpacked-list-comprehension/) (`UP027`)
-
-### Remapped rules
-
-The following rules have been remapped to new rule codes:
-
-- [`flake8-type-checking`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/#flake8-type-checking-tc): `TCH` to `TC`
-
-### Stabilization
-
-The following rules have been stabilized and are no longer in preview:
-
-- [`builtin-import-shadowing`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/builtin-import-shadowing/) (`A004`)
-- [`mutable-contextvar-default`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/mutable-contextvar-default/) (`B039`)
-- [`fast-api-redundant-response-model`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/fast-api-redundant-response-model/) (`FAST001`)
-- [`fast-api-non-annotated-dependency`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/fast-api-non-annotated-dependency/) (`FAST002`)
-- [`dict-index-missing-items`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/dict-index-missing-items/) (`PLC0206`)
-- [`pep484-style-positional-only-parameter`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/pep484-style-positional-only-parameter/) (`PYI063`)
-- [`redundant-final-literal`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/redundant-final-literal/) (`PYI064`)
-- [`bad-version-info-order`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/bad-version-info-order/) (`PYI066`)
-- [`parenthesize-chained-operators`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/parenthesize-chained-operators/) (`RUF021`)
-- [`unsorted-dunder-all`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/unsorted-dunder-all/) (`RUF022`)
-- [`unsorted-dunder-slots`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/unsorted-dunder-slots/) (`RUF023`)
-- [`assert-with-print-message`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/assert-with-print-message/) (`RUF030`)
-- [`unnecessary-default-type-args`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/unnecessary-default-type-args/) (`UP043`)
-
-The following behaviors have been stabilized:
-
-- [`ambiguous-variable-name`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/ambiguous-variable-name/) (`E741`): Violations in stub files are now ignored. Stub authors typically don't control variable names.
-- [`printf-string-formatting`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/printf-string-formatting/) (`UP031`): Report all `printf`-like usages even if no autofix is available
-
-The following fixes have been stabilized:
-
-- [`zip-instead-of-pairwise`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/zip-instead-of-pairwise/) (`RUF007`)
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-datetimez`\] Exempt `min.time()` and `max.time()` (`DTZ901`) ([#14394](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14394))
-- \[`flake8-pie`\] Mark fix as unsafe if the following statement is a string literal (`PIE790`) ([#14393](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14393))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] New rule `redundant-none-literal` (`PYI061`) ([#14316](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14316))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Add autofix for `redundant-numeric-union` (`PYI041`) ([#14273](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14273))
-- \[`ruff`\] New rule `map-int-version-parsing` (`RUF048`) ([#14373](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14373))
-- \[`ruff`\] New rule `redundant-bool-literal` (`RUF038`) ([#14319](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14319))
-- \[`ruff`\] New rule `unraw-re-pattern` (`RUF039`) ([#14446](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14446))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Exempt `pytest.importorskip()` calls (`E402`) ([#14474](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14474))
-- \[`pylint`\] Autofix suggests using sets when possible (`PLR1714`) ([#14372](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14372))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- [`invalid-pyproject-toml`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/invalid-pyproject-toml/) (`RUF200`): Updated to reflect the provisionally accepted [PEP 639](https://peps.python.org/pep-0639/).
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Avoid panic in unfixable case (`PYI041`) ([#14402](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14402))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Correctly handle quotes in subscript expression when generating an autofix ([#14371](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14371))
-- \[`pylint`\] Suggest correct autofix for `__contains__` (`PLC2801`) ([#14424](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14424))
-
-### Configuration
-
-- Ruff now emits a warning instead of an error when a configuration [`ignore`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/#lint_ignore)s a rule that has been removed ([#14435](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14435))
-- Ruff now validates that `lint.flake8-import-conventions.aliases` only uses valid module names and aliases ([#14477](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14477))
-
-## 0.7.4
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-datetimez`\] Detect usages of `datetime.max`/`datetime.min` (`DTZ901`) ([#14288](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14288))
-- \[`flake8-logging`\] Implement `root-logger-calls` (`LOG015`) ([#14302](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14302))
-- \[`flake8-no-pep420`\] Detect empty implicit namespace packages (`INP001`) ([#14236](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14236))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Add "replace with `Self`" fix (`PYI019`) ([#14238](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14238))
-- \[`perflint`\] Implement quick-fix for `manual-list-comprehension` (`PERF401`) ([#13919](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13919))
-- \[`pylint`\] Implement `shallow-copy-environ` (`W1507`) ([#14241](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14241))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `none-not-at-end-of-union` (`RUF036`) ([#14314](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14314))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implementation `unsafe-markup-call` from `flake8-markupsafe` plugin (`RUF035`) ([#14224](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14224))
-- \[`ruff`\] Report problems for `attrs` dataclasses (`RUF008`, `RUF009`) ([#14327](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14327))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-boolean-trap`\] Exclude dunder methods that define operators (`FBT001`) ([#14203](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14203))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Add "replace with `Self`" fix (`PYI034`) ([#14217](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14217))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Always autofix `duplicate-union-members` (`PYI016`) ([#14270](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14270))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Improve autofix for nested and mixed type unions for `unnecessary-type-union` (`PYI055`) ([#14272](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14272))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Mark fix as unsafe when type annotation contains comments for `duplicate-literal-member` (`PYI062`) ([#14268](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14268))
-
-### Server
-
-- Use the current working directory to resolve settings from `ruff.configuration` ([#14352](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14352))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Avoid conflicts between `PLC014` (`useless-import-alias`) and `I002` (`missing-required-import`) by considering `lint.isort.required-imports` for `PLC014` ([#14287](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14287))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Skip quoting annotation if it becomes invalid syntax (`TCH001`)
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Avoid using `typing.Self` in stub files pre-Python 3.11 (`PYI034`) ([#14230](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14230))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Flag `pytest.raises` call with keyword argument `expected_exception` (`PT011`) ([#14298](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14298))
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Infer "unknown" truthiness for literal iterables whose items are all unpacks (`SIM222`) ([#14263](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14263))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Fix false positives for `typing.Annotated` (`TCH001`) ([#14311](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14311))
-- \[`pylint`\] Allow `await` at the top-level scope of a notebook (`PLE1142`) ([#14225](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14225))
-- \[`pylint`\] Fix miscellaneous issues in `await-outside-async` detection (`PLE1142`) ([#14218](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14218))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Avoid applying PEP 646 rewrites in invalid contexts (`UP044`) ([#14234](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14234))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Detect permutations in redundant open modes (`UP015`) ([#14255](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14255))
-- \[`refurb`\] Avoid triggering `hardcoded-string-charset` for reordered sets (`FURB156`) ([#14233](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14233))
-- \[`refurb`\] Further special cases added to `verbose-decimal-constructor` (`FURB157`) ([#14216](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14216))
-- \[`refurb`\] Use `UserString` instead of non-existent `UserStr` (`FURB189`) ([#14209](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14209))
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid treating lowercase letters as `# noqa` codes (`RUF100`) ([#14229](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14229))
-- \[`ruff`\] Do not report when `Optional` has no type arguments (`RUF013`) ([#14181](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14181))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Add "Notebook behavior" section for `F704`, `PLE1142` ([#14266](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14266))
-- Document comment policy around fix safety ([#14300](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14300))
-
-## 0.7.3
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Formatter: Disallow single-line implicit concatenated strings ([#13928](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13928))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Include all Python file types for `PYI006` and `PYI066` ([#14059](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14059))
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Implement `split-of-static-string` (`SIM905`) ([#14008](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14008))
-- \[`refurb`\] Implement `subclass-builtin` (`FURB189`) ([#14105](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14105))
-- \[`ruff`\] Improve diagnostic messages and docs (`RUF031`, `RUF032`, `RUF034`) ([#14068](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14068))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- Detect items that hash to same value in duplicate sets (`B033`, `PLC0208`) ([#14064](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14064))
-- \[`eradicate`\] Better detection of IntelliJ language injection comments (`ERA001`) ([#14094](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14094))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Add autofix for `docstring-in-stub` (`PYI021`) ([#14150](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14150))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Update `duplicate-literal-member` (`PYI062`) to alawys provide an autofix ([#14188](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14188))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Detect items that hash to same value in duplicate dictionaries (`F601`) ([#14065](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14065))
-- \[`ruff`\] Fix false positive for decorators (`RUF028`) ([#14061](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14061))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Avoid parsing joint rule codes as distinct codes in `# noqa` ([#12809](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12809))
-- \[`eradicate`\] ignore `# language=` in commented-out-code rule (ERA001) ([#14069](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14069))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] - do not run `mutable-argument-default` on stubs (`B006`) ([#14058](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14058))
-- \[`flake8-builtins`\] Skip lambda expressions in `builtin-argument-shadowing (A002)` ([#14144](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14144))
-- \[`flake8-comprehension`\] Also remove trailing comma while fixing `C409` and `C419` ([#14097](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14097))
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Allow `open` without context manager in `return` statement (`SIM115`) ([#14066](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14066))
-- \[`pylint`\] Respect hash-equivalent literals in `iteration-over-set` (`PLC0208`) ([#14063](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14063))
-- \[`pylint`\] Update known dunder methods for Python 3.13 (`PLW3201`) ([#14146](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14146))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] - ignore kwarg unpacking for `UP044` ([#14053](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14053))
-- \[`refurb`\] Parse more exotic decimal strings in `verbose-decimal-constructor` (`FURB157`) ([#14098](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14098))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Add links to missing related options within rule documentations ([#13971](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13971))
-- Add rule short code to mkdocs tags to allow searching via rule codes ([#14040](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14040))
-
-## 0.7.2
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Fix formatting of single with-item with trailing comment ([#14005](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14005))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Add PEP 646 `Unpack` conversion to `*` with fix (`UP044`) ([#13988](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13988))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- Regenerate `known_stdlibs.rs` with stdlibs 2024.10.25 ([#13963](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13963))
-- \[`flake8-no-pep420`\] Skip namespace package enforcement for PEP 723 scripts (`INP001`) ([#13974](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13974))
-
-### Server
-
-- Fix server panic when undoing an edit ([#14010](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14010))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Fix issues in discovering ruff in pip build environments ([#13881](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13881))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Fix false positive for `singledispatchmethod` (`TCH003`) ([#13941](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13941))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Treat return type of `singledispatch` as runtime-required (`TCH003`) ([#13957](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13957))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Include caveats of enabling `if-else-block-instead-of-if-exp` (`SIM108`) ([#14019](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/14019))
-
-## 0.7.1
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Fix `E221` and `E222` to flag missing or extra whitespace around `==` operator ([#13890](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13890))
-- Formatter: Alternate quotes for strings inside f-strings in preview ([#13860](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13860))
-- Formatter: Join implicit concatenated strings when they fit on a line ([#13663](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13663))
-- \[`pylint`\] Restrict `iteration-over-set` to only work on sets of literals (`PLC0208`) ([#13731](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13731))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Support auto-quoting when annotations contain quotes ([#11811](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11811))
-
-### Server
-
-- Avoid indexing the workspace for single-file mode ([#13770](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13770))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Make `ARG002` compatible with `EM101` when raising `NotImplementedError` ([#13714](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13714))
-
-### Other changes
-
-- Introduce more Docker tags for Ruff (similar to uv) ([#13274](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13274))
-
-## 0.7.0
-
-Check out the [blog post](https://astral.sh/blog/ruff-v0.7.0) for a migration guide and overview of the changes!
-
-### Breaking changes
-
-- The pytest rules `PT001` and `PT023` now default to omitting the decorator parentheses when there are no arguments
-    ([#12838](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12838), [#13292](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13292)).
-    This was a change that we attempted to make in Ruff v0.6.0, but only partially made due to an error on our part.
-    See the [blog post](https://astral.sh/blog/ruff-v0.7.0) for more details.
-- The `useless-try-except` rule (in our `tryceratops` category) has been recoded from `TRY302` to
-    `TRY203` ([#13502](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13502)). This ensures Ruff's code is consistent with
-    the same rule in the [`tryceratops`](https://github.com/guilatrova/tryceratops) linter.
-- The `lint.allow-unused-imports` setting has been removed ([#13677](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13677)). Use
-    [`lint.pyflakes.allow-unused-imports`](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/#lint_pyflakes_allowed-unused-imports)
-    instead.
-
-### Formatter preview style
-
-- Normalize implicit concatenated f-string quotes per part ([#13539](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13539))
-
-### Preview linter features
-
-- \[`refurb`\] implement `hardcoded-string-charset` (FURB156) ([#13530](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13530))
-- \[`refurb`\] Count codepoints not bytes for `slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix (FURB188)` ([#13631](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13631))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`pylint`\] Mark `PLE1141` fix as unsafe ([#13629](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13629))
-- \[`flake8-async`\] Consider async generators to be "checkpoints" for `cancel-scope-no-checkpoint` (`ASYNC100`) ([#13639](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13639))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Do not suggest setting parameter `strict=` to `False` in `B905` diagnostic message ([#13656](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13656))
-- \[`flake8-todos`\] Only flag the word "TODO", not words starting with "todo" (`TD006`) ([#13640](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13640))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Fix whitespace-related false positives and false negatives inside type-parameter lists (`E231`, `E251`) ([#13704](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13704))
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Stabilize preview behavior for `SIM115` so that the rule can detect files
-    being opened from a wider range of standard-library functions ([#12959](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12959)).
-
-### CLI
-
-- Add explanation of fixable in `--statistics` command ([#13774](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13774))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Allow `ipytest` cell magic (`F401`) ([#13745](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13745))
-- \[`flake8-use-pathlib`\] Fix `PTH123` false positive when `open` is passed a file descriptor ([#13616](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13616))
-- \[`flake8-bandit`\] Detect patterns from multi line SQL statements (`S608`) ([#13574](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13574))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] - Fix dropped expressions in `PYI030` autofix ([#13727](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13727))
-
-## 0.6.9
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Fix codeblock dynamic line length calculation for indented docstring examples ([#13523](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13523))
-- \[`refurb`\] Mark `FURB118` fix as unsafe ([#13613](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13613))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Don't raise `D208` when last line is non-empty ([#13372](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13372))
-- \[`pylint`\] Preserve trivia (i.e. comments) in `PLR5501` autofix ([#13573](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13573))
-
-### Configuration
-
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Add `allow-unused-imports` setting for `unused-import` rule (`F401`) ([#13601](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13601))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Support ruff discovery in pip build environments ([#13591](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13591))
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Avoid short circuiting `B017` for multiple context managers ([#13609](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13609))
-- \[`pylint`\] Do not offer an invalid fix for `PLR1716` when the comparisons contain parenthesis ([#13527](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13527))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Fix `UP043` to apply to `collections.abc.Generator` and `collections.abc.AsyncGenerator` ([#13611](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13611))
-- \[`refurb`\] Fix handling of slices in tuples for `FURB118`, e.g., `x[:, 1]` ([#13518](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13518))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Update GitHub Action link to `astral-sh/ruff-action` ([#13551](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13551))
-
-## 0.6.8
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Remove unnecessary parentheses around `match case` clauses ([#13510](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13510))
-- Parenthesize overlong `if` guards in `match..case` clauses ([#13513](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13513))
-- Detect basic wildcard imports in `ruff analyze graph` ([#13486](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13486))
-- \[`pylint`\] Implement `boolean-chained-comparison` (`R1716`) ([#13435](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13435))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`lake8-simplify`\] Detect `SIM910` when using variadic keyword arguments, i.e., `**kwargs` ([#13503](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13503))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Avoid false negatives with non-reference shadowed bindings of loop variables (`UP028`) ([#13504](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13504))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Detect tuples bound to variadic positional arguments i.e. `*args` ([#13512](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13512))
-- Exit gracefully on broken pipe errors ([#13485](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13485))
-- Avoid panic when analyze graph hits broken pipe ([#13484](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13484))
-
-### Performance
-
-- Reuse `BTreeSets` in module resolver ([#13440](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13440))
-- Skip traversal for non-compound statements ([#13441](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13441))
-
-## 0.6.7
-
-### Preview features
-
-- Add Python version support to ruff analyze CLI ([#13426](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13426))
-- Add `exclude` support to `ruff analyze` ([#13425](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13425))
-- Fix parentheses around return type annotations ([#13381](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13381))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Fix: Don't autofix if the first line ends in a question mark? (D400) ([#13399](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13399))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- Respect `lint.exclude` in ruff check `--add-noqa` ([#13427](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13427))
-
-### Performance
-
-- Avoid tracking module resolver files in Salsa ([#13437](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13437))
-- Use `forget` for module resolver database ([#13438](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13438))
-
-## 0.6.6
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`refurb`\] Skip `slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix` (`FURB188`) when non-trivial slice steps are present ([#13405](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13405))
-- Add a subcommand to generate dependency graphs ([#13402](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13402))
-
-### Formatter
-
-- Fix placement of inline parameter comments ([#13379](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13379))
-
-### Server
-
-- Fix off-by one error in the `LineIndex::offset` calculation ([#13407](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13407))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`fastapi`\] Respect FastAPI aliases in route definitions ([#13394](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13394))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Respect word boundaries when detecting function signature in docs ([#13388](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13388))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Add backlinks to rule overview linter ([#13368](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13368))
-- Fix documentation for editor vim plugin ALE ([#13348](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13348))
-- Fix rendering of `FURB188` docs ([#13406](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13406))
-
-## 0.6.5
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`pydoclint`\] Ignore `DOC201` when function name is "**new**" ([#13300](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13300))
-- \[`refurb`\] Implement `slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix` (`FURB188`) ([#13256](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13256))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`eradicate`\] Ignore script-comments with multiple end-tags (`ERA001`) ([#13283](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13283))
-- \[`pyflakes`\] Improve error message for `UndefinedName` when a builtin was added in a newer version than specified in Ruff config (`F821`) ([#13293](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13293))
-
-### Server
-
-- Add support for extensionless Python files for server ([#13326](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13326))
-- Fix configuration inheritance for configurations specified in the LSP settings ([#13285](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13285))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`ruff`\] Handle unary operators in `decimal-from-float-literal` (`RUF032`) ([#13275](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13275))
-
-### CLI
-
-- Only include rules with diagnostics in SARIF metadata ([#13268](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13268))
-
-### Playground
-
-- Add "Copy as pyproject.toml/ruff.toml" and "Paste from TOML" ([#13328](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13328))
-- Fix errors not shown for restored snippet on page load ([#13262](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13262))
-
-## 0.6.4
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-builtins`\] Use dynamic builtins list based on Python version ([#13172](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13172))
-- \[`pydoclint`\] Permit yielding `None` in `DOC402` and `DOC403` ([#13148](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13148))
-- \[`pylint`\] Update diagnostic message for `PLW3201` ([#13194](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13194))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement `post-init-default` (`RUF033`) ([#13192](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13192))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement useless if-else (`RUF034`) ([#13218](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13218))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Respect `pep8_naming.classmethod-decorators` settings when determining if a method is a classmethod in `custom-type-var-return-type` (`PYI019`) ([#13162](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13162))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Teach various rules that annotations might be stringized ([#12951](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12951))
-- \[`pylint`\] Avoid `no-self-use` for `attrs`-style validators ([#13166](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13166))
-- \[`pylint`\] Recurse into subscript subexpressions when searching for list/dict lookups (`PLR1733`, `PLR1736`) ([#13186](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13186))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Detect `aiofiles.open` calls in `UP015` ([#13173](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13173))
-- \[`pyupgrade`\] Mark `sys.version_info[0] < 3` and similar comparisons as outdated (`UP036`) ([#13175](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13175))
-
-### CLI
-
-- Enrich messages of SARIF results ([#13180](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13180))
-- Handle singular case for incompatible rules warning in `ruff format` output ([#13212](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13212))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Improve heuristics for detecting Google-style docstrings ([#13142](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13142))
-- \[`refurb`\] Treat `sep` arguments with effects as unsafe removals (`FURB105`) ([#13165](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13165))
-
-## 0.6.3
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Extend `open-file-with-context-handler` to work with `dbm.sqlite3` (`SIM115`) ([#13104](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13104))
-- \[`pycodestyle`\] Disable `E741` in stub files (`.pyi`) ([#13119](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13119))
-- \[`pydoclint`\] Avoid `DOC201` on explicit returns in functions that only return `None` ([#13064](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13064))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-async`\] Disable check for `asyncio` before Python 3.11 (`ASYNC109`) ([#13023](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13023))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`FastAPI`\] Avoid introducing invalid syntax in fix for `fast-api-non-annotated-dependency` (`FAST002`) ([#13133](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13133))
-- \[`flake8-implicit-str-concat`\] Normalize octals before merging concatenated strings in `single-line-implicit-string-concatenation` (`ISC001`) ([#13118](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13118))
-- \[`flake8-pytest-style`\] Improve help message for `pytest-incorrect-mark-parentheses-style` (`PT023`) ([#13092](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13092))
-- \[`pylint`\] Avoid autofix for calls that aren't `min` or `max` as starred expression (`PLW3301`) ([#13089](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13089))
-- \[`ruff`\] Add `datetime.time`, `datetime.tzinfo`, and `datetime.timezone` as immutable function calls (`RUF009`) ([#13109](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13109))
-- \[`ruff`\] Extend comment deletion for `RUF100` to include trailing text from `noqa` directives while preserving any following comments on the same line, if any ([#13105](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13105))
-- Fix dark theme on initial page load for the Ruff playground ([#13077](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13077))
-
-## 0.6.2
-
-### Preview features
-
-- \[`flake8-simplify`\] Extend `open-file-with-context-handler` to work with other standard-library IO modules (`SIM115`) ([#12959](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12959))
-- \[`ruff`\] Avoid `unused-async` for functions with FastAPI route decorator (`RUF029`) ([#12938](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12938))
-- \[`ruff`\] Ignore `fstring-missing-syntax` (`RUF027`) for `fastAPI` paths ([#12939](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12939))
-- \[`ruff`\] Implement check for Decimal called with a float literal (RUF032) ([#12909](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12909))
-
-### Rule changes
-
-- \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Update diagnostic message when expression is at the end of function (`B015`) ([#12944](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12944))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Skip type annotations in `string-or-bytes-too-long` (`PYI053`) ([#13002](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13002))
-- \[`flake8-type-checking`\] Always recognise relative imports as first-party ([#12994](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12994))
-- \[`flake8-unused-arguments`\] Ignore unused arguments on stub functions (`ARG001`) ([#12966](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12966))
-- \[`pylint`\] Ignore augmented assignment for `self-cls-assignment` (`PLW0642`) ([#12957](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12957))
-
-### Server
-
-- Show full context in error log messages ([#13029](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13029))
-
-### Bug fixes
-
-- \[`pep8-naming`\] Don't flag `from` imports following conventional import names (`N817`) ([#12946](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12946))
-- \[`pylint`\] - Allow `__new__` methods to have `cls` as their first argument even if decorated with `@staticmethod` for `bad-staticmethod-argument` (`PLW0211`) ([#12958](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12958))
-
-### Documentation
-
-- Add `hyperfine` installation instructions; update `hyperfine` code samples ([#13034](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13034))
-- Expand note to use Ruff with other language server in Kate ([#12806](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12806))
-- Update example for `PT001` as per the new default behavior ([#13019](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/13019))
-- \[`perflint`\] Improve docs for `try-except-in-loop` (`PERF203`) ([#12947](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12947))
-- \[`pydocstyle`\] Add reference to `lint.pydocstyle.ignore-decorators` setting to rule docs ([#12996](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/12996))
-
 ## 0.6.1
 
 This is a hotfix release to address an issue with `ruff-pre-commit`. In v0.6,
@@ -1431,7 +579,7 @@ The following deprecated CLI commands have been removed:
 ### Preview features
 
 - \[`flake8-bugbear`\] Implement `return-in-generator` (`B901`) ([#11644](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11644))
-- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Implement `pep484-style-positional-only-parameter` (`PYI063`) ([#11699](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11699))
+- \[`flake8-pyi`\] Implement `PYI063` ([#11699](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11699))
 - \[`pygrep_hooks`\] Check blanket ignores via file-level pragmas (`PGH004`) ([#11540](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11540))
 
 ### Rule changes
@@ -1585,7 +733,7 @@ To read more about this exciting milestone, check out our [blog post](https://as
 ### Preview features
 
 - \[`pycodestyle`\] Ignore end-of-line comments when determining blank line rules ([#11342](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11342))
-- \[`pylint`\] Detect `pathlib.Path.open` calls in `unspecified-encoding` (`PLW1514`) ([#11288](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11288))
+- \[`pylint`\] Detect `pathlib.Path.open` calls in `unspecified-encoding` (`PLW1514`)  ([#11288](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11288))
 - \[`flake8-pyi`\] Implement `PYI059` (`generic-not-last-base-class`) ([#11233](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11233))
 - \[`flake8-pyi`\] Implement `PYI062` (`duplicate-literal-member`) ([#11269](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/11269))
 
@@ -1960,7 +1108,7 @@ To setup `ruff server` with your editor, refer to the [README.md](https://github
 - \[`pycodestyle`\] Do not ignore lines before the first logical line in blank lines rules. ([#10382](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10382))
 - \[`pycodestyle`\] Do not trigger `E225` and `E275` when the next token is a ')' ([#10315](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10315))
 - \[`pylint`\] Avoid false-positive slot non-assignment for `__dict__` (`PLE0237`) ([#10348](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10348))
-- Gate f-string struct size test for Rustc < 1.76 ([#10371](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10371))
+- Gate f-string struct size test for Rustc \< 1.76 ([#10371](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/10371))
 
 ### Documentation
 

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -29,14 +29,16 @@ You'll also need [Insta](https://insta.rs/docs/) to update snapshot tests:
 cargo install cargo-insta
 ```
 
-You'll need [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/) (or `pipx` and `pip`) to
-run Python utility commands.
+And you'll need pre-commit to run some validation checks:
+
+```shell
+pipx install pre-commit  # or `pip install pre-commit` if you have a virtualenv
+```
 
 You can optionally install pre-commit hooks to automatically run the validation checks
 when making a commit:
 
 ```shell
-uv tool install pre-commit
 pre-commit install
 ```
 
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ and that it passes both the lint and test validation checks:
 ```shell
 cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings  # Rust linting
 RUFF_UPDATE_SCHEMA=1 cargo test  # Rust testing and updating ruff.schema.json
-uvx pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure  # Rust and Python formatting, Markdown and Python linting, etc.
+pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure  # Rust and Python formatting, Markdown and Python linting, etc.
 ```
 
 These checks will run on GitHub Actions when you open your pull request, but running them locally
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ At a high level, the steps involved in adding a new lint rule are as follows:
 1. Create a file for your rule (e.g., `crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bugbear/rules/assert_false.rs`).
 
 1. In that file, define a violation struct (e.g., `pub struct AssertFalse`). You can grep for
-    `#[derive(ViolationMetadata)]` to see examples.
+    `#[violation]` to see examples.
 
 1. In that file, define a function that adds the violation to the diagnostic list as appropriate
     (e.g., `pub(crate) fn assert_false`) based on whatever inputs are required for the rule (e.g.,
@@ -265,20 +267,26 @@ To preview any changes to the documentation locally:
 
 1. Install the [Rust toolchain](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install).
 
+1. Install MkDocs and Material for MkDocs with:
+
+    ```shell
+    pip install -r docs/requirements.txt
+    ```
+
 1. Generate the MkDocs site with:
 
     ```shell
-    uv run --no-project --isolated --with-requirements docs/requirements.txt scripts/generate_mkdocs.py
+    python scripts/generate_mkdocs.py
     ```
 
 1. Run the development server with:
 
     ```shell
     # For contributors.
-    uvx --with-requirements docs/requirements.txt -- mkdocs serve -f mkdocs.public.yml
+    mkdocs serve -f mkdocs.public.yml
 
     # For members of the Astral org, which has access to MkDocs Insiders via sponsorship.
-    uvx --with-requirements docs/requirements-insiders.txt -- mkdocs serve -f mkdocs.insiders.yml
+    mkdocs serve -f mkdocs.insiders.yml
     ```
 
 The documentation should then be available locally at
@@ -360,8 +368,9 @@ GitHub Actions will run your changes against a number of real-world projects fro
 report on any linter or formatter differences. You can also run those checks locally via:
 
 ```shell
-uvx --from ./python/ruff-ecosystem ruff-ecosystem check ruff "./target/debug/ruff"
-uvx --from ./python/ruff-ecosystem ruff-ecosystem format ruff "./target/debug/ruff"
+pip install -e ./python/ruff-ecosystem
+ruff-ecosystem check ruff "./target/debug/ruff"
+ruff-ecosystem format ruff "./target/debug/ruff"
 ```
 
 See the [ruff-ecosystem package](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/tree/main/python/ruff-ecosystem) for more details.
@@ -388,18 +397,12 @@ which makes it a good target for benchmarking.
 git clone --branch 3.10 https://github.com/python/cpython.git crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython
 ```
 
-Install `hyperfine`:
-
-```shell
-cargo install hyperfine
-```
-
 To benchmark the release build:
 
 ```shell
 cargo build --release && hyperfine --warmup 10 \
-  "./target/release/ruff check ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache -e" \
-  "./target/release/ruff check ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ -e"
+  "./target/release/ruff ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache -e" \
+  "./target/release/ruff ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ -e"
 
 Benchmark 1: ./target/release/ruff ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache
   Time (mean ± σ):     293.8 ms ±   3.2 ms    [User: 2384.6 ms, System: 90.3 ms]
@@ -418,7 +421,7 @@ To benchmark against the ecosystem's existing tools:
 
 ```shell
 hyperfine --ignore-failure --warmup 5 \
-  "./target/release/ruff check ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache" \
+  "./target/release/ruff ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache" \
   "pyflakes crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython" \
   "autoflake --recursive --expand-star-imports --remove-all-unused-imports --remove-unused-variables --remove-duplicate-keys resources/test/cpython" \
   "pycodestyle crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython" \
@@ -464,10 +467,10 @@ To benchmark a subset of rules, e.g. `LineTooLong` and `DocLineTooLong`:
 
 ```shell
 cargo build --release && hyperfine --warmup 10 \
-  "./target/release/ruff check ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache -e --select W505,E501"
+  "./target/release/ruff ./crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/cpython/ --no-cache -e --select W505,E501"
 ```
 
-You can run `uv venv --project ./scripts/benchmarks`, activate the venv and then run `uv sync --project ./scripts/benchmarks` to create a working environment for the
+You can run `poetry install` from `./scripts/benchmarks` to create a working environment for the
 above. All reported benchmarks were computed using the versions specified by
 `./scripts/benchmarks/pyproject.toml` on Python 3.11.
 
@@ -521,8 +524,6 @@ You can run the benchmarks with
 cargo benchmark
 ```
 
-`cargo benchmark` is an alias for `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark --bench linter --bench formatter --`
-
 #### Benchmark-driven Development
 
 Ruff uses [Criterion.rs](https://bheisler.github.io/criterion.rs/book/) for benchmarks. You can use
@@ -561,7 +562,7 @@ cargo install critcmp
 
 #### Tips
 
-- Use `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark <filter>` to only run specific benchmarks. For example: `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark lexer`
+- Use `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark <filter>` to only run specific benchmarks. For example: `cargo benchmark lexer`
     to only run the lexer benchmarks.
 - Use `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark -- --quiet` for a more cleaned up output (without statistical relevance)
 - Use `cargo bench -p ruff_benchmark -- --quick` to get faster results (more prone to noise)
@@ -863,7 +864,7 @@ each configuration file.
 
 The package root is used to determine a file's "module path". Consider, again, `baz.py`. In that
 case, `./my_project/src/foo` was identified as the package root, so the module path for `baz.py`
-would resolve to `foo.bar.baz` — as computed by taking the relative path from the package root
+would resolve to  `foo.bar.baz` — as computed by taking the relative path from the package root
 (inclusive of the root itself). The module path can be thought of as "the path you would use to
 import the module" (e.g., `import foo.bar.baz`).
 

Cargo.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ resolver = "2"
 
 [workspace.package]
 edition = "2021"
-rust-version = "1.80"
+rust-version = "1.76"
 homepage = "https://docs.astral.sh/ruff"
 documentation = "https://docs.astral.sh/ruff"
 repository = "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff"
@@ -13,12 +13,10 @@ license = "MIT"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 ruff = { path = "crates/ruff" }
-ruff_annotate_snippets = { path = "crates/ruff_annotate_snippets" }
 ruff_cache = { path = "crates/ruff_cache" }
-ruff_db = { path = "crates/ruff_db", default-features = false }
+ruff_db = { path = "crates/ruff_db" }
 ruff_diagnostics = { path = "crates/ruff_diagnostics" }
 ruff_formatter = { path = "crates/ruff_formatter" }
-ruff_graph = { path = "crates/ruff_graph" }
 ruff_index = { path = "crates/ruff_index" }
 ruff_linter = { path = "crates/ruff_linter" }
 ruff_macros = { path = "crates/ruff_macros" }
@@ -35,19 +33,15 @@ ruff_python_trivia = { path = "crates/ruff_python_trivia" }
 ruff_server = { path = "crates/ruff_server" }
 ruff_source_file = { path = "crates/ruff_source_file" }
 ruff_text_size = { path = "crates/ruff_text_size" }
-red_knot_vendored = { path = "crates/red_knot_vendored" }
 ruff_workspace = { path = "crates/ruff_workspace" }
 
 red_knot_python_semantic = { path = "crates/red_knot_python_semantic" }
 red_knot_server = { path = "crates/red_knot_server" }
-red_knot_test = { path = "crates/red_knot_test" }
-red_knot_workspace = { path = "crates/red_knot_workspace", default-features = false }
+red_knot_workspace = { path = "crates/red_knot_workspace" }
 
 aho-corasick = { version = "1.1.3" }
-anstream = { version = "0.6.18" }
-anstyle = { version = "1.0.10" }
+annotate-snippets = { version = "0.9.2", features = ["color"] }
 anyhow = { version = "1.0.80" }
-assert_fs = { version = "1.1.0" }
 argfile = { version = "0.2.0" }
 bincode = { version = "1.3.3" }
 bitflags = { version = "2.5.0" }
@@ -57,9 +51,9 @@ camino = { version = "1.1.7" }
 chrono = { version = "0.4.35", default-features = false, features = ["clock"] }
 clap = { version = "4.5.3", features = ["derive"] }
 clap_complete_command = { version = "0.6.0" }
-clearscreen = { version = "4.0.0" }
+clearscreen = { version = "3.0.0" }
 codspeed-criterion-compat = { version = "2.6.0", default-features = false }
-colored = { version = "3.0.0" }
+colored = { version = "2.1.0" }
 console_error_panic_hook = { version = "0.1.7" }
 console_log = { version = "1.0.0" }
 countme = { version = "3.0.1" }
@@ -67,31 +61,24 @@ compact_str = "0.8.0"
 criterion = { version = "0.5.1", default-features = false }
 crossbeam = { version = "0.8.4" }
 dashmap = { version = "6.0.1" }
-dir-test = { version = "0.4.0" }
-dunce = { version = "1.0.5" }
 drop_bomb = { version = "0.1.5" }
 env_logger = { version = "0.11.0" }
 etcetera = { version = "0.8.0" }
-fern = { version = "0.7.0" }
+fern = { version = "0.6.1" }
 filetime = { version = "0.2.23" }
 glob = { version = "0.3.1" }
 globset = { version = "0.4.14" }
-globwalk = { version = "0.9.1" }
-hashbrown = { version = "0.15.0", default-features = false, features = [
-    "raw-entry",
-    "inline-more",
-] }
+hashbrown = "0.14.3"
 ignore = { version = "0.4.22" }
 imara-diff = { version = "0.1.5" }
 imperative = { version = "1.0.4" }
-indexmap = { version = "2.6.0" }
 indicatif = { version = "0.17.8" }
 indoc = { version = "2.0.4" }
 insta = { version = "1.35.1" }
 insta-cmd = { version = "0.6.0" }
 is-macro = { version = "0.3.5" }
 is-wsl = { version = "0.4.0" }
-itertools = { version = "0.14.0" }
+itertools = { version = "0.13.0" }
 js-sys = { version = "0.3.69" }
 jod-thread = { version = "0.1.2" }
 libc = { version = "0.2.153" }
@@ -99,29 +86,29 @@ libcst = { version = "1.1.0", default-features = false }
 log = { version = "0.4.17" }
 lsp-server = { version = "0.7.6" }
 lsp-types = { git = "https://github.com/astral-sh/lsp-types.git", rev = "3512a9f", features = [
-    "proposed",
+  "proposed",
 ] }
 matchit = { version = "0.8.1" }
 memchr = { version = "2.7.1" }
 mimalloc = { version = "0.1.39" }
 natord = { version = "1.0.9" }
-notify = { version = "7.0.0" }
+notify = { version = "6.1.1" }
+once_cell = { version = "1.19.0" }
 ordermap = { version = "0.5.0" }
 path-absolutize = { version = "3.1.1" }
 path-slash = { version = "0.2.1" }
 pathdiff = { version = "0.2.1" }
-pep440_rs = { version = "0.7.1" }
+pep440_rs = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["serde"] }
 pretty_assertions = "1.3.0"
 proc-macro2 = { version = "1.0.79" }
-pyproject-toml = { version = "0.13.4" }
-quick-junit = { version = "0.5.0" }
+pyproject-toml = { version = "0.9.0" }
+quick-junit = { version = "0.4.0" }
 quote = { version = "1.0.23" }
 rand = { version = "0.8.5" }
 rayon = { version = "1.10.0" }
 regex = { version = "1.10.2" }
 rustc-hash = { version = "2.0.0" }
-# When updating salsa, make sure to also update the revision in `fuzz/Cargo.toml`
-salsa = { git = "https://github.com/salsa-rs/salsa.git", rev = "88a1d7774d78f048fbd77d40abca9ebd729fd1f0" }
+salsa = { git = "https://github.com/salsa-rs/salsa.git", rev = "f608ff8b24f07706492027199f51132244034f29" }
 schemars = { version = "0.8.16" }
 seahash = { version = "4.1.0" }
 serde = { version = "1.0.197", features = ["derive"] }
@@ -129,43 +116,38 @@ serde-wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.6.4" }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.113" }
 serde_test = { version = "1.0.152" }
 serde_with = { version = "3.6.0", default-features = false, features = [
-    "macros",
+  "macros",
 ] }
 shellexpand = { version = "3.0.0" }
 similar = { version = "2.4.0", features = ["inline"] }
 smallvec = { version = "1.13.2" }
-snapbox = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["diff", "term-svg", "cmd", "examples"] }
 static_assertions = "1.1.0"
 strum = { version = "0.26.0", features = ["strum_macros"] }
 strum_macros = { version = "0.26.0" }
 syn = { version = "2.0.55" }
 tempfile = { version = "3.9.0" }
 test-case = { version = "3.3.1" }
-thiserror = { version = "2.0.0" }
+thiserror = { version = "1.0.58" }
 tikv-jemallocator = { version = "0.6.0" }
 toml = { version = "0.8.11" }
 tracing = { version = "0.1.40" }
 tracing-flame = { version = "0.2.0" }
 tracing-indicatif = { version = "0.3.6" }
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.18", default-features = false, features = [
-    "env-filter",
-    "fmt",
-] }
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.18", default-features = false, features = ["env-filter", "fmt"] }
 tracing-tree = { version = "0.4.0" }
-tryfn = { version = "0.2.1" }
 typed-arena = { version = "2.0.2" }
 unic-ucd-category = { version = "0.9" }
 unicode-ident = { version = "1.0.12" }
-unicode-width = { version = "0.2.0" }
+unicode-width = { version = "0.1.11" }
 unicode_names2 = { version = "1.2.2" }
 unicode-normalization = { version = "0.1.23" }
 ureq = { version = "2.9.6" }
 url = { version = "2.5.0" }
 uuid = { version = "1.6.1", features = [
-    "v4",
-    "fast-rng",
-    "macro-diagnostics",
-    "js",
+  "v4",
+  "fast-rng",
+  "macro-diagnostics",
+  "js",
 ] }
 walkdir = { version = "2.3.2" }
 wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.2.92" }
@@ -176,10 +158,7 @@ zip = { version = "0.6.6", default-features = false }
 [workspace.lints.rust]
 unsafe_code = "warn"
 unreachable_pub = "warn"
-unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = [
-    "cfg(fuzzing)",
-    "cfg(codspeed)",
-] }
+unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = ["cfg(fuzzing)", "cfg(codspeed)"] }
 
 [workspace.lints.clippy]
 pedantic = { level = "warn", priority = -2 }
@@ -195,9 +174,8 @@ missing_panics_doc = "allow"
 module_name_repetitions = "allow"
 must_use_candidate = "allow"
 similar_names = "allow"
-single_match_else = "allow"
 too_many_lines = "allow"
-# Without the hashes we run into a `rustfmt` bug in some snapshot tests, see #13250
+# To allow `#[allow(clippy::all)]` in `crates/ruff_python_parser/src/python.rs`.
 needless_raw_string_hashes = "allow"
 # Disallowed restriction lints
 print_stdout = "warn"
@@ -210,13 +188,6 @@ get_unwrap = "warn"
 rc_buffer = "warn"
 rc_mutex = "warn"
 rest_pat_in_fully_bound_structs = "warn"
-# nursery rules
-redundant_clone = "warn"
-debug_assert_with_mut_call = "warn"
-unused_peekable = "warn"
-
-# Diagnostics are not actionable: Enable once https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/13774 is resolved.
-large_stack_arrays = "allow"
 
 [profile.release]
 # Note that we set these explicitly, and these values
@@ -256,12 +227,12 @@ debug = 1
 [profile.dist]
 inherits = "release"
 
-# Config for 'dist'
+# Config for 'cargo dist'
 [workspace.metadata.dist]
-# The preferred dist version to use in CI (Cargo.toml SemVer syntax)
-cargo-dist-version = "0.25.2-prerelease.3"
+# The preferred cargo-dist version to use in CI (Cargo.toml SemVer syntax)
+cargo-dist-version = "0.18.0"
 # CI backends to support
-ci = "github"
+ci = ["github"]
 # The installers to generate for each app
 installers = ["shell", "powershell"]
 # The archive format to use for windows builds (defaults .zip)
@@ -270,33 +241,33 @@ windows-archive = ".zip"
 unix-archive = ".tar.gz"
 # Target platforms to build apps for (Rust target-triple syntax)
 targets = [
-    "aarch64-apple-darwin",
-    "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc",
-    "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl",
-    "arm-unknown-linux-musleabihf",
-    "armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf",
-    "armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf",
-    "i686-pc-windows-msvc",
-    "i686-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "i686-unknown-linux-musl",
-    "powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "x86_64-apple-darwin",
-    "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc",
-    "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu",
-    "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl",
+  "aarch64-apple-darwin",
+  "aarch64-pc-windows-msvc",
+  "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl",
+  "arm-unknown-linux-musleabihf",
+  "armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf",
+  "armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf",
+  "i686-pc-windows-msvc",
+  "i686-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "i686-unknown-linux-musl",
+  "powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "x86_64-apple-darwin",
+  "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc",
+  "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu",
+  "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl",
 ]
 # Whether to auto-include files like READMEs, LICENSEs, and CHANGELOGs (default true)
 auto-includes = false
-# Whether dist should create a Github Release or use an existing draft
+# Whether cargo-dist should create a GitHub Release or use an existing draft
 create-release = true
-# Which actions to run on pull requests
+# Publish jobs to run in CI
 pr-run-mode = "skip"
 # Whether CI should trigger releases with dispatches instead of tag pushes
 dispatch-releases = true
-# Which phase dist should use to create the GitHub release
+# The stage during which the GitHub Release should be created
 github-release = "announce"
 # Whether CI should include auto-generated code to build local artifacts
 build-local-artifacts = false
@@ -304,11 +275,9 @@ build-local-artifacts = false
 local-artifacts-jobs = ["./build-binaries", "./build-docker"]
 # Publish jobs to run in CI
 publish-jobs = ["./publish-pypi", "./publish-wasm"]
-# Post-announce jobs to run in CI
+# Announcement jobs to run in CI
 post-announce-jobs = ["./notify-dependents", "./publish-docs", "./publish-playground"]
 # Custom permissions for GitHub Jobs
 github-custom-job-permissions = { "build-docker" = { packages = "write", contents = "read" }, "publish-wasm" = { contents = "read", id-token = "write", packages = "write" } }
 # Whether to install an updater program
 install-updater = false
-# Path that installers should place binaries in
-install-path = ["$XDG_BIN_HOME/", "$XDG_DATA_HOME/../bin", "~/.local/bin"]

Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM ubuntu AS build
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM ubuntu as build
 ENV HOME="/root"
 WORKDIR $HOME
 

README.md

@@ -110,28 +110,15 @@ For more, see the [documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/).
 1. [Who's Using Ruff?](#whos-using-ruff)
 1. [License](#license)
 
-## Getting Started<a id="getting-started"></a>
+## Getting Started
 
 For more, see the [documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/).
 
 ### Installation
 
-Ruff is available as [`ruff`](https://pypi.org/project/ruff/) on PyPI.
-
-Invoke Ruff directly with [`uvx`](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/):
+Ruff is available as [`ruff`](https://pypi.org/project/ruff/) on PyPI:
 
 ```shell
-uvx ruff check   # Lint all files in the current directory.
-uvx ruff format  # Format all files in the current directory.
-```
-
-Or install Ruff with `uv` (recommended), `pip`, or `pipx`:
-
-```shell
-# With uv.
-uv tool install ruff@latest  # Install Ruff globally.
-uv add --dev ruff            # Or add Ruff to your project.
-
 # With pip.
 pip install ruff
 
@@ -149,8 +136,8 @@ curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/install.sh | sh
 powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/install.ps1 | iex"
 
 # For a specific version.
-curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.9.2/install.sh | sh
-powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.9.2/install.ps1 | iex"
+curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.6.1/install.sh | sh
+powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.6.1/install.ps1 | iex"
 ```
 
 You can also install Ruff via [Homebrew](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/ruff), [Conda](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/ruff),
@@ -183,7 +170,7 @@ Ruff can also be used as a [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) hook via [`ruff
 ```yaml
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
   # Ruff version.
-  rev: v0.9.2
+  rev: v0.6.1
   hooks:
     # Run the linter.
     - id: ruff
@@ -195,7 +182,7 @@ Ruff can also be used as a [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) hook via [`ruff
 Ruff can also be used as a [VS Code extension](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-vscode) or with [various other editors](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/editors/setup).
 
 Ruff can also be used as a [GitHub Action](https://github.com/features/actions) via
-[`ruff-action`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-action):
+[`ruff-action`](https://github.com/chartboost/ruff-action):
 
 ```yaml
 name: Ruff
@@ -205,10 +192,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: astral-sh/ruff-action@v3
+      - uses: chartboost/ruff-action@v1
 ```
 
-### Configuration<a id="configuration"></a>
+### Configuration
 
 Ruff can be configured through a `pyproject.toml`, `ruff.toml`, or `.ruff.toml` file (see:
 [_Configuration_](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/configuration/), or [_Settings_](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/settings/)
@@ -251,8 +238,8 @@ exclude = [
 line-length = 88
 indent-width = 4
 
-# Assume Python 3.9
-target-version = "py39"
+# Assume Python 3.8
+target-version = "py38"
 
 [lint]
 # Enable Pyflakes (`F`) and a subset of the pycodestyle (`E`)  codes by default.
@@ -304,7 +291,7 @@ features that may change prior to stabilization.
 See `ruff help` for more on Ruff's top-level commands, or `ruff help check` and `ruff help format`
 for more on the linting and formatting commands, respectively.
 
-## Rules<a id="rules"></a>
+## Rules
 
 <!-- Begin section: Rules -->
 
@@ -380,21 +367,21 @@ quality tools, including:
 
 For a complete enumeration of the supported rules, see [_Rules_](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/).
 
-## Contributing<a id="contributing"></a>
+## Contributing
 
 Contributions are welcome and highly appreciated. To get started, check out the
 [**contributing guidelines**](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/contributing/).
 
 You can also join us on [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/astral-sh).
 
-## Support<a id="support"></a>
+## Support
 
 Having trouble? Check out the existing issues on [**GitHub**](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues),
 or feel free to [**open a new one**](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/new).
 
 You can also ask for help on [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/astral-sh).
 
-## Acknowledgements<a id="acknowledgements"></a>
+## Acknowledgements
 
 Ruff's linter draws on both the APIs and implementation details of many other
 tools in the Python ecosystem, especially [Flake8](https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8), [Pyflakes](https://github.com/PyCQA/pyflakes),
@@ -418,7 +405,7 @@ Ruff is the beneficiary of a large number of [contributors](https://github.com/a
 
 Ruff is released under the MIT license.
 
-## Who's Using Ruff?<a id="whos-using-ruff"></a>
+## Who's Using Ruff?
 
 Ruff is used by a number of major open-source projects and companies, including:
 
@@ -430,7 +417,6 @@ Ruff is used by a number of major open-source projects and companies, including:
 - [Babel](https://github.com/python-babel/babel)
 - Benchling ([Refac](https://github.com/benchling/refac))
 - [Bokeh](https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh)
-- CrowdCent ([NumerBlox](https://github.com/crowdcent/numerblox)) <!-- typos: ignore -->
 - [Cryptography (PyCA)](https://github.com/pyca/cryptography)
 - CERN ([Indico](https://getindico.io/))
 - [DVC](https://github.com/iterative/dvc)
@@ -538,7 +524,7 @@ If you're using Ruff, consider adding the Ruff badge to your project's `README.m
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff"><img src="https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/astral-sh/ruff/main/assets/badge/v2.json" alt="Ruff" style="max-width:100%;"></a>
 ```
 
-## License<a id="license"></a>
+## License
 
 This repository is licensed under the [MIT License](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/LICENSE)
 

_typos.toml

@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 [files]
 # https://github.com/crate-ci/typos/issues/868
-extend-exclude = [
-    "crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/**/*",
-    "**/resources/**/*",
-    "**/snapshots/**/*",
-]
+extend-exclude = ["crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/**/*", "**/resources/**/*", "**/snapshots/**/*"]
 
 [default.extend-words]
 "arange" = "arange"  # e.g. `numpy.arange`
@@ -12,18 +8,14 @@ hel = "hel"
 whos = "whos"
 spawnve = "spawnve"
 ned = "ned"
-pn = "pn"  # `import panel as pn` is a thing
+pn = "pn"  # `import panel as pd` is a thing
 poit = "poit"
 BA = "BA" # acronym for "Bad Allowed", used in testing.
 jod = "jod" # e.g., `jod-thread`
-Numer = "Numer" # Library name 'NumerBlox' in "Who's Using Ruff?"
 
 [default]
 extend-ignore-re = [
-    # Line ignore with trailing "spellchecker:disable-line"
-    "(?Rm)^.*#\\s*spellchecker:disable-line$",
-    "LICENSEs",
+  # Line ignore with trailing "spellchecker:disable-line"
+  "(?Rm)^.*#\\s*spellchecker:disable-line$",
+  "LICENSEs",
 ]
-
-[default.extend-identifiers]
-"FrIeNdLy" = "FrIeNdLy"

clippy.toml

@@ -1,25 +1,21 @@
 doc-valid-idents = [
-    "..",
-    "CodeQL",
-    "FastAPI",
-    "IPython",
-    "LangChain",
-    "LibCST",
-    "McCabe",
-    "NumPy",
-    "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE",
-    "SQLAlchemy",
-    "StackOverflow",
-    "PyCharm",
-    "SNMPv1",
-    "SNMPv2",
-    "SNMPv3",
-    "PyFlakes"
+  "..",
+  "CodeQL",
+  "FastAPI",
+  "IPython",
+  "LangChain",
+  "LibCST",
+  "McCabe",
+  "NumPy",
+  "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE",
+  "SQLAlchemy",
+  "StackOverflow",
+  "PyCharm",
 ]
 
 ignore-interior-mutability = [
-    # Interned is read-only. The wrapped `Rc` never gets updated.
-    "ruff_formatter::format_element::Interned",
-    # The expression is read-only.
-    "ruff_python_ast::hashable::HashableExpr",
+  # Interned is read-only. The wrapped `Rc` never gets updated.
+  "ruff_formatter::format_element::Interned",
+  # The expression is read-only.
+  "ruff_python_ast::hashable::HashableExpr",
 ]

crates/red_knot/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ license.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
 red_knot_python_semantic = { workspace = true }
-red_knot_workspace = { workspace = true, features = ["zstd"] }
+red_knot_workspace = { workspace = true }
 red_knot_server = { workspace = true }
+
 ruff_db = { workspace = true, features = ["os", "cache"] }
 
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@ tracing-tree = { workspace = true }
 [dev-dependencies]
 filetime = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
-ruff_db = { workspace = true, features = ["testing"] }
 
 [lints]
 workspace = true

crates/red_knot/docs/tracing.md

@@ -13,17 +13,12 @@ The CLI supports different verbosity levels.
 - `-vv` activates `debug!` and timestamps: This should be enough information to get to the bottom of bug reports. When you're processing many packages or files, you'll get pages and pages of output, but each line is link to a specific action or state change.
 - `-vvv` activates `trace!` (only in debug builds) and shows tracing-spans: At this level, you're logging everything. Most of this is wasted, it's really slow, we dump e.g. the entire resolution graph. Only useful to developers, and you almost certainly want to use `RED_KNOT_LOG` to filter it down to the area your investigating.
 
-## Better logging with `RED_KNOT_LOG` and `RAYON_NUM_THREADS`
+## `RED_KNOT_LOG`
 
 By default, the CLI shows messages from the `ruff` and `red_knot` crates. Tracing messages from other crates are not shown.
 The `RED_KNOT_LOG` environment variable allows you to customize which messages are shown by specifying one
 or more [filter directives](https://docs.rs/tracing-subscriber/latest/tracing_subscriber/filter/struct.EnvFilter.html#directives).
 
-The `RAYON_NUM_THREADS` environment variable, meanwhile, can be used to control the level of concurrency red-knot uses.
-By default, red-knot will attempt to parallelize its work so that multiple files are checked simultaneously,
-but this can result in a confused logging output where messages from different threads are intertwined.
-To switch off concurrency entirely and have more readable logs, use `RAYON_NUM_THREADS=1`.
-
 ### Examples
 
 #### Show all debug messages
@@ -103,7 +98,7 @@ called **once**.
 
 ## Profiling
 
-Red Knot generates a folded stack trace to the current directory named `tracing.folded` when setting the environment variable `RED_KNOT_LOG_PROFILE` to `1` or `true`.
+Red Knot generates a folded stack trace  to the current directory named `tracing.folded` when setting the environment variable `RED_KNOT_LOG_PROFILE` to `1` or `true`.
 
 ```bash
 RED_KNOT_LOG_PROFILE=1 red_knot -- --current-directory=../test -vvv

crates/red_knot/src/main.rs

@@ -5,22 +5,22 @@ use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
 use clap::Parser;
 use colored::Colorize;
 use crossbeam::channel as crossbeam_channel;
-use python_version::PythonVersion;
-use red_knot_python_semantic::SitePackages;
-use red_knot_server::run_server;
-use red_knot_workspace::db::ProjectDatabase;
-use red_knot_workspace::project::settings::Configuration;
-use red_knot_workspace::project::ProjectMetadata;
-use red_knot_workspace::watch;
-use red_knot_workspace::watch::ProjectWatcher;
-use ruff_db::diagnostic::Diagnostic;
-use ruff_db::system::{OsSystem, System, SystemPath, SystemPathBuf};
 use salsa::plumbing::ZalsaDatabase;
 
+use red_knot_python_semantic::{ProgramSettings, SearchPathSettings};
+use red_knot_server::run_server;
+use red_knot_workspace::db::RootDatabase;
+use red_knot_workspace::site_packages::VirtualEnvironment;
+use red_knot_workspace::watch;
+use red_knot_workspace::watch::WorkspaceWatcher;
+use red_knot_workspace::workspace::WorkspaceMetadata;
+use ruff_db::system::{OsSystem, System, SystemPath, SystemPathBuf};
+use target_version::TargetVersion;
+
 use crate::logging::{setup_tracing, Verbosity};
 
 mod logging;
-mod python_version;
+mod target_version;
 mod verbosity;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
@@ -34,71 +34,58 @@ struct Args {
     #[command(subcommand)]
     pub(crate) command: Option<Command>,
 
-    /// Run the command within the given project directory.
-    ///
-    /// All `pyproject.toml` files will be discovered by walking up the directory tree from the given project directory,
-    /// as will the project's virtual environment (`.venv`) unless the `venv-path` option is set.
-    ///
-    /// Other command-line arguments (such as relative paths) will be resolved relative to the current working directory.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "PROJECT")]
-    project: Option<SystemPathBuf>,
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        help = "Changes the current working directory.",
+        long_help = "Changes the current working directory before any specified operations. This affects the workspace and configuration discovery.",
+        value_name = "PATH"
+    )]
+    current_directory: Option<SystemPathBuf>,
 
-    /// Path to the virtual environment the project uses.
-    ///
-    /// If provided, red-knot will use the `site-packages` directory of this virtual environment
-    /// to resolve type information for the project's third-party dependencies.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "PATH")]
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        help = "Path to the virtual environment the project uses",
+        long_help = "\
+Path to the virtual environment the project uses. \
+If provided, red-knot will use the `site-packages` directory of this virtual environment \
+to resolve type information for the project's third-party dependencies.",
+        value_name = "PATH"
+    )]
     venv_path: Option<SystemPathBuf>,
 
-    /// Custom directory to use for stdlib typeshed stubs.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "PATH", alias = "custom-typeshed-dir")]
-    typeshed: Option<SystemPathBuf>,
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        value_name = "DIRECTORY",
+        help = "Custom directory to use for stdlib typeshed stubs"
+    )]
+    custom_typeshed_dir: Option<SystemPathBuf>,
 
-    /// Additional path to use as a module-resolution source (can be passed multiple times).
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "PATH")]
-    extra_search_path: Option<Vec<SystemPathBuf>>,
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        value_name = "PATH",
+        help = "Additional path to use as a module-resolution source (can be passed multiple times)"
+    )]
+    extra_search_path: Vec<SystemPathBuf>,
 
-    /// Python version to assume when resolving types.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "VERSION", alias = "target-version")]
-    python_version: Option<PythonVersion>,
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        help = "Python version to assume when resolving types",
+        default_value_t = TargetVersion::default(),
+        value_name="VERSION")
+    ]
+    target_version: TargetVersion,
 
     #[clap(flatten)]
     verbosity: Verbosity,
 
-    /// Run in watch mode by re-running whenever files change.
-    #[arg(long, short = 'W')]
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        help = "Run in watch mode by re-running whenever files change",
+        short = 'W'
+    )]
     watch: bool,
 }
 
-impl Args {
-    fn to_configuration(&self, cli_cwd: &SystemPath) -> Configuration {
-        let mut configuration = Configuration::default();
-
-        if let Some(python_version) = self.python_version {
-            configuration.python_version = Some(python_version.into());
-        }
-
-        if let Some(venv_path) = &self.venv_path {
-            configuration.search_paths.site_packages = Some(SitePackages::Derived {
-                venv_path: SystemPath::absolute(venv_path, cli_cwd),
-            });
-        }
-
-        if let Some(typeshed) = &self.typeshed {
-            configuration.search_paths.typeshed = Some(SystemPath::absolute(typeshed, cli_cwd));
-        }
-
-        if let Some(extra_search_paths) = &self.extra_search_path {
-            configuration.search_paths.extra_paths = extra_search_paths
-                .iter()
-                .map(|path| Some(SystemPath::absolute(path, cli_cwd)))
-                .collect();
-        }
-
-        configuration
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, clap::Subcommand)]
 pub enum Command {
     /// Start the language server
@@ -128,13 +115,22 @@ pub fn main() -> ExitStatus {
 }
 
 fn run() -> anyhow::Result<ExitStatus> {
-    let args = Args::parse_from(std::env::args());
+    let Args {
+        command,
+        current_directory,
+        custom_typeshed_dir,
+        extra_search_path: extra_paths,
+        venv_path,
+        target_version,
+        verbosity,
+        watch,
+    } = Args::parse_from(std::env::args().collect::<Vec<_>>());
 
-    if matches!(args.command, Some(Command::Server)) {
+    if matches!(command, Some(Command::Server)) {
         return run_server().map(|()| ExitStatus::Success);
     }
 
-    let verbosity = args.verbosity.level();
+    let verbosity = verbosity.level();
     countme::enable(verbosity.is_trace());
     let _guard = setup_tracing(verbosity)?;
 
@@ -144,38 +140,53 @@ fn run() -> anyhow::Result<ExitStatus> {
         SystemPathBuf::from_path_buf(cwd)
             .map_err(|path| {
                 anyhow!(
-                    "The current working directory `{}` contains non-Unicode characters. Red Knot only supports Unicode paths.",
+                    "The current working directory '{}' contains non-unicode characters. Red Knot only supports unicode paths.",
                     path.display()
                 )
             })?
     };
 
-    let cwd = args
-        .project
-        .as_ref()
+    let cwd = current_directory
         .map(|cwd| {
             if cwd.as_std_path().is_dir() {
-                Ok(SystemPath::absolute(cwd, &cli_base_path))
+                Ok(SystemPath::absolute(&cwd, &cli_base_path))
             } else {
-                Err(anyhow!("Provided project path `{cwd}` is not a directory"))
+                Err(anyhow!(
+                    "Provided current-directory path '{cwd}' is not a directory."
+                ))
             }
         })
         .transpose()?
         .unwrap_or_else(|| cli_base_path.clone());
 
     let system = OsSystem::new(cwd.clone());
-    let cli_configuration = args.to_configuration(&cwd);
-    let workspace_metadata = ProjectMetadata::discover(
-        system.current_directory(),
-        &system,
-        Some(&cli_configuration),
-    )?;
+    let workspace_metadata = WorkspaceMetadata::from_path(system.current_directory(), &system)?;
+
+    // TODO: Verify the remaining search path settings eagerly.
+    let site_packages = venv_path
+        .map(|path| {
+            VirtualEnvironment::new(path, &OsSystem::new(cli_base_path))
+                .and_then(|venv| venv.site_packages_directories(&system))
+        })
+        .transpose()?
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    // TODO: Respect the settings from the workspace metadata. when resolving the program settings.
+    let program_settings = ProgramSettings {
+        target_version: target_version.into(),
+        search_paths: SearchPathSettings {
+            extra_paths,
+            src_root: workspace_metadata.root().to_path_buf(),
+            custom_typeshed: custom_typeshed_dir,
+            site_packages,
+        },
+    };
 
     // TODO: Use the `program_settings` to compute the key for the database's persistent
     //   cache and load the cache if it exists.
-    let mut db = ProjectDatabase::new(workspace_metadata, system)?;
+    let mut db = RootDatabase::new(workspace_metadata, program_settings, system)?;
 
-    let (main_loop, main_loop_cancellation_token) = MainLoop::new(cli_configuration);
+    let (main_loop, main_loop_cancellation_token) = MainLoop::new();
 
     // Listen to Ctrl+C and abort the watch mode.
     let main_loop_cancellation_token = Mutex::new(Some(main_loop_cancellation_token));
@@ -187,7 +198,7 @@ fn run() -> anyhow::Result<ExitStatus> {
         }
     })?;
 
-    let exit_status = if args.watch {
+    let exit_status = if watch {
         main_loop.watch(&mut db)?
     } else {
         main_loop.run(&mut db)
@@ -226,13 +237,11 @@ struct MainLoop {
     receiver: crossbeam_channel::Receiver<MainLoopMessage>,
 
     /// The file system watcher, if running in watch mode.
-    watcher: Option<ProjectWatcher>,
-
-    cli_configuration: Configuration,
+    watcher: Option<WorkspaceWatcher>,
 }
 
 impl MainLoop {
-    fn new(cli_configuration: Configuration) -> (Self, MainLoopCancellationToken) {
+    fn new() -> (Self, MainLoopCancellationToken) {
         let (sender, receiver) = crossbeam_channel::bounded(10);
 
         (
@@ -240,27 +249,26 @@ impl MainLoop {
                 sender: sender.clone(),
                 receiver,
                 watcher: None,
-                cli_configuration,
             },
             MainLoopCancellationToken { sender },
         )
     }
 
-    fn watch(mut self, db: &mut ProjectDatabase) -> anyhow::Result<ExitStatus> {
+    fn watch(mut self, db: &mut RootDatabase) -> anyhow::Result<ExitStatus> {
         tracing::debug!("Starting watch mode");
         let sender = self.sender.clone();
         let watcher = watch::directory_watcher(move |event| {
             sender.send(MainLoopMessage::ApplyChanges(event)).unwrap();
         })?;
 
-        self.watcher = Some(ProjectWatcher::new(watcher, db));
+        self.watcher = Some(WorkspaceWatcher::new(watcher, db));
 
         self.run(db);
 
         Ok(ExitStatus::Success)
     }
 
-    fn run(mut self, db: &mut ProjectDatabase) -> ExitStatus {
+    fn run(mut self, db: &mut RootDatabase) -> ExitStatus {
         self.sender.send(MainLoopMessage::CheckWorkspace).unwrap();
 
         let result = self.main_loop(db);
@@ -270,7 +278,7 @@ impl MainLoop {
         result
     }
 
-    fn main_loop(&mut self, db: &mut ProjectDatabase) -> ExitStatus {
+    fn main_loop(&mut self, db: &mut RootDatabase) -> ExitStatus {
         // Schedule the first check.
         tracing::debug!("Starting main loop");
 
@@ -279,10 +287,10 @@ impl MainLoop {
         while let Ok(message) = self.receiver.recv() {
             match message {
                 MainLoopMessage::CheckWorkspace => {
-                    let db = db.clone();
+                    let db = db.snapshot();
                     let sender = self.sender.clone();
 
-                    // Spawn a new task that checks the project. This needs to be done in a separate thread
+                    // Spawn a new task that checks the workspace. This needs to be done in a separate thread
                     // to prevent blocking the main loop here.
                     rayon::spawn(move || {
                         if let Ok(result) = db.check() {
@@ -300,9 +308,8 @@ impl MainLoop {
                 } => {
                     let has_diagnostics = !result.is_empty();
                     if check_revision == revision {
-                        #[allow(clippy::print_stdout)]
                         for diagnostic in result {
-                            println!("{}", diagnostic.display(db));
+                            tracing::error!("{}", diagnostic);
                         }
                     } else {
                         tracing::debug!(
@@ -324,7 +331,7 @@ impl MainLoop {
                 MainLoopMessage::ApplyChanges(changes) => {
                     revision += 1;
                     // Automatically cancels any pending queries and waits for them to complete.
-                    db.apply_changes(changes, Some(&self.cli_configuration));
+                    db.apply_changes(changes);
                     if let Some(watcher) = self.watcher.as_mut() {
                         watcher.update(db);
                     }
@@ -361,10 +368,7 @@ impl MainLoopCancellationToken {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum MainLoopMessage {
     CheckWorkspace,
-    CheckCompleted {
-        result: Vec<Box<dyn Diagnostic>>,
-        revision: u64,
-    },
+    CheckCompleted { result: Vec<String>, revision: u64 },
     ApplyChanges(Vec<watch::ChangeEvent>),
     Exit,
 }

crates/red_knot/src/python_version.rs

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-/// Enumeration of all supported Python versions
-///
-/// TODO: unify with the `PythonVersion` enum in the linter/formatter crates?
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Hash, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Default, clap::ValueEnum)]
-pub enum PythonVersion {
-    #[value(name = "3.7")]
-    Py37,
-    #[value(name = "3.8")]
-    Py38,
-    #[default]
-    #[value(name = "3.9")]
-    Py39,
-    #[value(name = "3.10")]
-    Py310,
-    #[value(name = "3.11")]
-    Py311,
-    #[value(name = "3.12")]
-    Py312,
-    #[value(name = "3.13")]
-    Py313,
-}
-
-impl PythonVersion {
-    const fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            Self::Py37 => "3.7",
-            Self::Py38 => "3.8",
-            Self::Py39 => "3.9",
-            Self::Py310 => "3.10",
-            Self::Py311 => "3.11",
-            Self::Py312 => "3.12",
-            Self::Py313 => "3.13",
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Display for PythonVersion {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        f.write_str(self.as_str())
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<PythonVersion> for red_knot_python_semantic::PythonVersion {
-    fn from(value: PythonVersion) -> Self {
-        match value {
-            PythonVersion::Py37 => Self::PY37,
-            PythonVersion::Py38 => Self::PY38,
-            PythonVersion::Py39 => Self::PY39,
-            PythonVersion::Py310 => Self::PY310,
-            PythonVersion::Py311 => Self::PY311,
-            PythonVersion::Py312 => Self::PY312,
-            PythonVersion::Py313 => Self::PY313,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use crate::python_version::PythonVersion;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn same_default_as_python_version() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            red_knot_python_semantic::PythonVersion::from(PythonVersion::default()),
-            red_knot_python_semantic::PythonVersion::default()
-        );
-    }
-}

crates/red_knot/src/target_version.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/// Enumeration of all supported Python versions
+///
+/// TODO: unify with the `PythonVersion` enum in the linter/formatter crates?
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Hash, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Default, clap::ValueEnum)]
+pub enum TargetVersion {
+    Py37,
+    #[default]
+    Py38,
+    Py39,
+    Py310,
+    Py311,
+    Py312,
+    Py313,
+}
+
+impl TargetVersion {
+    const fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Py37 => "py37",
+            Self::Py38 => "py38",
+            Self::Py39 => "py39",
+            Self::Py310 => "py310",
+            Self::Py311 => "py311",
+            Self::Py312 => "py312",
+            Self::Py313 => "py313",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for TargetVersion {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(self.as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TargetVersion> for red_knot_python_semantic::PythonVersion {
+    fn from(value: TargetVersion) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            TargetVersion::Py37 => Self::PY37,
+            TargetVersion::Py38 => Self::PY38,
+            TargetVersion::Py39 => Self::PY39,
+            TargetVersion::Py310 => Self::PY310,
+            TargetVersion::Py311 => Self::PY311,
+            TargetVersion::Py312 => Self::PY312,
+            TargetVersion::Py313 => Self::PY313,
+        }
+    }
+}

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,50 +13,40 @@ license = { workspace = true }
 [dependencies]
 ruff_db = { workspace = true }
 ruff_index = { workspace = true }
-ruff_macros = { workspace = true }
 ruff_python_ast = { workspace = true }
-ruff_python_parser = { workspace = true }
 ruff_python_stdlib = { workspace = true }
 ruff_source_file = { workspace = true }
 ruff_text_size = { workspace = true }
-ruff_python_literal = { workspace = true }
-ruff_python_trivia = { workspace = true }
 
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
 bitflags = { workspace = true }
 camino = { workspace = true }
 compact_str = { workspace = true }
 countme = { workspace = true }
-drop_bomb = { workspace = true }
-indexmap = { workspace = true }
-itertools = { workspace = true }
+once_cell = { workspace = true }
 ordermap = { workspace = true }
 salsa = { workspace = true }
-thiserror = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 rustc-hash = { workspace = true }
 hashbrown = { workspace = true }
-serde = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 smallvec = { workspace = true }
 static_assertions = { workspace = true }
-test-case = { workspace = true }
-memchr = { workspace = true }
+
+[build-dependencies]
+path-slash = { workspace = true }
+walkdir = { workspace = true }
+zip = { workspace = true, features = ["zstd", "deflate"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 ruff_db = { workspace = true, features = ["os", "testing"] }
 ruff_python_parser = { workspace = true }
-red_knot_test = { workspace = true }
-red_knot_vendored = { workspace = true }
 
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
-dir-test = { workspace = true }
 insta = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
-quickcheck = { version = "1.0.3", default-features = false }
-quickcheck_macros = { version = "1.0.0" }
-
-[features]
-serde = ["ruff_db/serde", "dep:serde"]
+walkdir = { workspace = true }
+zip = { workspace = true }
 
 [lints]
 workspace = true
+

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
-# Vendored types for the stdlib
+# Red Knot
 
-This crate vendors [typeshed](https://github.com/python/typeshed)'s stubs for the standard library. The vendored stubs can be found in `crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed`. The file `crates/red_knot_vendored/vendor/typeshed/source_commit.txt` tells you the typeshed commit that our vendored stdlib stubs currently correspond to.
+Semantic analysis for the red-knot project.
+
+## Vendored types for the stdlib
+
+This crate vendors [typeshed](https://github.com/python/typeshed)'s stubs for the standard library. The vendored stubs can be found in `crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed`. The file `crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed/source_commit.txt` tells you the typeshed commit that our vendored stdlib stubs currently correspond to.
 
 The typeshed stubs are updated every two weeks via an automated PR using the `sync_typeshed.yaml` workflow in the `.github/workflows` directory. This workflow can also be triggered at any time via [workflow dispatch](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/manually-running-a-workflow#running-a-workflow).

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/build.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,87 @@
-/// Rebuild the crate if a test file is added or removed from
-pub fn main() {
-    println!("cargo::rerun-if-changed=resources/mdtest");
+//! Build script to package our vendored typeshed files
+//! into a zip archive that can be included in the Ruff binary.
+//!
+//! This script should be automatically run at build time
+//! whenever the script itself changes, or whenever any files
+//! in `crates/red_knot_python_semantic/vendor/typeshed` change.
+
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use path_slash::PathExt;
+use zip::result::ZipResult;
+use zip::write::{FileOptions, ZipWriter};
+use zip::CompressionMethod;
+
+const TYPESHED_SOURCE_DIR: &str = "vendor/typeshed";
+const TYPESHED_ZIP_LOCATION: &str = "/zipped_typeshed.zip";
+
+/// Recursively zip the contents of an entire directory.
+///
+/// This routine is adapted from a recipe at
+/// <https://github.com/zip-rs/zip-old/blob/5d0f198124946b7be4e5969719a7f29f363118cd/examples/write_dir.rs>
+fn zip_dir(directory_path: &str, writer: File) -> ZipResult<File> {
+    let mut zip = ZipWriter::new(writer);
+
+    // Use deflated compression for WASM builds because compiling `zstd-sys` requires clang
+    // [source](https://github.com/gyscos/zstd-rs/wiki/Compile-for-WASM) which complicates the build
+    // by a lot. Deflated compression is slower but it shouldn't matter much for the WASM use case
+    // (WASM itself is already slower than a native build for a specific platform).
+    // We can't use `#[cfg(...)]` here because the target-arch in a build script is the
+    // architecture of the system running the build script and not the architecture of the build-target.
+    // That's why we use the `TARGET` environment variable here.
+    let method = if std::env::var("TARGET").unwrap().contains("wasm32") {
+        CompressionMethod::Deflated
+    } else {
+        CompressionMethod::Zstd
+    };
+
+    let options = FileOptions::default()
+        .compression_method(method)
+        .unix_permissions(0o644);
+
+    for entry in walkdir::WalkDir::new(directory_path) {
+        let dir_entry = entry.unwrap();
+        let absolute_path = dir_entry.path();
+        let normalized_relative_path = absolute_path
+            .strip_prefix(Path::new(directory_path))
+            .unwrap()
+            .to_slash()
+            .expect("Unexpected non-utf8 typeshed path!");
+
+        // Write file or directory explicitly
+        // Some unzip tools unzip files with directory paths correctly, some do not!
+        if absolute_path.is_file() {
+            println!("adding file {absolute_path:?} as {normalized_relative_path:?} ...");
+            zip.start_file(normalized_relative_path, options)?;
+            let mut f = File::open(absolute_path)?;
+            std::io::copy(&mut f, &mut zip).unwrap();
+        } else if !normalized_relative_path.is_empty() {
+            // Only if not root! Avoids path spec / warning
+            // and mapname conversion failed error on unzip
+            println!("adding dir {absolute_path:?} as {normalized_relative_path:?} ...");
+            zip.add_directory(normalized_relative_path, options)?;
+        }
+    }
+    zip.finish()
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={TYPESHED_SOURCE_DIR}");
+    assert!(
+        Path::new(TYPESHED_SOURCE_DIR).is_dir(),
+        "Where is typeshed?"
+    );
+    let out_dir = std::env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
+
+    // N.B. Deliberately using `format!()` instead of `Path::join()` here,
+    // so that we use `/` as a path separator on all platforms.
+    // That enables us to load the typeshed zip at compile time in `module.rs`
+    // (otherwise we'd have to dynamically determine the exact path to the typeshed zip
+    // based on the default path separator for the specific platform we're on,
+    // which can't be done at compile time.)
+    let zipped_typeshed_location = format!("{out_dir}{TYPESHED_ZIP_LOCATION}");
+
+    let zipped_typeshed = File::create(zipped_typeshed_location).unwrap();
+    zip_dir(TYPESHED_SOURCE_DIR, zipped_typeshed).unwrap();
 }

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/README.md

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Markdown files within the `mdtest/` subdirectory are tests of type inference and type checking;
-executed by the `tests/mdtest.rs` integration test.
-
-See `crates/red_knot_test/README.md` for documentation of this test format.

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/.mdformat.toml

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-wrap = 100

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/annotated.md

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-# `Annotated`
-
-`Annotated` attaches arbitrary metadata to a given type.
-
-## Usages
-
-`Annotated[T, ...]` is equivalent to `T`: All metadata arguments are simply ignored.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Annotated
-
-def _(x: Annotated[int, "foo"]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-
-def _(x: Annotated[int, lambda: 0 + 1 * 2 // 3, _(4)]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-
-def _(x: Annotated[int, "arbitrary", "metadata", "elements", "are", "fine"]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-
-def _(x: Annotated[tuple[str, int], bytes]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: tuple[str, int]
-```
-
-## Parameterization
-
-It is invalid to parameterize `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Annotated
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form] "`Annotated` requires at least two arguments when used in an annotation or type expression"
-def _(x: Annotated):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        X = Annotated
-    else:
-        X = bool
-
-    # error: [invalid-type-form] "`Annotated` requires at least two arguments when used in an annotation or type expression"
-    def f(y: X):
-        reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Unknown | bool
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form] "`Annotated` requires at least two arguments when used in an annotation or type expression"
-def _(x: Annotated | bool):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown | bool
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-def _(x: Annotated[()]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-def _(x: Annotated[int]):
-    # `Annotated[T]` is invalid and will raise an error at runtime,
-    # but we treat it the same as `T` to provide better diagnostics later on.
-    # The subscription itself is still reported, regardless.
-    # Same for the `(int,)` form below.
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-def _(x: Annotated[(int,)]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Inheritance
-
-### Correctly parameterized
-
-Inheriting from `Annotated[T, ...]` is equivalent to inheriting from `T` itself.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Annotated
-
-# TODO: False positive
-# error: [invalid-base]
-class C(Annotated[int, "foo"]): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be `tuple[Literal[C], Literal[int], Literal[object]]`
-reveal_type(C.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[C], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-```
-
-### Not parameterized
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Annotated
-
-# At runtime, this is an error.
-# error: [invalid-base]
-class C(Annotated): ...
-
-reveal_type(C.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[C], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/any.md

@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-# Any
-
-## Annotation
-
-`typing.Any` is a way to name the Any type.
-
-```py
-from typing import Any
-
-x: Any = 1
-x = "foo"
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Any
-```
-
-## Aliased to a different name
-
-If you alias `typing.Any` to another name, we still recognize that as a spelling of the Any type.
-
-```py
-from typing import Any as RenamedAny
-
-x: RenamedAny = 1
-x = "foo"
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Any
-```
-
-## Shadowed class
-
-If you define your own class named `Any`, using that in a type expression refers to your class, and
-isn't a spelling of the Any type.
-
-```py
-class Any: ...
-
-x: Any
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Any
-
-# This verifies that we're not accidentally seeing typing.Any, since str is assignable
-# to that but not to our locally defined class.
-y: Any = "not an Any"  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-```
-
-## Subclass
-
-The spec allows you to define subclasses of `Any`.
-
-TODO: Handle assignments correctly. `Subclass` has an unknown superclass, which might be `int`. The
-assignment to `x` should not be allowed, even when the unknown superclass is `int`. The assignment
-to `y` should be allowed, since `Subclass` might have `int` as a superclass, and is therefore
-assignable to `int`.
-
-```py
-from typing import Any
-
-class Subclass(Any): ...
-
-reveal_type(Subclass.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[Subclass], Any, Literal[object]]
-
-x: Subclass = 1  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-# TODO: no diagnostic
-y: int = Subclass()  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-
-def _(s: Subclass):
-    reveal_type(s)  # revealed: Subclass
-```
-
-## Invalid
-
-`Any` cannot be parameterized:
-
-```py
-from typing import Any
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form] "Type `typing.Any` expected no type parameter"
-def f(x: Any[int]):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/literal.md

@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-# Literal
-
-<https://typing.readthedocs.io/en/latest/spec/literal.html#literals>
-
-## Parameterization
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-from enum import Enum
-
-mode: Literal["w", "r"]
-a1: Literal[26]
-a2: Literal[0x1A]
-a3: Literal[-4]
-a4: Literal["hello world"]
-a5: Literal[b"hello world"]
-a6: Literal[True]
-a7: Literal[None]
-a8: Literal[Literal[1]]
-
-class Color(Enum):
-    RED = 0
-    GREEN = 1
-    BLUE = 2
-
-b1: Literal[Color.RED]
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(mode)  # revealed: Literal["w", "r"]
-    reveal_type(a1)  # revealed: Literal[26]
-    reveal_type(a2)  # revealed: Literal[26]
-    reveal_type(a3)  # revealed: Literal[-4]
-    reveal_type(a4)  # revealed: Literal["hello world"]
-    reveal_type(a5)  # revealed: Literal[b"hello world"]
-    reveal_type(a6)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a7)  # revealed: None
-    reveal_type(a8)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    # TODO: This should be Color.RED
-    reveal_type(b1)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-invalid1: Literal[3 + 4]
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-invalid2: Literal[4 + 3j]
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-invalid3: Literal[(3, 4)]
-
-hello = "hello"
-invalid4: Literal[
-    1 + 2,  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-    "foo",
-    hello,  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-    (1, 2, 3),  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-]
-```
-
-## Shortening unions of literals
-
-When a Literal is parameterized with more than one value, it’s treated as exactly to equivalent to
-the union of those types.
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-def x(
-    a1: Literal[Literal[Literal[1, 2, 3], "foo"], 5, None],
-    a2: Literal["w"] | Literal["r"],
-    a3: Literal[Literal["w"], Literal["r"], Literal[Literal["w+"]]],
-    a4: Literal[True] | Literal[1, 2] | Literal["foo"],
-):
-    reveal_type(a1)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2, 3, "foo", 5] | None
-    reveal_type(a2)  # revealed: Literal["w", "r"]
-    reveal_type(a3)  # revealed: Literal["w", "r", "w+"]
-    reveal_type(a4)  # revealed: Literal[True, 1, 2, "foo"]
-```
-
-## Display of heterogeneous unions of literals
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal, Union
-
-def foo(x: int) -> int:
-    return x + 1
-
-def bar(s: str) -> str:
-    return s
-
-class A: ...
-class B: ...
-
-def union_example(
-    x: Union[
-        # unknown type
-        # error: [unresolved-reference]
-        y,
-        Literal[-1],
-        Literal["A"],
-        Literal[b"A"],
-        Literal[b"\x00"],
-        Literal[b"\x07"],
-        Literal[0],
-        Literal[1],
-        Literal["B"],
-        Literal["foo"],
-        Literal["bar"],
-        Literal["B"],
-        Literal[True],
-        None,
-    ]
-):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown | Literal[-1, "A", b"A", b"\x00", b"\x07", 0, 1, "B", "foo", "bar", True] | None
-```
-
-## Detecting Literal outside typing and typing_extensions
-
-Only Literal that is defined in typing and typing_extension modules is detected as the special
-Literal.
-
-```pyi path=other.pyi
-from typing import _SpecialForm
-
-Literal: _SpecialForm
-```
-
-```py
-from other import Literal
-
-a1: Literal[26]
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(a1)  # revealed: @Todo(generics)
-```
-
-## Detecting typing_extensions.Literal
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Literal
-
-a1: Literal[26]
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(a1)  # revealed: Literal[26]
-```
-
-## Invalid
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form] "`Literal` requires at least one argument when used in a type expression"
-def _(x: Literal):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/literal_string.md

@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-# `LiteralString`
-
-`LiteralString` represents a string that is either defined directly within the source code or is
-made up of such components.
-
-Parts of the testcases defined here were adapted from [the specification's examples][1].
-
-## Usages
-
-### Valid places
-
-It can be used anywhere a type is accepted:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-x: LiteralString
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: LiteralString
-```
-
-### Within `Literal`
-
-`LiteralString` cannot be used within `Literal`:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Literal, LiteralString
-
-bad_union: Literal["hello", LiteralString]  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-bad_nesting: Literal[LiteralString]  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-```
-
-### Parameterized
-
-`LiteralString` cannot be parameterized.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-a: LiteralString[str]  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-b: LiteralString["foo"]  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-```
-
-### As a base class
-
-Subclassing `LiteralString` leads to a runtime error.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-class C(LiteralString): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-```
-
-## Inference
-
-### Common operations
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-foo: LiteralString = "foo"
-reveal_type(foo)  # revealed: Literal["foo"]
-
-bar: LiteralString = "bar"
-reveal_type(foo + bar)  # revealed: Literal["foobar"]
-
-baz: LiteralString = "baz"
-baz += foo
-reveal_type(baz)  # revealed: Literal["bazfoo"]
-
-qux = (foo, bar)
-reveal_type(qux)  # revealed: tuple[Literal["foo"], Literal["bar"]]
-
-# TODO: Infer "LiteralString"
-reveal_type(foo.join(qux))  # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on `StringLiteral` types)
-
-template: LiteralString = "{}, {}"
-reveal_type(template)  # revealed: Literal["{}, {}"]
-# TODO: Infer `LiteralString`
-reveal_type(template.format(foo, bar))  # revealed: @Todo(Attribute access on `StringLiteral` types)
-```
-
-### Assignability
-
-`Literal[""]` is assignable to `LiteralString`, and `LiteralString` is assignable to `str`, but not
-vice versa.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Literal, LiteralString
-
-def _(flag: bool):
-    foo_1: Literal["foo"] = "foo"
-    bar_1: LiteralString = foo_1  # fine
-
-    foo_2 = "foo" if flag else "bar"
-    reveal_type(foo_2)  # revealed: Literal["foo", "bar"]
-    bar_2: LiteralString = foo_2  # fine
-
-    foo_3: LiteralString = "foo" * 1_000_000_000
-    bar_3: str = foo_2  # fine
-
-    baz_1: str = repr(object())
-    qux_1: LiteralString = baz_1  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-
-    baz_2: LiteralString = "baz" * 1_000_000_000
-    qux_2: Literal["qux"] = baz_2  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-
-    baz_3 = "foo" if flag else 1
-    reveal_type(baz_3)  # revealed: Literal["foo", 1]
-    qux_3: LiteralString = baz_3  # error: [invalid-assignment]
-```
-
-### Narrowing
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-lorem: LiteralString = "lorem" * 1_000_000_000
-
-reveal_type(lorem)  # revealed: LiteralString
-
-if lorem == "ipsum":
-    reveal_type(lorem)  # revealed: Literal["ipsum"]
-
-reveal_type(lorem)  # revealed: LiteralString
-
-if "" < lorem == "ipsum":
-    reveal_type(lorem)  # revealed: Literal["ipsum"]
-```
-
-## `typing.LiteralString`
-
-`typing.LiteralString` is only available in Python 3.11 and later:
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.11"
-```
-
-```py
-from typing import LiteralString
-
-x: LiteralString = "foo"
-
-def f():
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: LiteralString
-```
-
-[1]: https://typing.readthedocs.io/en/latest/spec/literal.html#literalstring

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/never.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-# NoReturn & Never
-
-`NoReturn` is used to annotate the return type for functions that never return. `Never` is the
-bottom type, representing the empty set of Python objects. These two annotations can be used
-interchangeably.
-
-## Function Return Type Annotation
-
-```py
-from typing import NoReturn
-
-def stop() -> NoReturn:
-    raise RuntimeError("no way")
-
-# revealed: Never
-reveal_type(stop())
-```
-
-## Assignment
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import NoReturn, Never, Any
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form] "Type `typing.Never` expected no type parameter"
-x: Never[int]
-a1: NoReturn
-a2: Never
-b1: Any
-b2: int
-
-def f():
-    # revealed: Never
-    reveal_type(a1)
-    # revealed: Never
-    reveal_type(a2)
-
-    # Never is assignable to all types.
-    v1: int = a1
-    v2: str = a1
-    # Other types are not assignable to Never except for Never (and Any).
-    v3: Never = b1
-    v4: Never = a2
-    v5: Any = b2
-    # error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal[1]` is not assignable to `Never`"
-    v6: Never = 1
-```
-
-## `typing.Never`
-
-`typing.Never` is only available in Python 3.11 and later.
-
-### Python 3.11
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.11"
-```
-
-```py
-from typing import Never
-
-reveal_type(Never)  # revealed: typing.Never
-```
-
-### Python 3.10
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.10"
-```
-
-```py
-# error: [unresolved-import]
-from typing import Never
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/optional.md

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-# Optional
-
-## Annotation
-
-`typing.Optional` is equivalent to using the type with a None in a Union.
-
-```py
-from typing import Optional
-
-a: Optional[int]
-a1: Optional[bool]
-a2: Optional[Optional[bool]]
-a3: Optional[None]
-
-def f():
-    # revealed: int | None
-    reveal_type(a)
-    # revealed: bool | None
-    reveal_type(a1)
-    # revealed: bool | None
-    reveal_type(a2)
-    # revealed: None
-    reveal_type(a3)
-```
-
-## Assignment
-
-```py
-from typing import Optional
-
-a: Optional[int] = 1
-a = None
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal[""]` is not assignable to `int | None`"
-a = ""
-```
-
-## Typing Extensions
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Optional
-
-a: Optional[int]
-
-def f():
-    # revealed: int | None
-    reveal_type(a)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/starred.md

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-# Starred expression annotations
-
-Type annotations for `*args` can be starred expressions themselves:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import TypeVarTuple
-
-Ts = TypeVarTuple("Ts")
-
-def append_int(*args: *Ts) -> tuple[*Ts, int]:
-    # TODO: tuple[*Ts]
-    reveal_type(args)  # revealed: tuple
-
-    return (*args, 1)
-
-# TODO should be tuple[Literal[True], Literal["a"], int]
-reveal_type(append_int(True, "a"))  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/stdlib_typing_aliases.md

@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-# Typing-module aliases to other stdlib classes
-
-The `typing` module has various aliases to other stdlib classes. These are a legacy feature, but
-still need to be supported by a type checker.
-
-## Correspondence
-
-All of the following symbols can be mapped one-to-one with the actual type:
-
-```py
-import typing
-
-def f(
-    list_bare: typing.List,
-    list_parametrized: typing.List[int],
-    dict_bare: typing.Dict,
-    dict_parametrized: typing.Dict[int, str],
-    set_bare: typing.Set,
-    set_parametrized: typing.Set[int],
-    frozen_set_bare: typing.FrozenSet,
-    frozen_set_parametrized: typing.FrozenSet[str],
-    chain_map_bare: typing.ChainMap,
-    chain_map_parametrized: typing.ChainMap[int],
-    counter_bare: typing.Counter,
-    counter_parametrized: typing.Counter[int],
-    default_dict_bare: typing.DefaultDict,
-    default_dict_parametrized: typing.DefaultDict[str, int],
-    deque_bare: typing.Deque,
-    deque_parametrized: typing.Deque[str],
-    ordered_dict_bare: typing.OrderedDict,
-    ordered_dict_parametrized: typing.OrderedDict[int, str],
-):
-    reveal_type(list_bare)  # revealed: list
-    reveal_type(list_parametrized)  # revealed: list
-
-    reveal_type(dict_bare)  # revealed: dict
-    reveal_type(dict_parametrized)  # revealed: dict
-
-    reveal_type(set_bare)  # revealed: set
-    reveal_type(set_parametrized)  # revealed: set
-
-    reveal_type(frozen_set_bare)  # revealed: frozenset
-    reveal_type(frozen_set_parametrized)  # revealed: frozenset
-
-    reveal_type(chain_map_bare)  # revealed: ChainMap
-    reveal_type(chain_map_parametrized)  # revealed: ChainMap
-
-    reveal_type(counter_bare)  # revealed: Counter
-    reveal_type(counter_parametrized)  # revealed: Counter
-
-    reveal_type(default_dict_bare)  # revealed: defaultdict
-    reveal_type(default_dict_parametrized)  # revealed: defaultdict
-
-    reveal_type(deque_bare)  # revealed: deque
-    reveal_type(deque_parametrized)  # revealed: deque
-
-    reveal_type(ordered_dict_bare)  # revealed: OrderedDict
-    reveal_type(ordered_dict_parametrized)  # revealed: OrderedDict
-```
-
-## Inheritance
-
-The aliases can be inherited from. Some of these are still partially or wholly TODOs.
-
-```py
-import typing
-
-####################
-### Built-ins
-
-class ListSubclass(typing.List): ...
-
-# TODO: should have `Generic`, should not have `Unknown`
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[ListSubclass], Literal[list], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(ListSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class DictSubclass(typing.Dict): ...
-
-# TODO: should have `Generic`, should not have `Unknown`
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[DictSubclass], Literal[dict], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(DictSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class SetSubclass(typing.Set): ...
-
-# TODO: should have `Generic`, should not have `Unknown`
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[SetSubclass], Literal[set], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(SetSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class FrozenSetSubclass(typing.FrozenSet): ...
-
-# TODO: should have `Generic`, should not have `Unknown`
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[FrozenSetSubclass], Literal[frozenset], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(FrozenSetSubclass.__mro__)
-
-####################
-### `collections`
-
-class ChainMapSubclass(typing.ChainMap): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be (ChainMapSubclass, ChainMap, MutableMapping, Mapping, Collection, Sized, Iterable, Container, Generic, object)
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[ChainMapSubclass], Literal[ChainMap], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(ChainMapSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class CounterSubclass(typing.Counter): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be (CounterSubclass, Counter, dict, MutableMapping, Mapping, Collection, Sized, Iterable, Container, Generic, object)
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[CounterSubclass], Literal[Counter], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(CounterSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class DefaultDictSubclass(typing.DefaultDict): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be (DefaultDictSubclass, defaultdict, dict, MutableMapping, Mapping, Collection, Sized, Iterable, Container, Generic, object)
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[DefaultDictSubclass], Literal[defaultdict], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(DefaultDictSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class DequeSubclass(typing.Deque): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be (DequeSubclass, deque, MutableSequence, Sequence, Reversible, Collection, Sized, Iterable, Container, Generic, object)
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[DequeSubclass], Literal[deque], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(DequeSubclass.__mro__)
-
-class OrderedDictSubclass(typing.OrderedDict): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be (OrderedDictSubclass, OrderedDict, dict, MutableMapping, Mapping, Collection, Sized, Iterable, Container, Generic, object)
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[OrderedDictSubclass], Literal[OrderedDict], Unknown, Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(OrderedDictSubclass.__mro__)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/string.md

@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-# String annotations
-
-## Simple
-
-```py
-def f(v: "int"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Nested
-
-```py
-def f(v: "'int'"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Type expression
-
-```py
-def f1(v: "int | str", w: "tuple[int, str]"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: int | str
-    reveal_type(w)  # revealed: tuple[int, str]
-```
-
-## Partial
-
-```py
-def f(v: tuple[int, "str"]):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: tuple[int, str]
-```
-
-## Deferred
-
-```py
-def f(v: "Foo"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: Foo
-
-class Foo: ...
-```
-
-## Deferred (undefined)
-
-```py
-# error: [unresolved-reference]
-def f(v: "Foo"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Partial deferred
-
-```py
-def f(v: int | "Foo"):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: int | Foo
-
-class Foo: ...
-```
-
-## `typing.Literal`
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-def f1(v: Literal["Foo", "Bar"], w: 'Literal["Foo", "Bar"]'):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: Literal["Foo", "Bar"]
-    reveal_type(w)  # revealed: Literal["Foo", "Bar"]
-
-class Foo: ...
-```
-
-## Various string kinds
-
-```py
-def f1(
-    # error: [raw-string-type-annotation] "Type expressions cannot use raw string literal"
-    a: r"int",
-    # error: [fstring-type-annotation] "Type expressions cannot use f-strings"
-    b: f"int",
-    # error: [byte-string-type-annotation] "Type expressions cannot use bytes literal"
-    c: b"int",
-    d: "int",
-    # error: [implicit-concatenated-string-type-annotation] "Type expressions cannot span multiple string literals"
-    e: "in" "t",
-    # error: [escape-character-in-forward-annotation] "Type expressions cannot contain escape characters"
-    f: "\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER I}nt",
-    # error: [escape-character-in-forward-annotation] "Type expressions cannot contain escape characters"
-    g: "\x69nt",
-    h: """int""",
-    # error: [byte-string-type-annotation] "Type expressions cannot use bytes literal"
-    i: "b'int'",
-):
-    reveal_type(a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(c)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(d)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(g)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(h)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(i)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Various string kinds in `typing.Literal`
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-def f(v: Literal["a", r"b", b"c", "d" "e", "\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER F}", "\x67", """h"""]):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: Literal["a", "b", b"c", "de", "f", "g", "h"]
-```
-
-## Class variables
-
-```py
-MyType = int
-
-class Aliases:
-    MyType = str
-
-    forward: "MyType"
-    not_forward: MyType
-
-reveal_type(Aliases.forward)  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(Aliases.not_forward)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-## Annotated assignment
-
-```py
-a: "int" = 1
-b: "'int'" = 1
-c: "Foo"
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal[1]` is not assignable to `Foo`"
-d: "Foo" = 1
-
-class Foo: ...
-
-c = Foo()
-
-reveal_type(a)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(c)  # revealed: Foo
-reveal_type(d)  # revealed: Foo
-```
-
-## Parameter
-
-TODO: Add tests once parameter inference is supported
-
-## Invalid expressions
-
-The expressions in these string annotations aren't valid expressions in this context but we
-shouldn't panic.
-
-```py
-a: "1 or 2"
-b: "(x := 1)"
-c: "1 + 2"
-d: "lambda x: x"
-e: "x if True else y"
-f: "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}"
-g: "{1, 2}"
-h: "[i for i in range(5)]"
-i: "{i for i in range(5)}"
-j: "{i: i for i in range(5)}"
-k: "(i for i in range(5))"
-l: "await 1"
-# error: [invalid-syntax-in-forward-annotation]
-m: "yield 1"
-# error: [invalid-syntax-in-forward-annotation]
-n: "yield from 1"
-o: "1 < 2"
-p: "call()"
-r: "[1, 2]"
-s: "(1, 2)"
-```
-
-## Multi line annotation
-
-Quoted type annotations should be parsed as if surrounded by parentheses.
-
-```py
-def valid(
-    a1: """(
-      int |
-      str
-  )
-  """,
-    a2: """
-     int |
-       str
-  """,
-):
-    reveal_type(a1)  # revealed: int | str
-    reveal_type(a2)  # revealed: int | str
-
-def invalid(
-    # error: [invalid-syntax-in-forward-annotation]
-    a1: """
-  int |
-str)
-""",
-    # error: [invalid-syntax-in-forward-annotation]
-    a2: """
-  int) |
-str
-""",
-    # error: [invalid-syntax-in-forward-annotation]
-    a3: """
-      (int)) """,
-):
-    pass
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/union.md

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-# Union
-
-## Annotation
-
-`typing.Union` can be used to construct union types same as `|` operator.
-
-```py
-from typing import Union
-
-a: Union[int, str]
-a1: Union[int, bool]
-a2: Union[int, Union[float, str]]
-a3: Union[int, None]
-a4: Union[Union[float, str]]
-a5: Union[int]
-a6: Union[()]
-
-def f():
-    # revealed: int | str
-    reveal_type(a)
-    # Since bool is a subtype of int we simplify to int here. But we do allow assigning boolean values (see below).
-    # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a1)
-    # revealed: int | float | str
-    reveal_type(a2)
-    # revealed: int | None
-    reveal_type(a3)
-    # revealed: float | str
-    reveal_type(a4)
-    # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a5)
-    # revealed: Never
-    reveal_type(a6)
-```
-
-## Assignment
-
-```py
-from typing import Union
-
-a: Union[int, str]
-a = 1
-a = ""
-a1: Union[int, bool]
-a1 = 1
-a1 = True
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal[b""]` is not assignable to `int | str`"
-a = b""
-```
-
-## Typing Extensions
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Union
-
-a: Union[int, str]
-
-def f():
-    # revealed: int | str
-    reveal_type(a)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/unsupported_special_forms.md

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# Unsupported special forms
-
-## Not yet supported
-
-Several special forms are unsupported by red-knot currently. However, we also don't emit
-false-positive errors if you use one in an annotation:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Self, TypeVarTuple, Unpack, TypeGuard, TypeIs, Concatenate, ParamSpec, TypeAlias, Callable, TypeVar
-
-P = ParamSpec("P")
-Ts = TypeVarTuple("Ts")
-R_co = TypeVar("R_co", covariant=True)
-
-Alias: TypeAlias = int
-
-def f(*args: Unpack[Ts]) -> tuple[Unpack[Ts]]:
-    # TODO: should understand the annotation
-    reveal_type(args)  # revealed: tuple
-
-    reveal_type(Alias)  # revealed: @Todo(Unsupported or invalid type in a type expression)
-
-def g() -> TypeGuard[int]: ...
-def h() -> TypeIs[int]: ...
-def i(callback: Callable[Concatenate[int, P], R_co], *args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> R_co:
-    # TODO: should understand the annotation
-    reveal_type(args)  # revealed: tuple
-
-    # TODO: should understand the annotation
-    reveal_type(kwargs)  # revealed: dict
-
-    return callback(42, *args, **kwargs)
-
-class Foo:
-    def method(self, x: Self):
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: @Todo(Unsupported or invalid type in a type expression)
-```
-
-## Inheritance
-
-You can't inherit from most of these. `typing.Callable` is an exception.
-
-```py
-from typing import Callable
-from typing_extensions import Self, Unpack, TypeGuard, TypeIs, Concatenate
-
-class A(Self): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class B(Unpack): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class C(TypeGuard): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class D(TypeIs): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class E(Concatenate): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class F(Callable): ...
-
-reveal_type(F.__mro__)  # revealed: tuple[Literal[F], @Todo(Support for Callable as a base class), Literal[object]]
-```
-
-## Subscriptability
-
-Some of these are not subscriptable:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Self, TypeAlias
-
-X: TypeAlias[T] = int  # error: [invalid-type-form]
-
-class Foo[T]:
-    # error: [invalid-type-form] "Special form `typing.Self` expected no type parameter"
-    # error: [invalid-type-form] "Special form `typing.Self` expected no type parameter"
-    def method(self: Self[int]) -> Self[int]:
-        reveal_type(self)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/unsupported_type_qualifiers.md

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-# Unsupported type qualifiers
-
-## Not yet supported
-
-Several type qualifiers are unsupported by red-knot currently. However, we also don't emit
-false-positive errors if you use one in an annotation:
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Final, Required, NotRequired, ReadOnly, TypedDict
-
-X: Final = 42
-Y: Final[int] = 42
-
-# TODO: `TypedDict` is actually valid as a base
-# error: [invalid-base]
-class Bar(TypedDict):
-    x: Required[int]
-    y: NotRequired[str]
-    z: ReadOnly[bytes]
-```
-
-## Inheritance
-
-You can't inherit from a type qualifier.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import Final, ClassVar, Required, NotRequired, ReadOnly
-
-class A(Final): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class B(ClassVar): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class C(Required): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class D(NotRequired): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-class E(ReadOnly): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/annotations.md

@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-# Assignment with annotations
-
-## Annotation only transparent to local inference
-
-```py
-x = 1
-x: int
-y = x
-
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-## Violates own annotation
-
-```py
-x: int = "foo"  # error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` is not assignable to `int`"
-```
-
-## Violates previous annotation
-
-```py
-x: int
-x = "foo"  # error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` is not assignable to `int`"
-```
-
-## Tuple annotations are understood
-
-```py path=module.py
-from typing_extensions import Unpack
-
-a: tuple[()] = ()
-b: tuple[int] = (42,)
-c: tuple[str, int] = ("42", 42)
-d: tuple[tuple[str, str], tuple[int, int]] = (("foo", "foo"), (42, 42))
-e: tuple[str, ...] = ()
-f: tuple[str, *tuple[int, ...], bytes] = ("42", b"42")
-g: tuple[str, Unpack[tuple[int, ...]], bytes] = ("42", b"42")
-h: tuple[list[int], list[int]] = ([], [])
-i: tuple[str | int, str | int] = (42, 42)
-j: tuple[str | int] = (42,)
-```
-
-```py path=script.py
-from module import a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j
-
-reveal_type(a)  # revealed: tuple[()]
-reveal_type(b)  # revealed: tuple[int]
-reveal_type(c)  # revealed: tuple[str, int]
-reveal_type(d)  # revealed: tuple[tuple[str, str], tuple[int, int]]
-
-# TODO: homogeneous tuples, PEP-646 tuples
-reveal_type(e)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-reveal_type(f)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-reveal_type(g)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-
-# TODO: support more kinds of type expressions in annotations
-reveal_type(h)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-
-reveal_type(i)  # revealed: tuple[str | int, str | int]
-reveal_type(j)  # revealed: tuple[str | int]
-```
-
-## Incorrect tuple assignments are complained about
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `tuple[Literal[1], Literal[2]]` is not assignable to `tuple[()]`"
-a: tuple[()] = (1, 2)
-
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `tuple[Literal["foo"]]` is not assignable to `tuple[int]`"
-b: tuple[int] = ("foo",)
-
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `tuple[list, Literal["foo"]]` is not assignable to `tuple[str | int, str]`"
-c: tuple[str | int, str] = ([], "foo")
-```
-
-## PEP-604 annotations are supported
-
-```py
-def foo(v: str | int | None, w: str | str | None, x: str | str):
-    reveal_type(v)  # revealed: str | int | None
-    reveal_type(w)  # revealed: str | None
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-## Attribute expressions in type annotations are understood
-
-```py
-import builtins
-
-int = "foo"
-a: builtins.int = 42
-
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal["bar"]` is not assignable to `int`"
-b: builtins.int = "bar"
-
-c: builtins.tuple[builtins.tuple[builtins.int, builtins.int], builtins.int] = ((42, 42), 42)
-
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` is not assignable to `tuple[tuple[int, int], int]`"
-c: builtins.tuple[builtins.tuple[builtins.int, builtins.int], builtins.int] = "foo"
-```
-
-## Future annotations are deferred
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-x: Foo
-
-class Foo: ...
-
-x = Foo()
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Foo
-```
-
-## Annotations in stub files are deferred
-
-```pyi path=main.pyi
-x: Foo
-
-class Foo: ...
-
-x = Foo()
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Foo
-```
-
-## Annotated assignments in stub files are inferred correctly
-
-```pyi path=main.pyi
-x: int = 1
-reveal_type(x) # revealed: Literal[1]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/augmented.md

@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-# Augmented assignment
-
-## Basic
-
-```py
-x = 3
-x -= 1
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-x = 1.0
-x /= 2
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-```
-
-## Dunder methods
-
-```py
-class C:
-    def __isub__(self, other: int) -> str:
-        return "Hello, world!"
-
-x = C()
-x -= 1
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-
-class C:
-    def __iadd__(self, other: str) -> float:
-        return 1.0
-
-x = C()
-x += "Hello"
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-```
-
-## Unsupported types
-
-```py
-class C:
-    def __isub__(self, other: str) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-x = C()
-# error: [invalid-argument-type]
-x -= 1
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Method union
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        if flag:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> str:
-                return "Hello, world!"
-        else:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> int:
-                return 42
-
-    f = Foo()
-    f += 12
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: str | int
-```
-
-## Partially bound `__iadd__`
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        if flag:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: str) -> int:
-                return 42
-
-    f = Foo()
-
-    # TODO: We should emit an `unsupported-operator` error here, possibly with the information
-    # that `Foo.__iadd__` may be unbound as additional context.
-    f += "Hello, world!"
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: int | Unknown
-```
-
-## Partially bound with `__add__`
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        def __add__(self, other: str) -> str:
-            return "Hello, world!"
-        if flag:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: str) -> int:
-                return 42
-
-    f = Foo()
-    f += "Hello, world!"
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: int | str
-```
-
-## Partially bound target union
-
-```py
-def _(flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        def __add__(self, other: int) -> str:
-            return "Hello, world!"
-        if flag1:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> int:
-                return 42
-
-    if flag2:
-        f = Foo()
-    else:
-        f = 42.0
-    f += 12
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: int | str | float
-```
-
-## Target union
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> str:
-            return "Hello, world!"
-
-    if flag:
-        f = Foo()
-    else:
-        f = 42.0
-    f += 12
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: str | float
-```
-
-## Partially bound target union with `__add__`
-
-```py
-def f(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    class Foo:
-        def __add__(self, other: int) -> str:
-            return "Hello, world!"
-        if flag:
-            def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> int:
-                return 42
-
-    class Bar:
-        def __add__(self, other: int) -> bytes:
-            return b"Hello, world!"
-
-        def __iadd__(self, other: int) -> float:
-            return 42.0
-
-    if flag2:
-        f = Foo()
-    else:
-        f = Bar()
-    f += 12
-
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: int | str | float
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/multi_target.md

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# Multi-target assignment
-
-## Basic
-
-```py
-x = y = 1
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/unbound.md

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-# Unbound
-
-## Unbound
-
-```py
-x = foo  # error: [unresolved-reference] "Name `foo` used when not defined"
-foo = 1
-
-# No error `unresolved-reference` diagnostic is reported for `x`. This is
-# desirable because we would get a lot of cascading errors even though there
-# is only one root cause (the unbound variable `foo`).
-
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(x)
-```
-
-Note: in this particular example, one could argue that the most likely error would be a wrong order
-of the `x`/`foo` definitions, and so it could be desirable to infer `Literal[1]` for the type of
-`x`. On the other hand, there might be a variable `fob` a little higher up in this file, and the
-actual error might have been just a typo. Inferring `Unknown` thus seems like the safest option.

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/assignment/walrus.md

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-# Walrus operator
-
-## Basic
-
-```py
-x = (y := 1) + 1
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-## Walrus self-addition
-
-```py
-x = 0
-(x := x + 1)
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/attributes.md

@@ -1,503 +0,0 @@
-# Attributes
-
-Tests for attribute access on various kinds of types.
-
-## Class and instance variables
-
-### Pure instance variables
-
-#### Variable only declared/bound in `__init__`
-
-Variables only declared and/or bound in `__init__` are pure instance variables. They cannot be
-accessed on the class itself.
-
-```py
-class C:
-    def __init__(self, value2: int, flag: bool = False) -> None:
-        # bound but not declared
-        self.pure_instance_variable1 = "value set in __init__"
-
-        # bound but not declared - with type inferred from parameter
-        self.pure_instance_variable2 = value2
-
-        # declared but not bound
-        self.pure_instance_variable3: bytes
-
-        # declared and bound
-        self.pure_instance_variable4: bool = True
-
-        # possibly undeclared/unbound
-        if flag:
-            self.pure_instance_variable5: str = "possibly set in __init__"
-
-c_instance = C(1)
-
-# TODO: should be `Literal["value set in __init__"]`, or `Unknown | Literal[…]` to allow
-# assignments to this unannotated attribute from other scopes.
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable1)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should be `int`
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable2)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should be `bytes`
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable3)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should be `bool`
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable4)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should be `str`
-# We probably don't want to emit a diagnostic for this being possibly undeclared/unbound.
-# mypy and pyright do not show an error here.
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable5)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: If we choose to infer a precise `Literal[…]` type for the instance attribute (see
-# above), this should be an error: incompatible types in assignment. If we choose to infer
-# a gradual `Unknown | Literal[…]` type, this assignment is fine.
-c_instance.pure_instance_variable1 = "value set on instance"
-
-# TODO: this should be an error (incompatible types in assignment)
-c_instance.pure_instance_variable2 = "incompatible"
-
-# TODO: we already show an error here but the message might be improved?
-# mypy shows no error here, but pyright raises "reportAttributeAccessIssue"
-# error: [unresolved-attribute] "Type `Literal[C]` has no attribute `pure_instance_variable1`"
-reveal_type(C.pure_instance_variable1)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# TODO: this should be an error (pure instance variables cannot be accessed on the class)
-# mypy shows no error here, but pyright raises "reportAttributeAccessIssue"
-C.pure_instance_variable1 = "overwritten on class"
-
-c_instance.pure_instance_variable4 = False
-
-# TODO: After this assignment to the attribute within this scope, we may eventually want to narrow
-# the `bool` type (see above) for this instance variable to `Literal[False]` here. This is unsound
-# in general (we don't know what else happened to `c_instance` between the assignment and the use
-# here), but mypy and pyright support this. In conclusion, this could be `bool` but should probably
-# be `Literal[False]`.
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable4)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-#### Variable declared in class body and declared/bound in `__init__`
-
-The same rule applies even if the variable is *declared* (not bound!) in the class body: it is still
-a pure instance variable.
-
-```py
-class C:
-    pure_instance_variable: str
-
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self.pure_instance_variable = "value set in __init__"
-
-c_instance = C()
-
-# TODO: should be `str`
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: we currently plan to emit a diagnostic here. Note that both mypy
-# and pyright show no error in this case! So we may reconsider this in
-# the future, if it turns out to produce too many false positives.
-reveal_type(C.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: str
-
-# TODO: same as above. We plan to emit a diagnostic here, even if both mypy
-# and pyright allow this.
-C.pure_instance_variable = "overwritten on class"
-
-# TODO: this should be an error (incompatible types in assignment)
-c_instance.pure_instance_variable = 1
-```
-
-#### Variable only defined in unrelated method
-
-We also recognize pure instance variables if they are defined in a method that is not `__init__`.
-
-```py
-class C:
-    def set_instance_variable(self) -> None:
-        self.pure_instance_variable = "value set in method"
-
-c_instance = C()
-
-# Not that we would use this in static analysis, but for a more realistic example, let's actually
-# call the method, so that the attribute is bound if this example is actually run.
-c_instance.set_instance_variable()
-
-# TODO: should be `Literal["value set in method"]` or `Unknown | Literal[…]` (see above).
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: We already show an error here, but the message might be improved?
-# error: [unresolved-attribute]
-reveal_type(C.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# TODO: this should be an error
-C.pure_instance_variable = "overwritten on class"
-```
-
-#### Variable declared in class body and not bound anywhere
-
-If a variable is declared in the class body but not bound anywhere, we still consider it a pure
-instance variable and allow access to it via instances.
-
-```py
-class C:
-    pure_instance_variable: str
-
-c_instance = C()
-
-# TODO: should be 'str'
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: mypy and pyright do not show an error here, but we plan to emit a diagnostic.
-# The type could be changed to 'Unknown' if we decide to emit an error?
-reveal_type(C.pure_instance_variable)  # revealed: str
-
-# TODO: mypy and pyright do not show an error here, but we plan to emit one.
-C.pure_instance_variable = "overwritten on class"
-```
-
-### Pure class variables (`ClassVar`)
-
-#### Annotated with `ClassVar` type qualifier
-
-Class variables annotated with the [`typing.ClassVar`] type qualifier are pure class variables. They
-cannot be overwritten on instances, but they can be accessed on instances.
-
-For more details, see the [typing spec on `ClassVar`].
-
-```py
-from typing import ClassVar
-
-class C:
-    pure_class_variable1: ClassVar[str] = "value in class body"
-    pure_class_variable2: ClassVar = 1
-
-reveal_type(C.pure_class_variable1)  # revealed: str
-
-# TODO: this should be `Literal[1]`, or `Unknown | Literal[1]`.
-reveal_type(C.pure_class_variable2)  # revealed: @Todo(Unsupported or invalid type in a type expression)
-
-c_instance = C()
-
-# TODO: This should be `str`. It is okay to access a pure class variable on an instance.
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_class_variable1)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should raise an error. It is not allowed to reassign a pure class variable on an instance.
-c_instance.pure_class_variable1 = "value set on instance"
-
-C.pure_class_variable1 = "overwritten on class"
-
-# TODO: should raise an error (incompatible types in assignment)
-C.pure_class_variable1 = 1
-
-class Subclass(C):
-    pure_class_variable1: ClassVar[str] = "overwritten on subclass"
-
-reveal_type(Subclass.pure_class_variable1)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-#### Variable only mentioned in a class method
-
-We also consider a class variable to be a pure class variable if it is only mentioned in a class
-method.
-
-```py
-class C:
-    @classmethod
-    def class_method(cls):
-        cls.pure_class_variable = "value set in class method"
-
-# for a more realistic example, let's actually call the method
-C.class_method()
-
-# TODO: We currently plan to support this and show no error here.
-# mypy shows an error here, pyright does not.
-# error: [unresolved-attribute]
-reveal_type(C.pure_class_variable)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-C.pure_class_variable = "overwritten on class"
-
-# TODO: should be `Literal["overwritten on class"]`
-# error: [unresolved-attribute]
-reveal_type(C.pure_class_variable)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-c_instance = C()
-# TODO: should be `Literal["overwritten on class"]`
-reveal_type(c_instance.pure_class_variable)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-# TODO: should raise an error.
-c_instance.pure_class_variable = "value set on instance"
-```
-
-### Instance variables with class-level default values
-
-These are instance attributes, but the fact that we can see that they have a binding (not a
-declaration) in the class body means that reading the value from the class directly is also
-permitted. This is the only difference for these attributes as opposed to "pure" instance
-attributes.
-
-#### Basic
-
-```py
-class C:
-    variable_with_class_default: str = "value in class body"
-
-    def instance_method(self):
-        self.variable_with_class_default = "value set in instance method"
-
-reveal_type(C.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: str
-
-c_instance = C()
-
-# TODO: should be `str`
-reveal_type(c_instance.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-c_instance.variable_with_class_default = "value set on instance"
-
-reveal_type(C.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: str
-
-# TODO: Could be Literal["value set on instance"], or still `str` if we choose not to
-# narrow the type.
-reveal_type(c_instance.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-C.variable_with_class_default = "overwritten on class"
-
-# TODO: Could be `Literal["overwritten on class"]`, or still `str` if we choose not to
-# narrow the type.
-reveal_type(C.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: str
-
-# TODO: should still be `Literal["value set on instance"]`, or `str`.
-reveal_type(c_instance.variable_with_class_default)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-## Union of attributes
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        class C1:
-            x = 1
-
-    else:
-        class C1:
-            x = 2
-
-    class C2:
-        if flag:
-            x = 3
-        else:
-            x = 4
-
-    reveal_type(C1.x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2]
-    reveal_type(C2.x)  # revealed: Literal[3, 4]
-```
-
-## Inherited class attributes
-
-### Basic
-
-```py
-class A:
-    X = "foo"
-
-class B(A): ...
-class C(B): ...
-
-reveal_type(C.X)  # revealed: Literal["foo"]
-```
-
-### Multiple inheritance
-
-```py
-class O: ...
-
-class F(O):
-    X = 56
-
-class E(O):
-    X = 42
-
-class D(O): ...
-class C(D, F): ...
-class B(E, D): ...
-class A(B, C): ...
-
-# revealed: tuple[Literal[A], Literal[B], Literal[E], Literal[C], Literal[D], Literal[F], Literal[O], Literal[object]]
-reveal_type(A.__mro__)
-
-# `E` is earlier in the MRO than `F`, so we should use the type of `E.X`
-reveal_type(A.X)  # revealed: Literal[42]
-```
-
-## Unions with possibly unbound paths
-
-### Definite boundness within a class
-
-In this example, the `x` attribute is not defined in the `C2` element of the union:
-
-```py
-def _(flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    class C1:
-        x = 1
-
-    class C2: ...
-
-    class C3:
-        x = 3
-
-    C = C1 if flag1 else C2 if flag2 else C3
-
-    # error: [possibly-unbound-attribute] "Attribute `x` on type `Literal[C1, C2, C3]` is possibly unbound"
-    reveal_type(C.x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 3]
-```
-
-### Possibly-unbound within a class
-
-We raise the same diagnostic if the attribute is possibly-unbound in at least one element of the
-union:
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    class C1:
-        x = 1
-
-    class C2:
-        if flag:
-            x = 2
-
-    class C3:
-        x = 3
-
-    C = C1 if flag1 else C2 if flag2 else C3
-
-    # error: [possibly-unbound-attribute] "Attribute `x` on type `Literal[C1, C2, C3]` is possibly unbound"
-    reveal_type(C.x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2, 3]
-```
-
-### Unions with all paths unbound
-
-If the symbol is unbound in all elements of the union, we detect that:
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class C1: ...
-    class C2: ...
-    C = C1 if flag else C2
-
-    # error: [unresolved-attribute] "Type `Literal[C1, C2]` has no attribute `x`"
-    reveal_type(C.x)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Objects of all types have a `__class__` method
-
-```py
-import typing_extensions
-
-reveal_type(typing_extensions.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[ModuleType]
-
-a = 42
-reveal_type(a.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[int]
-
-b = "42"
-reveal_type(b.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[str]
-
-c = b"42"
-reveal_type(c.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[bytes]
-
-d = True
-reveal_type(d.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[bool]
-
-e = (42, 42)
-reveal_type(e.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[tuple]
-
-def f(a: int, b: typing_extensions.LiteralString, c: int | str, d: type[str]):
-    reveal_type(a.__class__)  # revealed: type[int]
-    reveal_type(b.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[str]
-    reveal_type(c.__class__)  # revealed: type[int] | type[str]
-
-    # `type[type]`, a.k.a., either the class `type` or some subclass of `type`.
-    # It would be incorrect to infer `Literal[type]` here,
-    # as `c` could be some subclass of `str` with a custom metaclass.
-    # All we know is that the metaclass must be a (non-strict) subclass of `type`.
-    reveal_type(d.__class__)  # revealed: type[type]
-
-reveal_type(f.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[FunctionType]
-
-class Foo: ...
-
-reveal_type(Foo.__class__)  # revealed: Literal[type]
-```
-
-## Literal types
-
-### Function-literal attributes
-
-Most attribute accesses on function-literal types are delegated to `types.FunctionType`, since all
-functions are instances of that class:
-
-```py path=a.py
-def f(): ...
-
-reveal_type(f.__defaults__)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-reveal_type(f.__kwdefaults__)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-Some attributes are special-cased, however:
-
-```py path=b.py
-def f(): ...
-
-reveal_type(f.__get__)  # revealed: @Todo(`__get__` method on functions)
-reveal_type(f.__call__)  # revealed: @Todo(`__call__` method on functions)
-```
-
-### Int-literal attributes
-
-Most attribute accesses on int-literal types are delegated to `builtins.int`, since all literal
-integers are instances of that class:
-
-```py path=a.py
-reveal_type((2).bit_length)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-reveal_type((2).denominator)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-Some attributes are special-cased, however:
-
-```py path=b.py
-reveal_type((2).numerator)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type((2).real)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-```
-
-### Bool-literal attributes
-
-Most attribute accesses on bool-literal types are delegated to `builtins.bool`, since all literal
-bols are instances of that class:
-
-```py path=a.py
-reveal_type(True.__and__)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-reveal_type(False.__or__)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-Some attributes are special-cased, however:
-
-```py path=b.py
-reveal_type(True.numerator)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(False.real)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-```
-
-### Bytes-literal attributes
-
-All attribute access on literal `bytes` types is currently delegated to `buitins.bytes`:
-
-```py
-reveal_type(b"foo".join)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-reveal_type(b"foo".endswith)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-## References
-
-Some of the tests in the *Class and instance variables* section draw inspiration from
-[pyright's documentation] on this topic.
-
-[pyright's documentation]: https://microsoft.github.io/pyright/#/type-concepts-advanced?id=class-and-instance-variables
-[typing spec on `classvar`]: https://typing.readthedocs.io/en/latest/spec/class-compat.html#classvar
-[`typing.classvar`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.ClassVar

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/binary/booleans.md

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-## Binary operations on booleans
-
-## Basic Arithmetic
-
-We try to be precise and all operations except for division will result in Literal type.
-
-```py
-a = True
-b = False
-
-reveal_type(a + a)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(a + b)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b + a)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b + b)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-reveal_type(a - a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(a - b)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b - a)  # revealed: Literal[-1]
-reveal_type(b - b)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-reveal_type(a * a)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(a * b)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(b * a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(b * b)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-reveal_type(a % a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(b % a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-reveal_type(a // a)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b // a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-reveal_type(a**a)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(a**b)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(b**a)  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(b**b)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-# Division
-reveal_type(a / a)  # revealed: float
-reveal_type(b / a)  # revealed: float
-b / b  # error: [division-by-zero] "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[False]` by zero"
-a / b  # error: [division-by-zero] "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[True]` by zero"
-
-# bitwise OR
-reveal_type(a | a)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a | b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b | a)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b | b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-## Arithmetic with a variable
-
-```py
-a = True
-b = False
-
-def lhs_is_int(x: int):
-    reveal_type(x + a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x - a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x * a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x // a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x / a)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(x % a)  # revealed: int
-
-def rhs_is_int(x: int):
-    reveal_type(a + x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a - x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a * x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a // x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a / x)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(a % x)  # revealed: int
-
-def lhs_is_bool(x: bool):
-    reveal_type(x + a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x - a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x * a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x // a)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x / a)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(x % a)  # revealed: int
-
-def rhs_is_bool(x: bool):
-    reveal_type(a + x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a - x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a * x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a // x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(a / x)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(a % x)  # revealed: int
-
-def both_are_bool(x: bool, y: bool):
-    reveal_type(x + y)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x - y)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x * y)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x // y)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x / y)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(x % y)  # revealed: int
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/binary/classes.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# Binary operations on classes
-
-## Union of two classes
-
-Unioning two classes via the `|` operator is only available in Python 3.10 and later.
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.10"
-```
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-class B: ...
-
-reveal_type(A | B)  # revealed: UnionType
-```
-
-## Union of two classes (prior to 3.10)
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-class B: ...
-
-# error: "Operator `|` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[A]` and `Literal[B]`"
-reveal_type(A | B)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/binary/custom.md

@@ -1,371 +0,0 @@
-# Custom binary operations
-
-## Class instances
-
-```py
-class Yes:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> Literal["+"]:
-        return "+"
-
-    def __sub__(self, other) -> Literal["-"]:
-        return "-"
-
-    def __mul__(self, other) -> Literal["*"]:
-        return "*"
-
-    def __matmul__(self, other) -> Literal["@"]:
-        return "@"
-
-    def __truediv__(self, other) -> Literal["/"]:
-        return "/"
-
-    def __mod__(self, other) -> Literal["%"]:
-        return "%"
-
-    def __pow__(self, other) -> Literal["**"]:
-        return "**"
-
-    def __lshift__(self, other) -> Literal["<<"]:
-        return "<<"
-
-    def __rshift__(self, other) -> Literal[">>"]:
-        return ">>"
-
-    def __or__(self, other) -> Literal["|"]:
-        return "|"
-
-    def __xor__(self, other) -> Literal["^"]:
-        return "^"
-
-    def __and__(self, other) -> Literal["&"]:
-        return "&"
-
-    def __floordiv__(self, other) -> Literal["//"]:
-        return "//"
-
-class Sub(Yes): ...
-class No: ...
-
-# Yes implements all of the dunder methods.
-reveal_type(Yes() + Yes())  # revealed: Literal["+"]
-reveal_type(Yes() - Yes())  # revealed: Literal["-"]
-reveal_type(Yes() * Yes())  # revealed: Literal["*"]
-reveal_type(Yes() @ Yes())  # revealed: Literal["@"]
-reveal_type(Yes() / Yes())  # revealed: Literal["/"]
-reveal_type(Yes() % Yes())  # revealed: Literal["%"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ** Yes())  # revealed: Literal["**"]
-reveal_type(Yes() << Yes())  # revealed: Literal["<<"]
-reveal_type(Yes() >> Yes())  # revealed: Literal[">>"]
-reveal_type(Yes() | Yes())  # revealed: Literal["|"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ^ Yes())  # revealed: Literal["^"]
-reveal_type(Yes() & Yes())  # revealed: Literal["&"]
-reveal_type(Yes() // Yes())  # revealed: Literal["//"]
-
-# Sub inherits Yes's implementation of the dunder methods.
-reveal_type(Sub() + Sub())  # revealed: Literal["+"]
-reveal_type(Sub() - Sub())  # revealed: Literal["-"]
-reveal_type(Sub() * Sub())  # revealed: Literal["*"]
-reveal_type(Sub() @ Sub())  # revealed: Literal["@"]
-reveal_type(Sub() / Sub())  # revealed: Literal["/"]
-reveal_type(Sub() % Sub())  # revealed: Literal["%"]
-reveal_type(Sub() ** Sub())  # revealed: Literal["**"]
-reveal_type(Sub() << Sub())  # revealed: Literal["<<"]
-reveal_type(Sub() >> Sub())  # revealed: Literal[">>"]
-reveal_type(Sub() | Sub())  # revealed: Literal["|"]
-reveal_type(Sub() ^ Sub())  # revealed: Literal["^"]
-reveal_type(Sub() & Sub())  # revealed: Literal["&"]
-reveal_type(Sub() // Sub())  # revealed: Literal["//"]
-
-# No does not implement any of the dunder methods.
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() + No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `-` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() - No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `*` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() * No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `@` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() @ No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `/` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() / No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `%` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() % No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `**` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() ** No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<<` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() << No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>>` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() >> No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `|` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() | No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `^` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() ^ No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `&` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() & No())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `//` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `No`"
-reveal_type(No() // No())  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# Yes does not implement any of the reflected dunder methods.
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() + Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `-` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() - Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `*` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() * Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `@` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() @ Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `/` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() / Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `%` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() % Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `**` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() ** Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<<` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() << Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>>` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() >> Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `|` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() | Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `^` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() ^ Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `&` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() & Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `//` is unsupported between objects of type `No` and `Yes`"
-reveal_type(No() // Yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Subclass reflections override superclass dunders
-
-```py
-class Yes:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> Literal["+"]:
-        return "+"
-
-    def __sub__(self, other) -> Literal["-"]:
-        return "-"
-
-    def __mul__(self, other) -> Literal["*"]:
-        return "*"
-
-    def __matmul__(self, other) -> Literal["@"]:
-        return "@"
-
-    def __truediv__(self, other) -> Literal["/"]:
-        return "/"
-
-    def __mod__(self, other) -> Literal["%"]:
-        return "%"
-
-    def __pow__(self, other) -> Literal["**"]:
-        return "**"
-
-    def __lshift__(self, other) -> Literal["<<"]:
-        return "<<"
-
-    def __rshift__(self, other) -> Literal[">>"]:
-        return ">>"
-
-    def __or__(self, other) -> Literal["|"]:
-        return "|"
-
-    def __xor__(self, other) -> Literal["^"]:
-        return "^"
-
-    def __and__(self, other) -> Literal["&"]:
-        return "&"
-
-    def __floordiv__(self, other) -> Literal["//"]:
-        return "//"
-
-class Sub(Yes):
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> Literal["r+"]:
-        return "r+"
-
-    def __rsub__(self, other) -> Literal["r-"]:
-        return "r-"
-
-    def __rmul__(self, other) -> Literal["r*"]:
-        return "r*"
-
-    def __rmatmul__(self, other) -> Literal["r@"]:
-        return "r@"
-
-    def __rtruediv__(self, other) -> Literal["r/"]:
-        return "r/"
-
-    def __rmod__(self, other) -> Literal["r%"]:
-        return "r%"
-
-    def __rpow__(self, other) -> Literal["r**"]:
-        return "r**"
-
-    def __rlshift__(self, other) -> Literal["r<<"]:
-        return "r<<"
-
-    def __rrshift__(self, other) -> Literal["r>>"]:
-        return "r>>"
-
-    def __ror__(self, other) -> Literal["r|"]:
-        return "r|"
-
-    def __rxor__(self, other) -> Literal["r^"]:
-        return "r^"
-
-    def __rand__(self, other) -> Literal["r&"]:
-        return "r&"
-
-    def __rfloordiv__(self, other) -> Literal["r//"]:
-        return "r//"
-
-class No:
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> Literal["r+"]:
-        return "r+"
-
-    def __rsub__(self, other) -> Literal["r-"]:
-        return "r-"
-
-    def __rmul__(self, other) -> Literal["r*"]:
-        return "r*"
-
-    def __rmatmul__(self, other) -> Literal["r@"]:
-        return "r@"
-
-    def __rtruediv__(self, other) -> Literal["r/"]:
-        return "r/"
-
-    def __rmod__(self, other) -> Literal["r%"]:
-        return "r%"
-
-    def __rpow__(self, other) -> Literal["r**"]:
-        return "r**"
-
-    def __rlshift__(self, other) -> Literal["r<<"]:
-        return "r<<"
-
-    def __rrshift__(self, other) -> Literal["r>>"]:
-        return "r>>"
-
-    def __ror__(self, other) -> Literal["r|"]:
-        return "r|"
-
-    def __rxor__(self, other) -> Literal["r^"]:
-        return "r^"
-
-    def __rand__(self, other) -> Literal["r&"]:
-        return "r&"
-
-    def __rfloordiv__(self, other) -> Literal["r//"]:
-        return "r//"
-
-# Subclass reflected dunder methods take precedence over the superclass's regular dunders.
-reveal_type(Yes() + Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r+"]
-reveal_type(Yes() - Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r-"]
-reveal_type(Yes() * Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r*"]
-reveal_type(Yes() @ Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r@"]
-reveal_type(Yes() / Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r/"]
-reveal_type(Yes() % Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r%"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ** Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r**"]
-reveal_type(Yes() << Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r<<"]
-reveal_type(Yes() >> Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r>>"]
-reveal_type(Yes() | Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r|"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ^ Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r^"]
-reveal_type(Yes() & Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r&"]
-reveal_type(Yes() // Sub())  # revealed: Literal["r//"]
-
-# But for an unrelated class, the superclass regular dunders are used.
-reveal_type(Yes() + No())  # revealed: Literal["+"]
-reveal_type(Yes() - No())  # revealed: Literal["-"]
-reveal_type(Yes() * No())  # revealed: Literal["*"]
-reveal_type(Yes() @ No())  # revealed: Literal["@"]
-reveal_type(Yes() / No())  # revealed: Literal["/"]
-reveal_type(Yes() % No())  # revealed: Literal["%"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ** No())  # revealed: Literal["**"]
-reveal_type(Yes() << No())  # revealed: Literal["<<"]
-reveal_type(Yes() >> No())  # revealed: Literal[">>"]
-reveal_type(Yes() | No())  # revealed: Literal["|"]
-reveal_type(Yes() ^ No())  # revealed: Literal["^"]
-reveal_type(Yes() & No())  # revealed: Literal["&"]
-reveal_type(Yes() // No())  # revealed: Literal["//"]
-```
-
-## Classes
-
-Dunder methods defined in a class are available to instances of that class, but not to the class
-itself. (For these operators to work on the class itself, they would have to be defined on the
-class's type, i.e. `type`.)
-
-```py
-class Yes:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> Literal["+"]:
-        return "+"
-
-class Sub(Yes): ...
-class No: ...
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[Yes]` and `Literal[Yes]`"
-reveal_type(Yes + Yes)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[Sub]` and `Literal[Sub]`"
-reveal_type(Sub + Sub)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[No]` and `Literal[No]`"
-reveal_type(No + No)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Subclass
-
-```py
-class Yes:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> Literal["+"]:
-        return "+"
-
-class Sub(Yes): ...
-class No: ...
-
-def yes() -> type[Yes]:
-    return Yes
-
-def sub() -> type[Sub]:
-    return Sub
-
-def no() -> type[No]:
-    return No
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `type[Yes]` and `type[Yes]`"
-reveal_type(yes() + yes())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `type[Sub]` and `type[Sub]`"
-reveal_type(sub() + sub())  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `type[No]` and `type[No]`"
-reveal_type(no() + no())  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Function literals
-
-```py
-def f():
-    pass
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f + f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `-` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f - f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `*` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f * f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `@` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f @ f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `/` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f / f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `%` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f % f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `**` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f**f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<<` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f << f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>>` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f >> f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `|` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f | f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `^` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f ^ f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `&` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f & f)  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `//` is unsupported between objects of type `Literal[f]` and `Literal[f]`"
-reveal_type(f // f)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/binary/instances.md

@@ -1,427 +0,0 @@
-# Binary operations on instances
-
-Binary operations in Python are implemented by means of magic double-underscore methods.
-
-For references, see:
-
-- <https://snarky.ca/unravelling-binary-arithmetic-operations-in-python/>
-- <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#emulating-numeric-types>
-
-## Operations
-
-We support inference for all Python's binary operators: `+`, `-`, `*`, `@`, `/`, `//`, `%`, `**`,
-`<<`, `>>`, `&`, `^`, and `|`.
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __sub__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __mul__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __matmul__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __truediv__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __floordiv__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __mod__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __pow__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __lshift__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rshift__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __and__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __xor__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __or__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-class B: ...
-
-reveal_type(A() + B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() - B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() * B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() @ B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() / B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() // B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() % B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() ** B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() << B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() >> B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() & B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() ^ B())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() | B())  # revealed: A
-```
-
-## Reflected
-
-We also support inference for reflected operations:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rsub__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rmul__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rmatmul__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rtruediv__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rfloordiv__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rmod__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rpow__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rlshift__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rrshift__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rand__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __rxor__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __ror__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-class B: ...
-
-reveal_type(B() + A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() - A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() * A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() @ A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() / A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() // A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() % A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() ** A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() << A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() >> A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() & A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() ^ A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(B() | A())  # revealed: A
-```
-
-## Returning a different type
-
-The magic methods aren't required to return the type of `self`:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> int:
-        return 1
-
-    def __rsub__(self, other) -> int:
-        return 1
-
-class B: ...
-
-reveal_type(A() + B())  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(B() - A())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Non-reflected precedence in general
-
-In general, if the left-hand side defines `__add__` and the right-hand side defines `__radd__` and
-the right-hand side is not a subtype of the left-hand side, `lhs.__add__` will take precedence:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other: B) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-class B:
-    def __radd__(self, other: A) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-reveal_type(A() + B())  # revealed:  int
-
-# Edge case: C is a subtype of C, *but* if the two sides are of *equal* types,
-# the lhs *still* takes precedence
-class C:
-    def __add__(self, other: C) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __radd__(self, other: C) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-reveal_type(C() + C())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Reflected precedence for subtypes (in some cases)
-
-If the right-hand operand is a subtype of the left-hand operand and has a different implementation
-of the reflected method, the reflected method on the right-hand operand takes precedence.
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-class MyString(str): ...
-
-class B(A):
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> MyString:
-        return MyString()
-
-reveal_type(A() + B())  # revealed: MyString
-
-# N.B. Still a subtype of `A`, even though `A` does not appear directly in the class's `__bases__`
-class C(B): ...
-
-reveal_type(A() + C())  # revealed: MyString
-```
-
-## Reflected precedence 2
-
-If the right-hand operand is a subtype of the left-hand operand, but does not override the reflected
-method, the left-hand operand's non-reflected method still takes precedence:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-class B(A): ...
-
-reveal_type(A() + B())  # revealed: str
-```
-
-## Only reflected supported
-
-For example, at runtime, `(1).__add__(1.2)` is `NotImplemented`, but `(1.2).__radd__(1) == 2.2`,
-meaning that `1 + 1.2` succeeds at runtime (producing `2.2`). The runtime tries the second one only
-if the first one returns `NotImplemented` to signal failure.
-
-Typeshed and other stubs annotate dunder-method calls that would return `NotImplemented` as being
-"illegal" calls. `int.__add__` is annotated as only "accepting" `int`s, even though it
-strictly-speaking "accepts" any other object without raising an exception -- it will simply return
-`NotImplemented`, allowing the runtime to try the `__radd__` method of the right-hand operand as
-well.
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __sub__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-class B:
-    def __rsub__(self, other: A) -> B:
-        return B()
-
-# TODO: this should be `B` (the return annotation of `B.__rsub__`),
-# because `A.__sub__` is annotated as only accepting `A`,
-# but `B.__rsub__` will accept `A`.
-reveal_type(A() - B())  # revealed: A
-```
-
-## Callable instances as dunders
-
-Believe it or not, this is supported at runtime:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __call__(self, other) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-class B:
-    __add__ = A()
-
-reveal_type(B() + B())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Integration test: numbers from typeshed
-
-```py
-reveal_type(3j + 3.14)  # revealed: complex
-reveal_type(4.2 + 42)  # revealed: float
-reveal_type(3j + 3)  # revealed: complex
-
-# TODO should be complex, need to check arg type and fall back to `rhs.__radd__`
-reveal_type(3.14 + 3j)  # revealed: float
-
-# TODO should be float, need to check arg type and fall back to `rhs.__radd__`
-reveal_type(42 + 4.2)  # revealed: int
-
-# TODO should be complex, need to check arg type and fall back to `rhs.__radd__`
-reveal_type(3 + 3j)  # revealed: int
-
-def _(x: bool, y: int):
-    reveal_type(x + y)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(4.2 + x)  # revealed: float
-
-    # TODO should be float, need to check arg type and fall back to `rhs.__radd__`
-    reveal_type(y + 4.12)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## With literal types
-
-When we have a literal type for one operand, we're able to fall back to the instance handling for
-its instance super-type.
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> A:
-        return self
-
-reveal_type(A() + 1)  # revealed: A
-# TODO should be `A` since `int.__add__` doesn't support `A` instances
-reveal_type(1 + A())  # revealed: int
-
-reveal_type(A() + "foo")  # revealed: A
-# TODO should be `A` since `str.__add__` doesn't support `A` instances
-# TODO overloads
-reveal_type("foo" + A())  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-
-reveal_type(A() + b"foo")  # revealed: A
-# TODO should be `A` since `bytes.__add__` doesn't support `A` instances
-reveal_type(b"foo" + A())  # revealed: bytes
-
-reveal_type(A() + ())  # revealed: A
-# TODO this should be `A`, since `tuple.__add__` doesn't support `A` instances
-reveal_type(() + A())  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-
-literal_string_instance = "foo" * 1_000_000_000
-# the test is not testing what it's meant to be testing if this isn't a `LiteralString`:
-reveal_type(literal_string_instance)  # revealed: LiteralString
-
-reveal_type(A() + literal_string_instance)  # revealed: A
-# TODO should be `A` since `str.__add__` doesn't support `A` instances
-# TODO overloads
-reveal_type(literal_string_instance + A())  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-```
-
-## Operations involving instances of classes inheriting from `Any`
-
-`Any` and `Unknown` represent a set of possible runtime objects, wherein the bounds of the set are
-unknown. Whether the left-hand operand's dunder or the right-hand operand's reflected dunder depends
-on whether the right-hand operand is an instance of a class that is a subclass of the left-hand
-operand's class and overrides the reflected dunder. In the following example, because of the
-unknowable nature of `Any`/`Unknown`, we must consider both possibilities: `Any`/`Unknown` might
-resolve to an unknown third class that inherits from `X` and overrides `__radd__`; but it also might
-not. Thus, the correct answer here for the `reveal_type` is `int | Unknown`.
-
-```py
-from does_not_exist import Foo  # error: [unresolved-import]
-
-reveal_type(Foo)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-class X:
-    def __add__(self, other: object) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-class Y(Foo): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be `int | Unknown`; see above discussion.
-reveal_type(X() + Y())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Unsupported
-
-### Dunder as instance attribute
-
-The magic method must exist on the class, not just on the instance:
-
-```py
-def add_impl(self, other) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-class A:
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.__add__ = add_impl
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `+` is unsupported between objects of type `A` and `A`"
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(A() + A())
-```
-
-### Missing dunder
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator]
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(A() + A())
-```
-
-### Wrong position
-
-A left-hand dunder method doesn't apply for the right-hand operand, or vice versa:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __add__(self, other) -> int: ...
-
-class B:
-    def __radd__(self, other) -> int: ...
-
-class C: ...
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator]
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(C() + A())
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator]
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(B() + C())
-```
-
-### Reflected dunder is not tried between two objects of the same type
-
-For the specific case where the left-hand operand is the exact same type as the right-hand operand,
-the reflected dunder of the right-hand operand is not tried; the runtime short-circuits after trying
-the unreflected dunder of the left-hand operand. For context, see
-[this mailing list discussion](https://mail.python.org/archives/list/python-dev@python.org/thread/7NZUCODEAPQFMRFXYRMGJXDSIS3WJYIV/).
-
-```py
-class Foo:
-    def __radd__(self, other: Foo) -> Foo:
-        return self
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator]
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(Foo() + Foo())
-```
-
-### Wrong type
-
-TODO: check signature and error if `other` is the wrong type

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/binary/integers.md

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-# Binary operations on integers
-
-## Basic Arithmetic
-
-```py
-reveal_type(2 + 1)  # revealed: Literal[3]
-reveal_type(3 - 4)  # revealed: Literal[-1]
-reveal_type(3 * -1)  # revealed: Literal[-3]
-reveal_type(-3 // 3)  # revealed: Literal[-1]
-reveal_type(-3 / 3)  # revealed: float
-reveal_type(5 % 3)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-# TODO: We don't currently verify that the actual parameter to int.__add__ matches the declared
-# formal parameter type.
-reveal_type(2 + "f")  # revealed: int
-
-def lhs(x: int):
-    reveal_type(x + 1)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x - 4)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x * -1)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x // 3)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x / 3)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(x % 3)  # revealed: int
-
-def rhs(x: int):
-    reveal_type(2 + x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(3 - x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(3 * x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(-3 // x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(-3 / x)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(5 % x)  # revealed: int
-
-def both(x: int):
-    reveal_type(x + x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x - x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x * x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x // x)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(x / x)  # revealed: float
-    reveal_type(x % x)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Power
-
-For power if the result fits in the int literal type it will be a Literal type. Otherwise the
-outcome is int.
-
-```py
-largest_u32 = 4_294_967_295
-reveal_type(2**2)  # revealed: Literal[4]
-reveal_type(1 ** (largest_u32 + 1))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(2**largest_u32)  # revealed: int
-
-def variable(x: int):
-    reveal_type(x**2)  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-    reveal_type(2**x)  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-    reveal_type(x**x)  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-```
-
-## Division by Zero
-
-This error is really outside the current Python type system, because e.g. `int.__truediv__` and
-friends are not annotated to indicate that it's an error, and we don't even have a facility to
-permit such an annotation. So arguably divide-by-zero should be a lint error rather than a type
-checker error. But we choose to go ahead and error in the cases that are very likely to be an error:
-dividing something typed as `int` or `float` by something known to be `Literal[0]`.
-
-This isn't _definitely_ an error, because the object typed as `int` or `float` could be an instance
-of a custom subclass which overrides division behavior to handle zero without error. But if this
-unusual case occurs, the error can be avoided by explicitly typing the dividend as that safe custom
-subclass; we only emit the error if the LHS type is exactly `int` or `float`, not if its a subclass.
-
-```py
-a = 1 / 0  # error: "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[1]` by zero"
-reveal_type(a)  # revealed: float
-
-b = 2 // 0  # error: "Cannot floor divide object of type `Literal[2]` by zero"
-reveal_type(b)  # revealed: int
-
-c = 3 % 0  # error: "Cannot reduce object of type `Literal[3]` modulo zero"
-reveal_type(c)  # revealed: int
-
-# error: "Cannot divide object of type `int` by zero"
-# revealed: float
-reveal_type(int() / 0)
-
-# error: "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[1]` by zero"
-# revealed: float
-reveal_type(1 / False)
-# error: [division-by-zero] "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[True]` by zero"
-True / False
-# error: [division-by-zero] "Cannot divide object of type `Literal[True]` by zero"
-bool(1) / False
-
-# error: "Cannot divide object of type `float` by zero"
-# revealed: float
-reveal_type(1.0 / 0)
-
-class MyInt(int): ...
-
-# No error for a subclass of int
-# revealed: float
-reveal_type(MyInt(3) / 0)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/boolean/short_circuit.md

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# Short-Circuit Evaluation
-
-## Not all boolean expressions must be evaluated
-
-In `or` expressions, if the left-hand side is truthy, the right-hand side is not evaluated.
-Similarly, in `and` expressions, if the left-hand side is falsy, the right-hand side is not
-evaluated.
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag or (x := 1):
-        # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    if flag and (x := 1):
-        # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-## First expression is always evaluated
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if (x := 1) or flag:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    if (x := 1) and flag:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-## Statically known truthiness
-
-```py
-if True or (x := 1):
-    # error: [unresolved-reference]
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-if True and (x := 1):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-## Later expressions can always use variables from earlier expressions
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    flag or (x := 1) or reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    # error: [unresolved-reference]
-    flag or reveal_type(y) or (y := 1)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Nested expressions
-
-```py
-def _(flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    if flag1 or ((x := 1) and flag2):
-        # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    if ((y := 1) and flag1) or flag2:
-        reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    if (flag1 and (z := 1)) or reveal_type(z):  # revealed: Literal[1]
-        # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-        reveal_type(z)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/boundness_declaredness/public.md

@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-# Boundness and declaredness: public uses
-
-This document demonstrates how type-inference and diagnostics works for *public* uses of a symbol,
-that is, a use of a symbol from another scope. If a symbol has a declared type in its local scope
-(e.g. `int`), we use that as the symbol's "public type" (the type of the symbol from the perspective
-of other scopes) even if there is a more precise local inferred type for the symbol (`Literal[1]`).
-
-We test the whole matrix of possible boundness and declaredness states. The current behavior is
-summarized in the following table, while the tests below demonstrate each case. Note that some of
-this behavior is questionable and might change in the future. See the TODOs in `symbol_by_id`
-(`types.rs`) and [this issue](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/14297) for more information.
-In particular, we should raise errors in the "possibly-undeclared-and-unbound" as well as the
-"undeclared-and-possibly-unbound" cases (marked with a "?").
-
-| **Public type**  | declared     | possibly-undeclared        | undeclared   |
-| ---------------- | ------------ | -------------------------- | ------------ |
-| bound            | `T_declared` | `T_declared \| T_inferred` | `T_inferred` |
-| possibly-unbound | `T_declared` | `T_declared \| T_inferred` | `T_inferred` |
-| unbound          | `T_declared` | `T_declared`               | `Unknown`    |
-
-| **Diagnostic**   | declared | possibly-undeclared       | undeclared          |
-| ---------------- | -------- | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| bound            |          |                           |                     |
-| possibly-unbound |          | `possibly-unbound-import` | ?                   |
-| unbound          |          | ?                         | `unresolved-import` |
-
-## Declared
-
-### Declared and bound
-
-If a symbol has a declared type (`int`), we use that even if there is a more precise inferred type
-(`Literal[1]`), or a conflicting inferred type (`Literal[2]`):
-
-```py path=mod.py
-x: int = 1
-
-# error: [invalid-assignment]
-y: str = 2
-```
-
-```py
-from mod import x, y
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-### Declared and possibly unbound
-
-If a symbol is declared and *possibly* unbound, we trust that other module and use the declared type
-without raising an error.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-def flag() -> bool: ...
-
-x: int
-y: str
-if flag:
-    x = 1
-    # error: [invalid-assignment]
-    y = 2
-```
-
-```py
-from mod import x, y
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-### Declared and unbound
-
-Similarly, if a symbol is declared but unbound, we do not raise an error. We trust that this symbol
-is available somehow and simply use the declared type.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-x: int
-```
-
-```py
-from mod import x
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Possibly undeclared
-
-### Possibly undeclared and bound
-
-If a symbol is possibly undeclared but definitely bound, we use the union of the declared and
-inferred types:
-
-```py path=mod.py
-from typing import Any
-
-def flag() -> bool: ...
-
-x = 1
-y = 2
-if flag():
-    x: Any
-    # error: [invalid-declaration]
-    y: str
-```
-
-```py
-from mod import x, y
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | Any
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2] | Unknown
-```
-
-### Possibly undeclared and possibly unbound
-
-If a symbol is possibly undeclared and possibly unbound, we also use the union of the declared and
-inferred types. This case is interesting because the "possibly declared" definition might not be the
-same as the "possibly bound" definition (symbol `y`). Note that we raise a `possibly-unbound-import`
-error for both `x` and `y`:
-
-```py path=mod.py
-def flag() -> bool: ...
-
-if flag():
-    x: Any = 1
-    y = 2
-else:
-    y: str
-```
-
-```py
-# error: [possibly-unbound-import]
-# error: [possibly-unbound-import]
-from mod import x, y
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | Any
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2] | str
-```
-
-### Possibly undeclared and unbound
-
-If a symbol is possibly undeclared and definitely unbound, we currently do not raise an error. This
-seems inconsistent when compared to the case just above.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-def flag() -> bool: ...
-
-if flag():
-    x: int
-```
-
-```py
-# TODO: this should raise an error. Once we fix this, update the section description and the table
-# on top of this document.
-from mod import x
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Undeclared
-
-### Undeclared but bound
-
-We use the inferred type as the public type, if a symbol has no declared type.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-x = 1
-```
-
-```py
-from mod import x
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-### Undeclared and possibly unbound
-
-If a symbol is undeclared and *possibly* unbound, we currently do not raise an error. This seems
-inconsistent when compared to the "possibly-undeclared-and-possibly-unbound" case.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-def flag() -> bool: ...
-
-if flag:
-    x = 1
-```
-
-```py
-# TODO: this should raise an error. Once we fix this, update the section description and the table
-# on top of this document.
-from mod import x
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-### Undeclared and unbound
-
-If a symbol is undeclared *and* unbound, we infer `Unknown` and raise an error.
-
-```py path=mod.py
-if False:
-    x: int = 1
-```
-
-```py
-# error: [unresolved-import]
-from mod import x
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/callable_instance.md

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-# Callable instance
-
-## Dunder call
-
-```py
-class Multiplier:
-    def __init__(self, factor: float):
-        self.factor = factor
-
-    def __call__(self, number: float) -> float:
-        return number * self.factor
-
-a = Multiplier(2.0)(3.0)
-reveal_type(a)  # revealed: float
-
-class Unit: ...
-
-b = Unit()(3.0)  # error: "Object of type `Unit` is not callable"
-reveal_type(b)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Possibly unbound `__call__` method
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class PossiblyNotCallable:
-        if flag:
-            def __call__(self) -> int: ...
-
-    a = PossiblyNotCallable()
-    result = a()  # error: "Object of type `PossiblyNotCallable` is not callable (possibly unbound `__call__` method)"
-    reveal_type(result)  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Possibly unbound callable
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        class PossiblyUnbound:
-            def __call__(self) -> int: ...
-
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    a = PossiblyUnbound()
-    reveal_type(a())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Non-callable `__call__`
-
-```py
-class NonCallable:
-    __call__ = 1
-
-a = NonCallable()
-# error: "Object of type `NonCallable` is not callable"
-reveal_type(a())  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Possibly non-callable `__call__`
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class NonCallable:
-        if flag:
-            __call__ = 1
-        else:
-            def __call__(self) -> int: ...
-
-    a = NonCallable()
-    # error: "Object of type `Literal[1] | Literal[__call__]` is not callable (due to union element `Literal[1]`)"
-    reveal_type(a())  # revealed: Unknown | int
-```
-
-## Call binding errors
-
-### Wrong argument type
-
-```py
-class C:
-    def __call__(self, x: int) -> int:
-        return 1
-
-c = C()
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter 2 (`x`) of function `__call__`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(c("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Wrong argument type on `self`
-
-```py
-class C:
-    # TODO this definition should also be an error; `C` must be assignable to type of `self`
-    def __call__(self: int) -> int:
-        return 1
-
-c = C()
-
-# error: 13 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `C` cannot be assigned to parameter 1 (`self`) of function `__call__`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(c())  # revealed: int
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/constructor.md

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# Constructor
-
-```py
-class Foo: ...
-
-reveal_type(Foo())  # revealed: Foo
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/function.md

@@ -1,332 +0,0 @@
-# Call expression
-
-## Simple
-
-```py
-def get_int() -> int:
-    return 42
-
-reveal_type(get_int())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Async
-
-```py
-async def get_int_async() -> int:
-    return 42
-
-# TODO: we don't yet support `types.CoroutineType`, should be generic `Coroutine[Any, Any, int]`
-reveal_type(get_int_async())  # revealed: @Todo(generic types.CoroutineType)
-```
-
-## Generic
-
-```py
-def get_int[T]() -> int:
-    return 42
-
-reveal_type(get_int())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Decorated
-
-```py
-from typing import Callable
-
-def foo() -> int:
-    return 42
-
-def decorator(func) -> Callable[[], int]:
-    return foo
-
-@decorator
-def bar() -> str:
-    return "bar"
-
-# TODO: should reveal `int`, as the decorator replaces `bar` with `foo`
-reveal_type(bar())  # revealed: @Todo(return type)
-```
-
-## Invalid callable
-
-```py
-nonsense = 123
-x = nonsense()  # error: "Object of type `Literal[123]` is not callable"
-```
-
-## Potentially unbound function
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        def foo() -> int:
-            return 42
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    reveal_type(foo())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Wrong argument type
-
-### Positional argument, positional-or-keyword parameter
-
-```py
-def f(x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter 1 (`x`) of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Positional argument, positional-only parameter
-
-```py
-def f(x: int, /) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter 1 (`x`) of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Positional argument, variadic parameter
-
-```py
-def f(*args: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter `*args` of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Keyword argument, positional-or-keyword parameter
-
-```py
-def f(x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter `x` of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f(x="foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Keyword argument, keyword-only parameter
-
-```py
-def f(*, x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter `x` of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f(x="foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Keyword argument, keywords parameter
-
-```py
-def f(**kwargs: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter `**kwargs` of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f(x="foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Correctly match keyword out-of-order
-
-```py
-def f(x: int = 1, y: str = "foo") -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal[2]` cannot be assigned to parameter `y` of function `f`; expected type `str`"
-# error: 20 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["bar"]` cannot be assigned to parameter `x` of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-reveal_type(f(y=2, x="bar"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Too many positional arguments
-
-### One too many
-
-```py
-def f() -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `f`: expected 0, got 1"
-reveal_type(f("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Two too many
-
-```py
-def f() -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `f`: expected 0, got 2"
-reveal_type(f("foo", "bar"))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### No too-many-positional if variadic is taken
-
-```py
-def f(*args: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f(1, 2, 3))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Multiple keyword arguments map to keyword variadic parameter
-
-```py
-def f(**kwargs: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f(foo=1, bar=2))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Missing arguments
-
-### No defaults or variadic
-
-```py
-def f(x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 13 [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `x` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### With default
-
-```py
-def f(x: int, y: str = "foo") -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 13 [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `x` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Defaulted argument is not required
-
-```py
-def f(x: int = 1) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### With variadic
-
-```py
-def f(x: int, *y: str) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 13 [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `x` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Variadic argument is not required
-
-```py
-def f(*args: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Keywords argument is not required
-
-```py
-def f(**kwargs: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Multiple
-
-```py
-def f(x: int, y: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 13 [missing-argument] "No arguments provided for required parameters `x`, `y` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Unknown argument
-
-```py
-def f(x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 20 [unknown-argument] "Argument `y` does not match any known parameter of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f(x=1, y=2))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Parameter already assigned
-
-```py
-def f(x: int) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 18 [parameter-already-assigned] "Multiple values provided for parameter `x` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f(1, x=2))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Special functions
-
-Some functions require special handling in type inference. Here, we make sure that we still emit
-proper diagnostics in case of missing or superfluous arguments.
-
-### `reveal_type`
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import reveal_type
-
-# error: [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `obj` of function `reveal_type`"
-reveal_type()  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `reveal_type`: expected 1, got 2"
-reveal_type(1, 2)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-### `static_assert`
-
-```py
-from knot_extensions import static_assert
-
-# error: [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `condition` of function `static_assert`"
-# error: [static-assert-error]
-static_assert()
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `static_assert`: expected 2, got 3"
-static_assert(True, 2, 3)
-```
-
-### `len`
-
-```py
-# error: [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `obj` of function `len`"
-len()
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `len`: expected 1, got 2"
-len([], 1)
-```
-
-### Type API predicates
-
-```py
-from knot_extensions import is_subtype_of, is_fully_static
-
-# error: [missing-argument]
-is_subtype_of()
-
-# error: [missing-argument]
-is_subtype_of(int)
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments]
-is_subtype_of(int, int, int)
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments]
-is_subtype_of(int, int, int, int)
-
-# error: [missing-argument]
-is_fully_static()
-
-# error: [too-many-positional-arguments]
-is_fully_static(int, int)
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/invalid_syntax.md

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-# Invalid signatures
-
-## Multiple arguments with the same name
-
-We always map a keyword argument to the first parameter of that name.
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-syntax] "Duplicate parameter "x""
-def f(x: int, x: str) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 13 [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `x` of function `f`"
-# error: 18 [parameter-already-assigned] "Multiple values provided for parameter `x` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f(1, x=2))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Positional after non-positional
-
-When parameter kinds are given in an invalid order, we emit a diagnostic and implicitly reorder them
-to the valid order:
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-syntax] "Parameter cannot follow var-keyword parameter"
-def f(**kw: int, x: str) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-# error: 15 [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal[1]` cannot be assigned to parameter 1 (`x`) of function `f`; expected type `str`"
-reveal_type(f(1))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Non-defaulted after defaulted
-
-We emit a syntax diagnostic for this, but it doesn't cause any problems for binding.
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-syntax] "Parameter without a default cannot follow a parameter with a default"
-def f(x: int = 1, y: str) -> int:
-    return 1
-
-reveal_type(f(y="foo"))  # revealed: int
-# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Object of type `Literal["foo"]` cannot be assigned to parameter 1 (`x`) of function `f`; expected type `int`"
-# error: [missing-argument] "No argument provided for required parameter `y` of function `f`"
-reveal_type(f("foo"))  # revealed: int
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/union.md

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-# Unions in calls
-
-## Union of return types
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        def f() -> int:
-            return 1
-    else:
-        def f() -> str:
-            return "foo"
-    reveal_type(f())  # revealed: int | str
-```
-
-## Calling with an unknown union
-
-```py
-from nonexistent import f  # error: [unresolved-import] "Cannot resolve import `nonexistent`"
-
-def coinflip() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-if coinflip():
-    def f() -> int:
-        return 1
-
-reveal_type(f())  # revealed: Unknown | int
-```
-
-## Non-callable elements in a union
-
-Calling a union with a non-callable element should emit a diagnostic.
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        f = 1
-    else:
-        def f() -> int:
-            return 1
-    x = f()  # error: "Object of type `Literal[1] | Literal[f]` is not callable (due to union element `Literal[1]`)"
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown | int
-```
-
-## Multiple non-callable elements in a union
-
-Calling a union with multiple non-callable elements should mention all of them in the diagnostic.
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    if flag:
-        f = 1
-    elif flag2:
-        f = "foo"
-    else:
-        def f() -> int:
-            return 1
-    # error: "Object of type `Literal[1, "foo"] | Literal[f]` is not callable (due to union elements Literal[1], Literal["foo"])"
-    # revealed: Unknown | int
-    reveal_type(f())
-```
-
-## All non-callable union elements
-
-Calling a union with no callable elements can emit a simpler diagnostic.
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        f = 1
-    else:
-        f = "foo"
-
-    x = f()  # error: "Object of type `Literal[1, "foo"]` is not callable"
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/byte_literals.md

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Byte literals
-
-These tests assert that we infer precise `Literal` types for comparisons between objects inferred as
-having `Literal` bytes types:
-
-```py
-reveal_type(b"abc" == b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" == b"ab")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" != b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"abc" != b"ab")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" < b"abd")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" < b"abb")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" <= b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" <= b"abb")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" > b"abd")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"abc" > b"abb")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" >= b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" >= b"abd")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"" in b"")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"" in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" in b"")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"ab" in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"abc" in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"d" in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"ac" in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"\x81\x82" in b"\x80\x81\x82")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b"\x82\x83" in b"\x80\x81\x82")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"ab" not in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b"ac" not in b"abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" is b"abc")  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(b"abc" is b"ab")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(b"abc" is not b"abc")  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(b"abc" is not b"ab")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/identity.md

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-# Identity tests
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-
-def _(a1: A, a2: A, o: object):
-    n1 = None
-    n2 = None
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is a1)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a1 is a2)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(n1 is n1)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(n1 is n2)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is n1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(n1 is a1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is o)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(n1 is o)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is not a1)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a1 is not a2)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(n1 is not n1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(n1 is not n2)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is not n1)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(n1 is not a1)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-    reveal_type(a1 is not o)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(n1 is not o)  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/instances/membership_test.md

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Membership Test
-
-In Python, the term "membership test operators" refers to the operators `in` and `not in`. To
-customize their behavior, classes can implement one of the special methods `__contains__`,
-`__iter__`, or `__getitem__`.
-
-For references, see:
-
-- <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html#membership-test-details>
-- <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__contains__>
-- <https://snarky.ca/unravelling-membership-testing/>
-
-## Implements `__contains__`
-
-Classes can support membership tests by implementing the `__contains__` method:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
-        return True
-
-reveal_type("hello" in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type("hello" not in A())  # revealed: bool
-# TODO: should emit diagnostic, need to check arg type, will fail
-reveal_type(42 in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(42 not in A())  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Implements `__iter__`
-
-Classes that don't implement `__contains__`, but do implement `__iter__`, also support containment
-checks; the needle will be sought in their iterated items:
-
-```py
-class StringIterator:
-    def __next__(self) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-class A:
-    def __iter__(self) -> StringIterator:
-        return StringIterator()
-
-reveal_type("hello" in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type("hello" not in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(42 in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(42 not in A())  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Implements `__getitems__`
-
-The final fallback is to implement `__getitem__` for integer keys. Python will call `__getitem__`
-with `0`, `1`, `2`... until either the needle is found (leading the membership test to evaluate to
-`True`) or `__getitem__` raises `IndexError` (the raised exception is swallowed, but results in the
-membership test evaluating to `False`).
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-reveal_type("hello" in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type("hello" not in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(42 in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(42 not in A())  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Wrong Return Type
-
-Python coerces the results of containment checks to `bool`, even if `__contains__` returns a
-non-bool:
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-reveal_type("hello" in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type("hello" not in A())  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Literal Result for `in` and `not in`
-
-`__contains__` with a literal return type may result in a `BooleanLiteral` outcome.
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-class AlwaysTrue:
-    def __contains__(self, item: int) -> Literal[1]:
-        return 1
-
-class AlwaysFalse:
-    def __contains__(self, item: int) -> Literal[""]:
-        return ""
-
-reveal_type(42 in AlwaysTrue())  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(42 not in AlwaysTrue())  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-reveal_type(42 in AlwaysFalse())  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(42 not in AlwaysFalse())  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-## No Fallback for `__contains__`
-
-If `__contains__` is implemented, checking membership of a type it doesn't accept is an error; it
-doesn't result in a fallback to `__iter__` or `__getitem__`:
-
-```py
-class CheckContains: ...
-class CheckIter: ...
-class CheckGetItem: ...
-
-class CheckIterIterator:
-    def __next__(self) -> CheckIter:
-        return CheckIter()
-
-class A:
-    def __contains__(self, item: CheckContains) -> bool:
-        return True
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> CheckIterIterator:
-        return CheckIterIterator()
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> CheckGetItem:
-        return CheckGetItem()
-
-reveal_type(CheckContains() in A())  # revealed: bool
-
-# TODO: should emit diagnostic, need to check arg type,
-# should not fall back to __iter__ or __getitem__
-reveal_type(CheckIter() in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(CheckGetItem() in A())  # revealed: bool
-
-class B:
-    def __iter__(self) -> CheckIterIterator:
-        return CheckIterIterator()
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> CheckGetItem:
-        return CheckGetItem()
-
-reveal_type(CheckIter() in B())  # revealed: bool
-# Always use `__iter__`, regardless of iterated type; there's no NotImplemented
-# in this case, so there's no fallback to `__getitem__`
-reveal_type(CheckGetItem() in B())  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Invalid Old-Style Iteration
-
-If `__getitem__` is implemented but does not accept integer arguments, then the membership test is
-not supported and should trigger a diagnostic.
-
-```py
-class A:
-    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str:
-        return "foo"
-
-# TODO should emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(42 in A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type("hello" in A())  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/instances/rich_comparison.md

@@ -1,320 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Rich Comparison
-
-Rich comparison operations (`==`, `!=`, `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`) in Python are implemented through
-double-underscore methods that allow customization of comparison behavior.
-
-For references, see:
-
-- <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__lt__>
-- <https://snarky.ca/unravelling-rich-comparison-operators/>
-
-## Rich Comparison Dunder Implementations For Same Class
-
-Classes can support rich comparison by implementing dunder methods like `__eq__`, `__ne__`, etc. The
-most common case involves implementing these methods for the same type:
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __eq__(self, other: A) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: A) -> float:
-        return 42.0
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: A) -> str:
-        return "42"
-
-    def __le__(self, other: A) -> bytes:
-        return b"42"
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: A) -> list:
-        return [42]
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: A) -> set:
-        return {42}
-
-reveal_type(A() == A())  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(A() != A())  # revealed: float
-reveal_type(A() < A())  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(A() <= A())  # revealed: bytes
-reveal_type(A() > A())  # revealed: list
-reveal_type(A() >= A())  # revealed: set
-```
-
-## Rich Comparison Dunder Implementations for Other Class
-
-In some cases, classes may implement rich comparison dunder methods for comparisons with a different
-type:
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __eq__(self, other: B) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: B) -> float:
-        return 42.0
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: B) -> str:
-        return "42"
-
-    def __le__(self, other: B) -> bytes:
-        return b"42"
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: B) -> list:
-        return [42]
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: B) -> set:
-        return {42}
-
-class B: ...
-
-reveal_type(A() == B())  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(A() != B())  # revealed: float
-reveal_type(A() < B())  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(A() <= B())  # revealed: bytes
-reveal_type(A() > B())  # revealed: list
-reveal_type(A() >= B())  # revealed: set
-```
-
-## Reflected Comparisons
-
-Fallback to the right-hand side’s comparison methods occurs when the left-hand side does not define
-them. Note: class `B` has its own `__eq__` and `__ne__` methods to override those of `object`, but
-these methods will be ignored here because they require a mismatched operand type.
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __eq__(self, other: B) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: B) -> float:
-        return 42.0
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: B) -> str:
-        return "42"
-
-    def __le__(self, other: B) -> bytes:
-        return b"42"
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: B) -> list:
-        return [42]
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: B) -> set:
-        return {42}
-
-class B:
-    # To override builtins.object.__eq__ and builtins.object.__ne__
-    # TODO these should emit an invalid override diagnostic
-    def __eq__(self, other: str) -> B:
-        return B()
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: str) -> B:
-        return B()
-
-# TODO: should be `int` and `float`.
-# Need to check arg type and fall back to `rhs.__eq__` and `rhs.__ne__`.
-#
-# Because `object.__eq__` and `object.__ne__` accept `object` in typeshed,
-# this can only happen with an invalid override of these methods,
-# but we still support it.
-reveal_type(B() == A())  # revealed: B
-reveal_type(B() != A())  # revealed: B
-
-reveal_type(B() < A())  # revealed: list
-reveal_type(B() <= A())  # revealed: set
-
-reveal_type(B() > A())  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(B() >= A())  # revealed: bytes
-
-class C:
-    def __gt__(self, other: C) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: C) -> float:
-        return 42.0
-
-reveal_type(C() < C())  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(C() <= C())  # revealed: float
-```
-
-## Reflected Comparisons with Subclasses
-
-When subclasses override comparison methods, these overridden methods take precedence over those in
-the parent class. Class `B` inherits from `A` and redefines comparison methods to return types other
-than `A`.
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __eq__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __le__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-class B(A):
-    def __eq__(self, other: A) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: A) -> float:
-        return 42.0
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: A) -> str:
-        return "42"
-
-    def __le__(self, other: A) -> bytes:
-        return b"42"
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: A) -> list:
-        return [42]
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: A) -> set:
-        return {42}
-
-reveal_type(A() == B())  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(A() != B())  # revealed: float
-
-reveal_type(A() < B())  # revealed: list
-reveal_type(A() <= B())  # revealed: set
-
-reveal_type(A() > B())  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(A() >= B())  # revealed: bytes
-```
-
-## Reflected Comparisons with Subclass But Falls Back to LHS
-
-In the case of a subclass, the right-hand side has priority. However, if the overridden dunder
-method has an mismatched type to operand, the comparison will fall back to the left-hand side.
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __lt__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: A) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-class B(A):
-    def __lt__(self, other: int) -> B:
-        return B()
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: int) -> B:
-        return B()
-
-# TODO: should be `A`, need to check argument type and fall back to LHS method
-reveal_type(A() < B())  # revealed: B
-reveal_type(A() > B())  # revealed: B
-```
-
-## Operations involving instances of classes inheriting from `Any`
-
-`Any` and `Unknown` represent a set of possible runtime objects, wherein the bounds of the set are
-unknown. Whether the left-hand operand's dunder or the right-hand operand's reflected dunder depends
-on whether the right-hand operand is an instance of a class that is a subclass of the left-hand
-operand's class and overrides the reflected dunder. In the following example, because of the
-unknowable nature of `Any`/`Unknown`, we must consider both possibilities: `Any`/`Unknown` might
-resolve to an unknown third class that inherits from `X` and overrides `__gt__`; but it also might
-not. Thus, the correct answer here for the `reveal_type` is `int | Unknown`.
-
-(This test is referenced from `mdtest/binary/instances.md`)
-
-```py
-from does_not_exist import Foo  # error: [unresolved-import]
-
-reveal_type(Foo)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-class X:
-    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> int:
-        return 42
-
-class Y(Foo): ...
-
-# TODO: Should be `int | Unknown`; see above discussion.
-reveal_type(X() < Y())  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## Equality and Inequality Fallback
-
-This test confirms that `==` and `!=` comparisons default to identity comparisons (`is`, `is not`)
-when argument types do not match the method signature.
-
-Please refer to the [docs](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__eq__)
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    # TODO both these overrides should emit invalid-override diagnostic
-    def __eq__(self, other: int) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: int) -> A:
-        return A()
-
-# TODO: it should be `bool`, need to check arg type and fall back to `is` and `is not`
-reveal_type(A() == A())  # revealed: A
-reveal_type(A() != A())  # revealed: A
-```
-
-## Object Comparisons with Typeshed
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-
-reveal_type(A() == object())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(A() != object())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(object() == A())  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(object() != A())  # revealed: bool
-
-# error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<` is not supported for types `A` and `object`"
-# revealed: Unknown
-reveal_type(A() < object())
-```
-
-## Numbers Comparison with typeshed
-
-```py
-reveal_type(1 == 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 != 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 < 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 <= 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 > 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 >= 1.0)  # revealed: bool
-
-reveal_type(1 == 2j)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 != 2j)  # revealed: bool
-
-# TODO: should be Unknown and emit diagnostic,
-# need to check arg type and should be failed
-reveal_type(1 < 2j)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 <= 2j)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 > 2j)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 >= 2j)  # revealed: bool
-
-def f(x: bool, y: int):
-    reveal_type(x < y)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(y < x)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(4.2 < x)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(x < 4.2)  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/integers.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Integers
-
-## Integer literals
-
-```py
-reveal_type(1 == 1 == True)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(1 == 1 == 2 == 4)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(False < True <= 2 < 3 != 6)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(1 < 1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(1 > 1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(1 is 1)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 is not 1)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(1 is 2)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(1 is not 7)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-# TODO: should be Unknown, and emit diagnostic, once we check call argument types
-reveal_type(1 <= "" and 0 < 1)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Integer instance
-
-```py
-# TODO: implement lookup of `__eq__` on typeshed `int` stub.
-def _(a: int, b: int):
-    reveal_type(1 == a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(9 < a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/intersections.md

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Intersections
-
-## Positive contributions
-
-If we have an intersection type `A & B` and we get a definitive true/false answer for one of the
-types, we can infer that the result for the intersection type is also true/false:
-
-```py
-class Base: ...
-
-class Child1(Base):
-    def __eq__(self, other) -> Literal[True]:
-        return True
-
-class Child2(Base): ...
-
-def _(x: Base):
-    c1 = Child1()
-
-    # Create an intersection type through narrowing:
-    if isinstance(x, Child1):
-        if isinstance(x, Child2):
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Child1 & Child2
-
-            reveal_type(x == 1)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-            # Other comparison operators fall back to the base type:
-            reveal_type(x > 1)  # revealed: bool
-            reveal_type(x is c1)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Negative contributions
-
-Negative contributions to the intersection type only allow simplifications in a few special cases
-(equality and identity comparisons).
-
-### Equality comparisons
-
-#### Literal strings
-
-```py
-x = "x" * 1_000_000_000
-y = "y" * 1_000_000_000
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: LiteralString
-
-if x != "abc":
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: LiteralString & ~Literal["abc"]
-
-    reveal_type(x == "abc")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type("abc" == x)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(x == "something else")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("something else" == x)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(x != "abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("abc" != x)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(x != "something else")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("something else" != x)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(x == y)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(y == x)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(x != y)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(y != x)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(x >= "abc")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("abc" >= x)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(x in "abc")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("abc" in x)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-#### Integers
-
-```py
-def _(x: int):
-    if x != 1:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int & ~Literal[1]
-
-        reveal_type(x != 1)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-        reveal_type(x != 2)  # revealed: bool
-
-        reveal_type(x == 1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-        reveal_type(x == 2)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-### Identity comparisons
-
-```py
-class A: ...
-
-def _(o: object):
-    a = A()
-    n = None
-
-    if o is not None:
-        reveal_type(o)  # revealed:  ~None
-        reveal_type(o is n)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-        reveal_type(o is not n)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-## Diagnostics
-
-### Unsupported operators for positive contributions
-
-Raise an error if any of the positive contributions to the intersection type are unsupported for the
-given operator:
-
-```py
-class Container:
-    def __contains__(self, x) -> bool: ...
-
-class NonContainer: ...
-
-def _(x: object):
-    if isinstance(x, Container):
-        if isinstance(x, NonContainer):
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Container & NonContainer
-
-            # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `in` is not supported for types `int` and `NonContainer`"
-            reveal_type(2 in x)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-### Unsupported operators for negative contributions
-
-Do *not* raise an error if any of the negative contributions to the intersection type are
-unsupported for the given operator:
-
-```py
-class Container:
-    def __contains__(self, x) -> bool: ...
-
-class NonContainer: ...
-
-def _(x: object):
-    if isinstance(x, Container):
-        if not isinstance(x, NonContainer):
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Container & ~NonContainer
-
-            # No error here!
-            reveal_type(2 in x)  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/non_bool_returns.md

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Non boolean returns
-
-Walking through examples:
-
-- `a = A() < B() < C()`
-
-    1. `A() < B() and B() < C()` - split in N comparison
-    1. `A()` and `B()` - evaluate outcome types
-    1. `bool` and `bool` - evaluate truthiness
-    1. `A | B` - union of "first true" types
-
-- `b = 0 < 1 < A() < 3`
-
-    1. `0 < 1 and 1 < A() and A() < 3` - split in N comparison
-    1. `True` and `bool` and `A` - evaluate outcome types
-    1. `True` and `bool` and `bool` - evaluate truthiness
-    1. `bool | A` - union of "true" types
-
-- `c = 10 < 0 < A() < B() < C()` short-circuit to False
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __lt__(self, other) -> A: ...
-
-class B:
-    def __lt__(self, other) -> B: ...
-
-class C:
-    def __lt__(self, other) -> C: ...
-
-x = A() < B() < C()
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: A & ~AlwaysTruthy | B
-
-y = 0 < 1 < A() < 3
-reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[False] | A
-
-z = 10 < 0 < A() < B() < C()
-reveal_type(z)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/strings.md

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Strings
-
-## String literals
-
-```py
-def _(x: str):
-    reveal_type("abc" == "abc")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("ab_cd" <= "ab_ce")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("abc" in "ab cd")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type("" not in "hello")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type("--" is "--")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("A" is "B")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type("--" is not "--")  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("A" is not "B")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(x < "...")  # revealed: bool
-
-    # ensure we're not comparing the interned salsa symbols, which compare by order of declaration.
-    reveal_type("ab" < "ab_cd")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/tuples.md

@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Tuples
-
-## Heterogeneous
-
-For tuples like `tuple[int, str, Literal[1]]`
-
-### Value Comparisons
-
-"Value Comparisons" refers to the operators: `==`, `!=`, `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`
-
-#### Results without Ambiguity
-
-Cases where the result can be definitively inferred as a `BooleanLiteral`.
-
-```py
-a = (1, "test", (3, 13), True)
-b = (1, "test", (3, 14), False)
-
-reveal_type(a == a)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a != a)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a < a)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a <= a)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a > a)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a >= a)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-Even when tuples have different lengths, comparisons should be handled appropriately.
-
-```py path=different_length.py
-a = (1, 2, 3)
-b = (1, 2, 3, 4)
-
-reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-c = ("a", "b", "c", "d")
-d = ("a", "b", "c")
-
-reveal_type(c == d)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c != d)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(c < d)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c <= d)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c > d)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(c >= d)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-#### Results with Ambiguity
-
-```py
-def _(x: bool, y: int):
-    a = (x,)
-    b = (y,)
-
-    reveal_type(a == a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a != a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a < a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a <= a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a > a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a >= a)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-#### Comparison Unsupported
-
-If two tuples contain types that do not support comparison, the result may be `Unknown`. However,
-`==` and `!=` are exceptions and can still provide definite results.
-
-```py
-a = (1, 2)
-b = (1, "hello")
-
-# TODO: should be Literal[False], once we implement (in)equality for mismatched literals
-reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: bool
-
-# TODO: should be Literal[True], once we implement (in)equality for mismatched literals
-reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: bool
-
-# TODO: should be Unknown and add more informative diagnostics
-reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-However, if the lexicographic comparison completes without reaching a point where str and int are
-compared, Python will still produce a result based on the prior elements.
-
-```py path=short_circuit.py
-a = (1, 2)
-b = (999999, "hello")
-
-reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-#### Matryoshka Tuples
-
-```py
-a = (1, True, "Hello")
-b = (a, a, a)
-c = (b, b, b)
-
-reveal_type(c == c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(c != c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c < c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c <= c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(c > c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(c >= c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-#### Non Boolean Rich Comparisons
-
-Rich comparison methods defined in a class affect tuple comparisons as well. Proper type inference
-should be possible even in cases where these methods return non-boolean types.
-
-Note: Tuples use lexicographic comparisons. If the `==` result for all paired elements in the tuple
-is True, the comparison then considers the tuple’s length. Regardless of the return type of the
-dunder methods, the final result can still be a boolean value.
-
-(+cpython: For tuples, `==` and `!=` always produce boolean results, regardless of the return type
-of the dunder methods.)
-
-```py
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-class A:
-    def __eq__(self, o: object) -> str:
-        return "hello"
-
-    def __ne__(self, o: object) -> bytes:
-        return b"world"
-
-    def __lt__(self, o: A) -> float:
-        return 3.14
-
-    def __le__(self, o: A) -> complex:
-        return complex(0.5, -0.5)
-
-    def __gt__(self, o: A) -> tuple:
-        return (1, 2, 3)
-
-    def __ge__(self, o: A) -> list:
-        return [1, 2, 3]
-
-a = (A(), A())
-
-reveal_type(a == a)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a != a)  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a < a)  # revealed: float | Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a <= a)  # revealed: complex | Literal[True]
-reveal_type(a > a)  # revealed: tuple | Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a >= a)  # revealed: list | Literal[True]
-
-# If lexicographic comparison is finished before comparing A()
-b = ("1_foo", A())
-c = ("2_bar", A())
-
-reveal_type(b == c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b != c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b < c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b <= c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(b > c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(b >= c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-class B:
-    def __lt__(self, o: B) -> set:
-        return set()
-
-reveal_type((A(), B()) < (A(), B()))  # revealed: float | set | Literal[False]
-```
-
-#### Special Handling of Eq and NotEq in Lexicographic Comparisons
-
-> Example: `(<int instance>, "foo") == (<int instance>, "bar")`
-
-`Eq` and `NotEq` have unique behavior compared to other operators in lexicographic comparisons.
-Specifically, for `Eq`, if any non-equal pair exists within the tuples being compared, we can
-immediately conclude that the tuples are not equal. Conversely, for `NotEq`, if any non-equal pair
-exists, we can determine that the tuples are unequal.
-
-In contrast, with operators like `<` and `>`, the comparison must consider each pair of elements
-sequentially, and the final outcome might remain ambiguous until all pairs are compared.
-
-```py
-def _(x: str, y: int):
-    reveal_type("foo" == "bar")  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(("foo",) == ("bar",))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type((4, "foo") == (4, "bar"))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type((y, "foo") == (y, "bar"))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    a = (x, y, "foo")
-
-    reveal_type(a == a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a != a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a < a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a <= a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a > a)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a >= a)  # revealed: bool
-
-    b = (x, y, "bar")
-
-    reveal_type(a == b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(a != b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: bool
-
-    c = (x, y, "foo", "different_length")
-
-    reveal_type(a == c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(a != c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a < c)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a <= c)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a > c)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a >= c)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-#### Error Propagation
-
-Errors occurring within a tuple comparison should propagate outward. However, if the tuple
-comparison can clearly conclude before encountering an error, the error should not be raised.
-
-```py
-def _(n: int, s: str):
-    class A: ...
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<` is not supported for types `A` and `A`"
-    A() < A()
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<=` is not supported for types `A` and `A`"
-    A() <= A()
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>` is not supported for types `A` and `A`"
-    A() > A()
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>=` is not supported for types `A` and `A`"
-    A() >= A()
-
-    a = (0, n, A())
-
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<` is not supported for types `A` and `A`, in comparing `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]` with `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]`"
-    reveal_type(a < a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<=` is not supported for types `A` and `A`, in comparing `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]` with `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]`"
-    reveal_type(a <= a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>` is not supported for types `A` and `A`, in comparing `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]` with `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]`"
-    reveal_type(a > a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `>=` is not supported for types `A` and `A`, in comparing `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]` with `tuple[Literal[0], int, A]`"
-    reveal_type(a >= a)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-    # Comparison between `a` and `b` should only involve the first elements, `Literal[0]` and `Literal[99999]`,
-    # and should terminate immediately.
-    b = (99999, n, A())
-
-    reveal_type(a < b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a <= b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a > b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(a >= b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-### Membership Test Comparisons
-
-"Membership Test Comparisons" refers to the operators `in` and `not in`.
-
-```py
-def _(n: int):
-    a = (1, 2)
-    b = ((3, 4), (1, 2))
-    c = ((1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6))
-    d = ((n, n), (n, n))
-
-    reveal_type(a in b)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(a not in b)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(a in c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(a not in c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-    reveal_type(a in d)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(a not in d)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-### Identity Comparisons
-
-"Identity Comparisons" refers to `is` and `is not`.
-
-```py
-a = (1, 2)
-b = ("a", "b")
-c = (1, 2, 3)
-
-reveal_type(a is (1, 2))  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(a is not (1, 2))  # revealed: bool
-
-# TODO should be Literal[False] once we implement comparison of mismatched literal types
-reveal_type(a is b)  # revealed: bool
-# TODO should be Literal[True] once we implement comparison of mismatched literal types
-reveal_type(a is not b)  # revealed: bool
-
-reveal_type(a is c)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(a is not c)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-## Homogeneous
-
-For tuples like `tuple[int, ...]`, `tuple[Any, ...]`
-
-// TODO

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/unions.md

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Unions
-
-## Union on one side of the comparison
-
-Comparisons on union types need to consider all possible cases:
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    one_or_two = 1 if flag else 2
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_two <= 2)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(one_or_two <= 1)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(one_or_two <= 0)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(2 >= one_or_two)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(1 >= one_or_two)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(0 >= one_or_two)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_two < 1)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(one_or_two < 2)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(one_or_two < 3)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_two > 0)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(one_or_two > 1)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(one_or_two > 2)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_two == 3)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(one_or_two == 1)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_two != 3)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(one_or_two != 1)  # revealed: bool
-
-    a_or_ab = "a" if flag else "ab"
-
-    reveal_type(a_or_ab in "ab")  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("a" in a_or_ab)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-    reveal_type("c" not in a_or_ab)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("a" not in a_or_ab)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-
-    reveal_type("b" in a_or_ab)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type("b" not in a_or_ab)  # revealed: bool
-
-    one_or_none = 1 if flag else None
-
-    reveal_type(one_or_none is None)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(one_or_none is not None)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Union on both sides of the comparison
-
-With unions on both sides, we need to consider the full cross product of options when building the
-resulting (union) type:
-
-```py
-def _(flag_s: bool, flag_l: bool):
-    small = 1 if flag_s else 2
-    large = 2 if flag_l else 3
-
-    reveal_type(small <= large)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(small >= large)  # revealed: bool
-
-    reveal_type(small < large)  # revealed: bool
-    reveal_type(small > large)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-## Unsupported operations
-
-Make sure we emit a diagnostic if *any* of the possible comparisons is unsupported. For now, we fall
-back to `bool` for the result type instead of trying to infer something more precise from the other
-(supported) variants:
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    x = [1, 2] if flag else 1
-
-    result = 1 in x  # error: "Operator `in` is not supported"
-    reveal_type(result)  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/comparison/unsupported.md

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# Comparison: Unsupported operators
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    class A: ...
-    a = 1 in 7  # error: "Operator `in` is not supported for types `Literal[1]` and `Literal[7]`"
-    reveal_type(a)  # revealed: bool
-
-    b = 0 not in 10  # error: "Operator `not in` is not supported for types `Literal[0]` and `Literal[10]`"
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: bool
-
-    # TODO: should error, once operand type check is implemented
-    # ("Operator `<` is not supported for types `object` and `int`")
-    c = object() < 5
-    # TODO: should be Unknown, once operand type check is implemented
-    reveal_type(c)  # revealed: bool
-
-    # TODO: should error, once operand type check is implemented
-    # ("Operator `<` is not supported for types `int` and `object`")
-    d = 5 < object()
-    # TODO: should be Unknown, once operand type check is implemented
-    reveal_type(d)  # revealed: bool
-
-    int_literal_or_str_literal = 1 if flag else "foo"
-    # error: "Operator `in` is not supported for types `Literal[42]` and `Literal[1]`, in comparing `Literal[42]` with `Literal[1, "foo"]`"
-    e = 42 in int_literal_or_str_literal
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: bool
-
-    # TODO: should error, need to check if __lt__ signature is valid for right operand
-    # error may be "Operator `<` is not supported for types `int` and `str`, in comparing `tuple[Literal[1], Literal[2]]` with `tuple[Literal[1], Literal["hello"]]`
-    f = (1, 2) < (1, "hello")
-    # TODO: should be Unknown, once operand type check is implemented
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: bool
-
-    # error: [unsupported-operator] "Operator `<` is not supported for types `A` and `A`, in comparing `tuple[bool, A]` with `tuple[bool, A]`"
-    g = (flag1, A()) < (flag2, A())
-    reveal_type(g)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/conditional/if_expression.md

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-# If expressions
-
-## Simple if-expression
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    x = 1 if flag else 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2]
-```
-
-## If-expression with walrus operator
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    y = 0
-    z = 0
-    x = (y := 1) if flag else (z := 2)
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2]
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[0, 1]
-    reveal_type(z)  # revealed: Literal[0, 2]
-```
-
-## Nested if-expression
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    x = 1 if flag else 2 if flag2 else 3
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2, 3]
-```
-
-## None
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    x = 1 if flag else None
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | None
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/conditional/if_statement.md

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-# If statements
-
-## Simple if
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    y = 1
-    y = 2
-
-    if flag:
-        y = 3
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3]
-```
-
-## Simple if-elif-else
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    y = 1
-    y = 2
-
-    if flag:
-        y = 3
-    elif flag2:
-        y = 4
-    else:
-        r = y
-        y = 5
-        s = y
-    x = y
-
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[3, 4, 5]
-
-    # revealed: Literal[2]
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    reveal_type(r)
-
-    # revealed: Literal[5]
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    reveal_type(s)
-```
-
-## Single symbol across if-elif-else
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    if flag:
-        y = 1
-    elif flag2:
-        y = 2
-    else:
-        y = 3
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2, 3]
-```
-
-## if-elif-else without else assignment
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    y = 0
-
-    if flag:
-        y = 1
-    elif flag2:
-        y = 2
-    else:
-        pass
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[0, 1, 2]
-```
-
-## if-elif-else with intervening assignment
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    y = 0
-
-    if flag:
-        y = 1
-        z = 3
-    elif flag2:
-        y = 2
-    else:
-        pass
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[0, 1, 2]
-```
-
-## Nested if statement
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    y = 0
-
-    if flag:
-        if flag2:
-            y = 1
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[0, 1]
-```
-
-## if-elif without else
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool, flag2: bool):
-    y = 1
-    y = 2
-
-    if flag:
-        y = 3
-    elif flag2:
-        y = 4
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3, 4]
-```
-
-## if-elif with assignment expressions in tests
-
-```py
-def check(x: int) -> bool:
-    return bool(x)
-
-if check(x := 1):
-    x = 2
-elif check(x := 3):
-    x = 4
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3, 4]
-```
-
-## constraints apply to later test expressions
-
-```py
-def check(x) -> bool:
-    return bool(x)
-
-def _(flag: bool):
-    x = 1 if flag else None
-    y = 0
-
-    if x is None:
-        pass
-    elif check(y := x):
-        pass
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[0, 1]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/conditional/match.md

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-# Pattern matching
-
-## With wildcard
-
-```py
-def _(target: int):
-    match target:
-        case 1:
-            y = 2
-        case _:
-            y = 3
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3]
-```
-
-## Without wildcard
-
-```py
-def _(target: int):
-    match target:
-        case 1:
-            y = 2
-        case 2:
-            y = 3
-
-    # revealed: Literal[2, 3]
-    # error: [possibly-unresolved-reference]
-    reveal_type(y)
-```
-
-## Basic match
-
-```py
-def _(target: int):
-    y = 1
-    y = 2
-
-    match target:
-        case 1:
-            y = 3
-        case 2:
-            y = 4
-
-    reveal_type(y)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3, 4]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/declaration/error.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-# Errors while declaring
-
-## Violates previous assignment
-
-```py
-x = 1
-x: str  # error: [invalid-declaration] "Cannot declare type `str` for inferred type `Literal[1]`"
-```
-
-## Incompatible declarations
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        x: str
-    else:
-        x: int
-
-    x = 1  # error: [conflicting-declarations] "Conflicting declared types for `x`: str, int"
-```
-
-## Incompatible declarations for 2 (out of 3) types
-
-```py
-def _(flag1: bool, flag2: bool):
-    if flag1:
-        x: str
-    elif flag2:
-        x: int
-
-    # Here, the declared type for `x` is `int | str | Unknown`.
-    x = 1  # error: [conflicting-declarations] "Conflicting declared types for `x`: str, int"
-```
-
-## Incompatible declarations with bad assignment
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        x: str
-    else:
-        x: int
-
-    # error: [conflicting-declarations]
-    # error: [invalid-assignment]
-    x = b"foo"
-```
-
-## No errors
-
-Currently, we avoid raising the conflicting-declarations for the following cases:
-
-### Partial declarations
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        x: int
-
-    x = 1
-```
-
-### Partial declarations in try-except
-
-Refer to <https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/13966>
-
-```py
-def _():
-    try:
-        x: int = 1
-    except:
-        x = 2
-
-    x = 3
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/directives/assert_type.md

@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-# `assert_type`
-
-## Basic
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-def _(x: int):
-    assert_type(x, int)  # fine
-    assert_type(x, str)  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-```
-
-## Narrowing
-
-The asserted type is checked against the inferred type, not the declared type.
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.10"
-```
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-def _(x: int | str):
-    if isinstance(x, int):
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-        assert_type(x, int)  # fine
-```
-
-## Equivalence
-
-The actual type must match the asserted type precisely.
-
-```py
-from typing import Any, Type, Union
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-# Subtype does not count
-def _(x: bool):
-    assert_type(x, int)  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-
-def _(a: type[int], b: type[Any]):
-    assert_type(a, type[Any])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-    assert_type(b, type[int])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-
-# The expression constructing the type is not taken into account
-def _(a: type[int]):
-    assert_type(a, Type[int])  # fine
-```
-
-## Gradual types
-
-```py
-from typing import Any
-from typing_extensions import Literal, assert_type
-
-from knot_extensions import Unknown
-
-# Any and Unknown are considered equivalent
-def _(a: Unknown, b: Any):
-    reveal_type(a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    assert_type(a, Any)  # fine
-
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: Any
-    assert_type(b, Unknown)  # fine
-
-def _(a: type[Unknown], b: type[Any]):
-    reveal_type(a)  # revealed: type[Unknown]
-    assert_type(a, type[Any])  # fine
-
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: type[Any]
-    assert_type(b, type[Unknown])  # fine
-```
-
-## Tuples
-
-Tuple types with the same elements are the same.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-from knot_extensions import Unknown
-
-def _(a: tuple[int, str, bytes]):
-    assert_type(a, tuple[int, str, bytes])  # fine
-
-    assert_type(a, tuple[int, str])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-    assert_type(a, tuple[int, str, bytes, None])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-    assert_type(a, tuple[int, bytes, str])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-
-def _(a: tuple[Any, ...], b: tuple[Unknown, ...]):
-    assert_type(a, tuple[Any, ...])  # fine
-    assert_type(a, tuple[Unknown, ...])  # fine
-
-    assert_type(b, tuple[Unknown, ...])  # fine
-    assert_type(b, tuple[Any, ...])  # fine
-```
-
-## Unions
-
-Unions with the same elements are the same, regardless of order.
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.10"
-```
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-def _(a: str | int):
-    assert_type(a, str | int)  # fine
-
-    # TODO: Order-independent union handling in type equivalence
-    assert_type(a, int | str)  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-```
-
-## Intersections
-
-Intersections are the same when their positive and negative parts are respectively the same,
-regardless of order.
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import assert_type
-
-from knot_extensions import Intersection, Not
-
-class A: ...
-class B: ...
-class C: ...
-class D: ...
-
-def _(a: A):
-    if isinstance(a, B) and not isinstance(a, C) and not isinstance(a, D):
-        reveal_type(a)  # revealed: A & B & ~C & ~D
-
-        assert_type(a, Intersection[A, B, Not[C], Not[D]])  # fine
-
-        # TODO: Order-independent intersection handling in type equivalence
-        assert_type(a, Intersection[B, A, Not[D], Not[C]])  # error: [type-assertion-failure]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/directives/cast.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# `cast`
-
-`cast()` takes two arguments, one type and one value, and returns a value of the given type.
-
-The (inferred) type of the value and the given type do not need to have any correlation.
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal, cast
-
-reveal_type(True)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(cast(str, True))  # revealed: str
-reveal_type(cast("str", True))  # revealed: str
-
-reveal_type(cast(int | str, 1))  # revealed: int | str
-
-# error: [invalid-type-form]
-reveal_type(cast(Literal, True))  # revealed: Unknown
-
-# TODO: These should be errors
-cast(1)
-cast(str)
-cast(str, b"ar", "foo")
-
-# TODO: Either support keyword arguments properly,
-# or give a comprehensible error message saying they're unsupported
-cast(val="foo", typ=int)  # error: [unresolved-reference] "Name `foo` used when not defined"
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/exception/basic.md

@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-# Exception Handling
-
-## Single Exception
-
-```py
-import re
-
-try:
-    help()
-except NameError as e:
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: NameError
-except re.error as f:
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: error
-```
-
-## Unknown type in except handler does not cause spurious diagnostic
-
-```py
-from nonexistent_module import foo  # error: [unresolved-import]
-
-try:
-    help()
-except foo as e:
-    reveal_type(foo)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-```
-
-## Multiple Exceptions in a Tuple
-
-```py
-EXCEPTIONS = (AttributeError, TypeError)
-
-try:
-    help()
-except (RuntimeError, OSError) as e:
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: RuntimeError | OSError
-except EXCEPTIONS as f:
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: AttributeError | TypeError
-```
-
-## Dynamic exception types
-
-```py
-def foo(
-    x: type[AttributeError],
-    y: tuple[type[OSError], type[RuntimeError]],
-    z: tuple[type[BaseException], ...],
-):
-    try:
-        help()
-    except x as e:
-        reveal_type(e)  # revealed: AttributeError
-    except y as f:
-        reveal_type(f)  # revealed: OSError | RuntimeError
-    except z as g:
-        # TODO: should be `BaseException`
-        reveal_type(g)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-```
-
-## Invalid exception handlers
-
-```py
-try:
-    pass
-# error: [invalid-exception-caught] "Cannot catch object of type `Literal[3]` in an exception handler (must be a `BaseException` subclass or a tuple of `BaseException` subclasses)"
-except 3 as e:
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-
-try:
-    pass
-# error: [invalid-exception-caught] "Cannot catch object of type `Literal["foo"]` in an exception handler (must be a `BaseException` subclass or a tuple of `BaseException` subclasses)"
-# error: [invalid-exception-caught] "Cannot catch object of type `Literal[b"bar"]` in an exception handler (must be a `BaseException` subclass or a tuple of `BaseException` subclasses)"
-except (ValueError, OSError, "foo", b"bar") as e:
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: ValueError | OSError | Unknown
-
-def foo(
-    x: type[str],
-    y: tuple[type[OSError], type[RuntimeError], int],
-    z: tuple[type[str], ...],
-):
-    try:
-        help()
-    # error: [invalid-exception-caught]
-    except x as e:
-        reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-    # error: [invalid-exception-caught]
-    except y as f:
-        reveal_type(f)  # revealed: OSError | RuntimeError | Unknown
-    except z as g:
-        # TODO: should emit a diagnostic here:
-        reveal_type(g)  # revealed: @Todo(full tuple[...] support)
-```
-
-## Object raised is not an exception
-
-```py
-try:
-    raise AttributeError()  # fine
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise FloatingPointError  # fine
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise 1  # error: [invalid-raise]
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise int  # error: [invalid-raise]
-except:
-    ...
-
-def _(e: Exception | type[Exception]):
-    raise e  # fine
-
-def _(e: Exception | type[Exception] | None):
-    raise e  # error: [invalid-raise]
-```
-
-## Exception cause is not an exception
-
-```py
-try:
-    raise EOFError() from GeneratorExit  # fine
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise StopIteration from MemoryError()  # fine
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise BufferError() from None  # fine
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise ZeroDivisionError from False  # error: [invalid-raise]
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise SystemExit from bool()  # error: [invalid-raise]
-except:
-    ...
-
-try:
-    raise
-except KeyboardInterrupt as e:  # fine
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: KeyboardInterrupt
-    raise LookupError from e  # fine
-
-try:
-    raise
-except int as e:  # error: [invalid-exception-caught]
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-    raise KeyError from e
-
-def _(e: Exception | type[Exception]):
-    raise ModuleNotFoundError from e  # fine
-
-def _(e: Exception | type[Exception] | None):
-    raise IndexError from e  # fine
-
-def _(e: int | None):
-    raise IndexError from e  # error: [invalid-raise]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/exception/control_flow.md

@@ -1,622 +0,0 @@
-# Control flow for exception handlers
-
-These tests assert that we understand the possible "definition states" (which symbols might or might
-not be defined) in the various branches of a `try`/`except`/`else`/`finally` block.
-
-For a full writeup on the semantics of exception handlers, see [this document][1].
-
-The tests throughout this Markdown document use functions with names starting with `could_raise_*`
-to mark definitions that might or might not succeed (as the function could raise an exception). A
-type checker must assume that any arbitrary function call could raise an exception in Python; this
-is just a naming convention used in these tests for clarity, and to future-proof the tests against
-possible future improvements whereby certain statements or expressions could potentially be inferred
-as being incapable of causing an exception to be raised.
-
-## A single bare `except`
-
-Consider the following `try`/`except` block, with a single bare `except:`. There are different types
-for the variable `x` in the two branches of this block, and we can't determine which branch might
-have been taken from the perspective of code following this block. The inferred type after the
-block's conclusion is therefore the union of the type at the end of the `try` suite (`str`) and the
-type at the end of the `except` suite (`Literal[2]`).
-
-*Within* the `except` suite, we must infer a union of all possible "definition states" we could have
-been in at any point during the `try` suite. This is because control flow could have jumped to the
-`except` suite without any of the `try`-suite definitions successfully completing, with only *some*
-of the `try`-suite definitions successfully completing, or indeed with *all* of them successfully
-completing. The type of `x` at the beginning of the `except` suite in this example is therefore
-`Literal[1] | str`, taking into account that we might have jumped to the `except` suite before the
-`x = could_raise_returns_str()` redefinition, but we *also* could have jumped to the `except` suite
-*after* that redefinition.
-
-```py path=union_type_inferred.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | Literal[2]
-```
-
-If `x` has the same type at the end of both branches, however, the branches unify and `x` is not
-inferred as having a union type following the `try`/`except` block:
-
-```py path=branches_unify_to_non_union_type.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-except:
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-## A non-bare `except`
-
-For simple `try`/`except` blocks, an `except TypeError:` handler has the same control flow semantics
-as an `except:` handler. An `except TypeError:` handler will not catch *all* exceptions: if this is
-the only handler, it opens up the possibility that an exception might occur that would not be
-handled. However, as described in [the document on exception-handling semantics][1], that would lead
-to termination of the scope. It's therefore irrelevant to consider this possibility when it comes to
-control-flow analysis.
-
-```py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | Literal[2]
-```
-
-## Multiple `except` branches
-
-If the scope reaches the final `reveal_type` call in this example, either the `try`-block suite of
-statements was executed in its entirety, or exactly one `except` suite was executed in its entirety.
-The inferred type of `x` at this point is the union of the types at the end of the three suites:
-
-- At the end of `try`, `type(x) == str`
-- At the end of `except TypeError`, `x == 2`
-- At the end of `except ValueError`, `x == 3`
-
-```py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-except ValueError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 3
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[3]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | Literal[2, 3]
-```
-
-## Exception handlers with `else` branches (but no `finally`)
-
-If we reach the `reveal_type` call at the end of this scope, either the `try` and `else` suites were
-both executed in their entireties, or the `except` suite was executed in its entirety. The type of
-`x` at this point is the union of the type at the end of the `else` suite and the type at the end of
-the `except` suite:
-
-- At the end of `else`, `x == 3`
-- At the end of `except`, `x == 2`
-
-```py path=single_except.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-else:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-    x = 3
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[3]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3]
-```
-
-For a block that has multiple `except` branches and an `else` branch, the same principle applies. In
-order to reach the final `reveal_type` call, either exactly one of the `except` suites must have
-been executed in its entirety, or the `try` suite and the `else` suite must both have been executed
-in their entireties:
-
-```py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-except ValueError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = 3
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[3]
-else:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-    x = 4
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[4]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2, 3, 4]
-```
-
-## Exception handlers with `finally` branches (but no `except` branches)
-
-A `finally` suite is *always* executed. As such, if we reach the `reveal_type` call at the end of
-this example, we know that `x` *must* have been reassigned to `2` during the `finally` suite. The
-type of `x` at the end of the example is therefore `Literal[2]`:
-
-```py path=redef_in_finally.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-finally:
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-```
-
-If `x` was *not* redefined in the `finally` suite, however, things are somewhat more complicated. If
-we reach the final `reveal_type` call, unlike the state when we're visiting the `finally` suite, we
-know that the `try`-block suite ran to completion. This means that there are fewer possible states
-at this point than there were when we were inside the `finally` block.
-
-(Our current model does *not* correctly infer the types *inside* `finally` suites, however; this is
-still a TODO item for us.)
-
-```py path=no_redef_in_finally.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be Literal[1] | str
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-```
-
-## Combining an `except` branch with a `finally` branch
-
-As previously stated, we do not yet have accurate inference for types *inside* `finally` suites.
-When we do, however, we will have to take account of the following possibilities inside `finally`
-suites:
-
-- The `try` suite could have run to completion
-- Or we could have jumped from halfway through the `try` suite to an `except` suite, and the
-    `except` suite ran to completion
-- Or we could have jumped from halfway through the `try` suite straight to the `finally` suite due
-    to an unhandled exception
-- Or we could have jumped from halfway through the `try` suite to an `except` suite, only for an
-    exception raised in the `except` suite to cause us to jump to the `finally` suite before the
-    `except` suite ran to completion
-
-```py path=redef_in_finally.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-    x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bool
-    x = 2
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-```
-
-Now for an example without a redefinition in the `finally` suite. As before, there *should* be fewer
-possibilities after completion of the `finally` suite than there were during the `finally` suite
-itself. (In some control-flow possibilities, some exceptions were merely *suspended* during the
-`finally` suite; these lead to the scope's termination following the conclusion of the `finally`
-suite.)
-
-```py path=no_redef_in_finally.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-    x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bool
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bool
-```
-
-An example with multiple `except` branches and a `finally` branch:
-
-```py path=multiple_except_branches.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-def could_raise_returns_memoryview() -> memoryview:
-    return memoryview(b"")
-
-def could_raise_returns_float() -> float:
-    return 3.14
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-    x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-except ValueError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_memoryview()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: memoryview
-    x = could_raise_returns_float()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bool | float
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bool | float
-```
-
-## Combining `except`, `else` and `finally` branches
-
-If the exception handler has an `else` branch, we must also take into account the possibility that
-control flow could have jumped to the `finally` suite from partway through the `else` suite due to
-an exception raised *there*.
-
-```py path=single_except_branch.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-def could_raise_returns_memoryview() -> memoryview:
-    return memoryview(b"")
-
-def could_raise_returns_float() -> float:
-    return 3.14
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-    x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-else:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-    x = could_raise_returns_memoryview()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: memoryview
-    x = could_raise_returns_float()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool | float
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool | float
-```
-
-The same again, this time with multiple `except` branches:
-
-```py path=multiple_except_branches.py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-def could_raise_returns_memoryview() -> memoryview:
-    return memoryview(b"")
-
-def could_raise_returns_float() -> float:
-    return 3.14
-
-def could_raise_returns_range() -> range:
-    return range(42)
-
-def could_raise_returns_slice() -> slice:
-    return slice(None)
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-    x = could_raise_returns_str()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-except TypeError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-    x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-except ValueError:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-    x = could_raise_returns_memoryview()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: memoryview
-    x = could_raise_returns_float()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-else:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-    x = could_raise_returns_range()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: range
-    x = could_raise_returns_slice()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: slice
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float | range | slice`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool | float | slice
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool | float | slice
-```
-
-## Nested `try`/`except` blocks
-
-It would take advanced analysis, which we are not yet capable of, to be able to determine that an
-exception handler always suppresses all exceptions. This is partly because it is possible for
-statements in `except`, `else` and `finally` suites to raise exceptions as well as statements in
-`try` suites. This means that if an exception handler is nested inside the `try` statement of an
-enclosing exception handler, it should (at least for now) be treated the same as any other node: as
-a suite containing statements that could possibly raise exceptions, which would lead to control flow
-jumping out of that suite prior to the suite running to completion.
-
-```py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bool() -> bool:
-    return True
-
-def could_raise_returns_memoryview() -> memoryview:
-    return memoryview(b"")
-
-def could_raise_returns_float() -> float:
-    return 3.14
-
-def could_raise_returns_range() -> range:
-    return range(42)
-
-def could_raise_returns_slice() -> slice:
-    return slice(None)
-
-def could_raise_returns_complex() -> complex:
-    return 3j
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytearray() -> bytearray:
-    return bytearray()
-
-class Foo: ...
-class Bar: ...
-
-def could_raise_returns_Foo() -> Foo:
-    return Foo()
-
-def could_raise_returns_Bar() -> Bar:
-    return Bar()
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-    try:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-        x = could_raise_returns_str()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-    except TypeError:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-        x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-        x = could_raise_returns_bool()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-    except ValueError:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | str
-        x = could_raise_returns_memoryview()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: memoryview
-        x = could_raise_returns_float()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-    else:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-        x = could_raise_returns_range()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: range
-        x = could_raise_returns_slice()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: slice
-    finally:
-        # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float | range | slice`
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool | float | slice
-        x = 2
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-except:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float | range | slice
-    x = could_raise_returns_complex()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: complex
-    x = could_raise_returns_bytearray()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytearray
-else:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-    x = could_raise_returns_Foo()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Foo
-    x = could_raise_returns_Bar()
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Bar
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1, 2] | str | bytes | bool | memoryview | float | range | slice | complex | bytearray | Foo | Bar`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytearray | Bar
-
-# Either one `except` branch or the `else`
-# must have been taken and completed to get here:
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytearray | Bar
-```
-
-## Nested scopes inside `try` blocks
-
-Shadowing a variable in an inner scope has no effect on type inference of the variable by that name
-in the outer scope:
-
-```py
-def could_raise_returns_str() -> str:
-    return "foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytes() -> bytes:
-    return b"foo"
-
-def could_raise_returns_range() -> range:
-    return range(42)
-
-def could_raise_returns_bytearray() -> bytearray:
-    return bytearray()
-
-def could_raise_returns_float() -> float:
-    return 3.14
-
-x = 1
-
-try:
-
-    def foo(param=could_raise_returns_str()):
-        x = could_raise_returns_str()
-
-        try:
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str
-            x = could_raise_returns_bytes()
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes
-        except:
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | bytes
-            x = could_raise_returns_bytearray()
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytearray
-            x = could_raise_returns_float()
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: float
-        finally:
-            # TODO: should be `str | bytes | bytearray | float`
-            reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes | float
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bytes | float
-    x = foo
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[foo]
-except:
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[1] | Literal[foo]
-
-    class Bar:
-        x = could_raise_returns_range()
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: range
-
-    x = Bar
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[Bar]
-finally:
-    # TODO: should be `Literal[1] | Literal[foo] | Literal[Bar]`
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[foo] | Literal[Bar]
-
-reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[foo] | Literal[Bar]
-```
-
-[1]: https://astral-sh.notion.site/Exception-handler-control-flow-11348797e1ca80bb8ce1e9aedbbe439d

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/exception/except_star.md

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# `except*`
-
-`except*` is only available in Python 3.11 and later:
-
-```toml
-[environment]
-python-version = "3.11"
-```
-
-## `except*` with `BaseException`
-
-```py
-try:
-    help()
-except* BaseException as e:
-    # TODO: should be `BaseExceptionGroup[BaseException]` --Alex
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-```
-
-## `except*` with specific exception
-
-```py
-try:
-    help()
-except* OSError as e:
-    # TODO: more precise would be `ExceptionGroup[OSError]` --Alex
-    # (needs homogenous tuples + generics)
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-```
-
-## `except*` with multiple exceptions
-
-```py
-try:
-    help()
-except* (TypeError, AttributeError) as e:
-    # TODO: more precise would be `ExceptionGroup[TypeError | AttributeError]` --Alex
-    # (needs homogenous tuples + generics)
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-```
-
-## `except*` with mix of `Exception`s and `BaseException`s
-
-```py
-try:
-    help()
-except* (KeyboardInterrupt, AttributeError) as e:
-    # TODO: more precise would be `BaseExceptionGroup[KeyboardInterrupt | AttributeError]` --Alex
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-```
-
-## Invalid `except*` handlers
-
-```py
-try:
-    help()
-except* 3 as e:  # error: [invalid-exception-caught]
-    # TODO: Should be `BaseExceptionGroup[Unknown]` --Alex
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-
-try:
-    help()
-except* (AttributeError, 42) as e:  # error: [invalid-exception-caught]
-    # TODO: Should be `BaseExceptionGroup[AttributeError | Unknown]` --Alex
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: BaseExceptionGroup
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/exception/invalid_syntax.md

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# Exception Handling
-
-## Invalid syntax
-
-```py
-from typing_extensions import reveal_type
-
-try:
-    print
-except as e:  # error: [invalid-syntax]
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/expression/attribute.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# Attribute access
-
-## Boundness
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    class A:
-        always_bound = 1
-
-        if flag:
-            union = 1
-        else:
-            union = "abc"
-
-        if flag:
-            possibly_unbound = "abc"
-
-    reveal_type(A.always_bound)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-    reveal_type(A.union)  # revealed: Literal[1, "abc"]
-
-    # error: [possibly-unbound-attribute] "Attribute `possibly_unbound` on type `Literal[A]` is possibly unbound"
-    reveal_type(A.possibly_unbound)  # revealed: Literal["abc"]
-
-    # error: [unresolved-attribute] "Type `Literal[A]` has no attribute `non_existent`"
-    reveal_type(A.non_existent)  # revealed: Unknown
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/expression/boolean.md

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-# Expressions
-
-## OR
-
-```py
-def _(foo: str):
-    reveal_type(True or False)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("x" or "y" or "z")  # revealed: Literal["x"]
-    reveal_type("" or "y" or "z")  # revealed: Literal["y"]
-    reveal_type(False or "z")  # revealed: Literal["z"]
-    reveal_type(False or True)  # revealed: Literal[True]
-    reveal_type(False or False)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(foo or False)  # revealed: str & ~AlwaysFalsy | Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(foo or True)  # revealed: str & ~AlwaysFalsy | Literal[True]
-```
-
-## AND
-
-```py
-def _(foo: str):
-    reveal_type(True and False)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(False and True)  # revealed: Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(foo and False)  # revealed: str & ~AlwaysTruthy | Literal[False]
-    reveal_type(foo and True)  # revealed: str & ~AlwaysTruthy | Literal[True]
-    reveal_type("x" and "y" and "z")  # revealed: Literal["z"]
-    reveal_type("x" and "y" and "")  # revealed: Literal[""]
-    reveal_type("" and "y")  # revealed: Literal[""]
-```
-
-## Simple function calls to bool
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    if flag:
-        x = True
-    else:
-        x = False
-
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Complex
-
-```py
-reveal_type("x" and "y" or "z")  # revealed: Literal["y"]
-reveal_type("x" or "y" and "z")  # revealed: Literal["x"]
-reveal_type("" and "y" or "z")  # revealed: Literal["z"]
-reveal_type("" or "y" and "z")  # revealed: Literal["z"]
-reveal_type("x" and "y" or "")  # revealed: Literal["y"]
-reveal_type("x" or "y" and "")  # revealed: Literal["x"]
-```
-
-## `bool()` function
-
-## Evaluates to builtin
-
-```py path=a.py
-redefined_builtin_bool = bool
-
-def my_bool(x) -> bool:
-    return True
-```
-
-```py
-from a import redefined_builtin_bool, my_bool
-
-reveal_type(redefined_builtin_bool(0))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(my_bool(0))  # revealed: bool
-```
-
-## Truthy values
-
-```py
-reveal_type(bool(1))  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(bool((0,)))  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(bool("NON EMPTY"))  # revealed: Literal[True]
-reveal_type(bool(True))  # revealed: Literal[True]
-
-def foo(): ...
-
-reveal_type(bool(foo))  # revealed: Literal[True]
-```
-
-## Falsy values
-
-```py
-reveal_type(bool(0))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(bool(()))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(bool(None))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(bool(""))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(bool(False))  # revealed: Literal[False]
-reveal_type(bool())  # revealed: Literal[False]
-```
-
-## Ambiguous values
-
-```py
-reveal_type(bool([]))  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(bool({}))  # revealed: bool
-reveal_type(bool(set()))  # revealed: bool
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/expression/if.md

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# If expression
-
-## Union
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    reveal_type(1 if flag else 2)  # revealed: Literal[1, 2]
-```
-
-## Statically known conditions in if-expressions
-
-```py
-reveal_type(1 if True else 2)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(1 if "not empty" else 2)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(1 if (1,) else 2)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(1 if 1 else 2)  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-reveal_type(1 if False else 2)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(1 if None else 2)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(1 if "" else 2)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(1 if 0 else 2)  # revealed: Literal[2]
-```
-
-## Leaked Narrowing Constraint
-
-(issue #14588)
-
-The test inside an if expression should not affect code outside of the expression.
-
-```py
-def _(flag: bool):
-    x: Literal[42, "hello"] = 42 if flag else "hello"
-
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[42, "hello"]
-
-    _ = ... if isinstance(x, str) else ...
-
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Literal[42, "hello"]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/expression/len.md

@@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
-# Length (`len()`)
-
-## Literal and constructed iterables
-
-### Strings and bytes literals
-
-```py
-reveal_type(len("no\rmal"))  # revealed: Literal[6]
-reveal_type(len(r"aw stri\ng"))  # revealed: Literal[10]
-reveal_type(len(r"conca\t" "ena\tion"))  # revealed: Literal[14]
-reveal_type(len(b"ytes lite" rb"al"))  # revealed: Literal[11]
-reveal_type(len("𝒰𝕹🄸©🕲𝕕ℇ"))  # revealed: Literal[7]
-
-reveal_type(  # revealed: Literal[7]
-    len(
-        """foo
-bar"""
-    )
-)
-reveal_type(  # revealed: Literal[9]
-    len(
-        r"""foo\r
-bar"""
-    )
-)
-reveal_type(  # revealed: Literal[7]
-    len(
-        b"""foo
-bar"""
-    )
-)
-reveal_type(  # revealed: Literal[9]
-    len(
-        rb"""foo\r
-bar"""
-    )
-)
-```
-
-### Tuples
-
-```py
-reveal_type(len(()))  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(len((1,)))  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(len((1, 2)))  # revealed: Literal[2]
-
-# TODO: Handle constructor calls
-reveal_type(len(tuple()))  # revealed: int
-
-# TODO: Handle star unpacks; Should be: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(len((*[],)))  # revealed: Literal[1]
-
-# TODO: Handle star unpacks; Should be: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(  # revealed: Literal[2]
-    len(
-        (
-            *[],
-            1,
-        )
-    )
-)
-
-# TODO: Handle star unpacks; Should be: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(len((*[], 1, 2)))  # revealed: Literal[3]
-
-# TODO: Handle star unpacks; Should be: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(len((*[], *{})))  # revealed: Literal[2]
-```
-
-### Lists, sets and dictionaries
-
-```py
-reveal_type(len([]))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len([1]))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len([1, 2]))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len([*{}, *dict()]))  # revealed: int
-
-reveal_type(len({}))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len({**{}}))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len({**{}, **{}}))  # revealed: int
-
-reveal_type(len({1}))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len({1, 2}))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len({*[], 2}))  # revealed: int
-
-reveal_type(len(list()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(set()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(dict()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(frozenset()))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-## `__len__`
-
-The returned value of `__len__` is implicitly and recursively converted to `int`.
-
-### Literal integers
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-class Zero:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[0]: ...
-
-class ZeroOrOne:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[0, 1]: ...
-
-class ZeroOrTrue:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[0, True]: ...
-
-class OneOrFalse:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[1] | Literal[False]: ...
-
-class OneOrFoo:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[1, "foo"]: ...
-
-class ZeroOrStr:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[0] | str: ...
-
-reveal_type(len(Zero()))  # revealed: Literal[0]
-reveal_type(len(ZeroOrOne()))  # revealed: Literal[0, 1]
-reveal_type(len(ZeroOrTrue()))  # revealed: Literal[0, 1]
-reveal_type(len(OneOrFalse()))  # revealed: Literal[1, 0]
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(OneOrFoo()))  # revealed: int
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(ZeroOrStr()))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Literal booleans
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-class LiteralTrue:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[True]: ...
-
-class LiteralFalse:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[False]: ...
-
-reveal_type(len(LiteralTrue()))  # revealed: Literal[1]
-reveal_type(len(LiteralFalse()))  # revealed: Literal[0]
-```
-
-### Enums
-
-```py
-from enum import Enum, auto
-from typing import Literal
-
-class SomeEnum(Enum):
-    AUTO = auto()
-    INT = 2
-    STR = "4"
-    TUPLE = (8, "16")
-    INT_2 = 3_2
-
-class Auto:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[SomeEnum.AUTO]: ...
-
-class Int:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[SomeEnum.INT]: ...
-
-class Str:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[SomeEnum.STR]: ...
-
-class Tuple:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[SomeEnum.TUPLE]: ...
-
-class IntUnion:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[SomeEnum.INT, SomeEnum.INT_2]: ...
-
-reveal_type(len(Auto()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(Int()))  # revealed: Literal[2]
-reveal_type(len(Str()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(Tuple()))  # revealed: int
-reveal_type(len(IntUnion()))  # revealed: Literal[2, 32]
-```
-
-### Negative integers
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-class Negative:
-    def __len__(self) -> Literal[-1]: ...
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(Negative()))  # revealed: int
-```
-
-### Wrong signature
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-class SecondOptionalArgument:
-    def __len__(self, v: int = 0) -> Literal[0]: ...
-
-class SecondRequiredArgument:
-    def __len__(self, v: int) -> Literal[1]: ...
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(SecondOptionalArgument()))  # revealed: Literal[0]
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(SecondRequiredArgument()))  # revealed: Literal[1]
-```
-
-### No `__len__`
-
-```py
-class NoDunderLen: ...
-
-# TODO: Emit a diagnostic
-reveal_type(len(NoDunderLen()))  # revealed: int
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/final.md

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-# Tests for the `@typing(_extensions).final` decorator
-
-## Cannot subclass
-
-Don't do this:
-
-```py
-import typing_extensions
-from typing import final
-
-@final
-class A: ...
-
-class B(A): ...  # error: 9 [subclass-of-final-class] "Class `B` cannot inherit from final class `A`"
-
-@typing_extensions.final
-class C: ...
-
-class D(C): ...  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
-class E: ...
-class F: ...
-class G: ...
-
-# fmt: off
-class H(
-    E,
-    F,
-    A,  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
-    G,
-): ...
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/function/parameters.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-# Function parameter types
-
-Within a function scope, the declared type of each parameter is its annotated type (or Unknown if
-not annotated). The initial inferred type is the union of the declared type with the type of the
-default value expression (if any). If both are fully static types, this union should simplify to the
-annotated type (since the default value type must be assignable to the annotated type, and for fully
-static types this means subtype-of, which simplifies in unions). But if the annotated type is
-Unknown or another non-fully-static type, the default value type may still be relevant as lower
-bound.
-
-The variadic parameter is a variadic tuple of its annotated type; the variadic-keywords parameter is
-a dictionary from strings to its annotated type.
-
-## Parameter kinds
-
-```py
-from typing import Literal
-
-def f(a, b: int, c=1, d: int = 2, /, e=3, f: Literal[4] = 4, *args: object, g=5, h: Literal[6] = 6, **kwargs: str):
-    reveal_type(a)  # revealed: Unknown
-    reveal_type(b)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(c)  # revealed: Unknown | Literal[1]
-    reveal_type(d)  # revealed: int
-    reveal_type(e)  # revealed: Unknown | Literal[3]
-    reveal_type(f)  # revealed: Literal[4]
-    reveal_type(g)  # revealed: Unknown | Literal[5]
-    reveal_type(h)  # revealed: Literal[6]
-
-    # TODO: should be `tuple[object, ...]` (needs generics)
-    reveal_type(args)  # revealed: tuple
-
-    # TODO: should be `dict[str, str]` (needs generics)
-    reveal_type(kwargs)  # revealed: dict
-```
-
-## Unannotated variadic parameters
-
-...are inferred as tuple of Unknown or dict from string to Unknown.
-
-```py
-def g(*args, **kwargs):
-    # TODO: should be `tuple[Unknown, ...]` (needs generics)
-    reveal_type(args)  # revealed: tuple
-
-    # TODO: should be `dict[str, Unknown]` (needs generics)
-    reveal_type(kwargs)  # revealed: dict
-```
-
-## Annotation is present but not a fully static type
-
-The default value type should be a lower bound on the inferred type.
-
-```py
-from typing import Any
-
-def f(x: Any = 1):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Any | Literal[1]
-```
-
-## Default value type must be assignable to annotated type
-
-The default value type must be assignable to the annotated type. If not, we emit a diagnostic, and
-fall back to inferring the annotated type, ignoring the default value type.
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-parameter-default]
-def f(x: int = "foo"):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: int
-
-# The check is assignable-to, not subtype-of, so this is fine:
-from typing import Any
-
-def g(x: Any = "foo"):
-    reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Any | Literal["foo"]
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/generics.md

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-# PEP 695 Generics
-
-## Class Declarations
-
-Basic PEP 695 generics
-
-```py
-class MyBox[T]:
-    data: T
-    box_model_number = 695
-
-    def __init__(self, data: T):
-        self.data = data
-
-box: MyBox[int] = MyBox(5)
-
-# TODO should emit a diagnostic here (str is not assignable to int)
-wrong_innards: MyBox[int] = MyBox("five")
-
-# TODO reveal int
-reveal_type(box.data)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-
-reveal_type(MyBox.box_model_number)  # revealed: Literal[695]
-```
-
-## Subclassing
-
-```py
-class MyBox[T]:
-    data: T
-
-    def __init__(self, data: T):
-        self.data = data
-
-# TODO not error on the subscripting
-# error: [non-subscriptable]
-class MySecureBox[T](MyBox[T]): ...
-
-secure_box: MySecureBox[int] = MySecureBox(5)
-reveal_type(secure_box)  # revealed: MySecureBox
-# TODO reveal int
-reveal_type(secure_box.data)  # revealed: @Todo(instance attributes)
-```
-
-## Cyclical class definition
-
-In type stubs, classes can reference themselves in their base class definitions. For example, in
-`typeshed`, we have `class str(Sequence[str]): ...`.
-
-This should hold true even with generics at play.
-
-```py path=a.pyi
-class Seq[T]: ...
-
-# TODO not error on the subscripting
-class S[T](Seq[S]): ...  # error: [non-subscriptable]
-
-reveal_type(S)  # revealed: Literal[S]
-```
-
-## Type params
-
-A PEP695 type variable defines a value of type `typing.TypeVar`.
-
-```py
-def f[T]():
-    reveal_type(T)  # revealed: T
-    reveal_type(T.__name__)  # revealed: Literal["T"]
-```
-
-## Minimum two constraints
-
-A typevar with less than two constraints emits a diagnostic:
-
-```py
-# error: [invalid-type-variable-constraints] "TypeVar must have at least two constrained types"
-def f[T: (int,)]():
-    pass
-```

crates/red_knot_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/import/basic.md

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-# Structures
-
-## Class import following
-
-```py
-from b import C as D
-
-E = D
-reveal_type(E)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=b.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Module member resolution
-
-```py
-import b
-
-D = b.C
-reveal_type(D)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=b.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Nested
-
-```py
-import a.b
-
-reveal_type(a.b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=a/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Deeply nested
-
-```py
-import a.b.c
-
-reveal_type(a.b.c.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=a/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b/c.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Nested with rename
-
-```py
-import a.b as b
-
-reveal_type(b.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=a/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Deeply nested with rename
-
-```py
-import a.b.c as c
-
-reveal_type(c.C)  # revealed: Literal[C]
-```
-
-```py path=a/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b/__init__.py
-```
-
-```py path=a/b/c.py
-class C: ...
-```
-
-## Unresolvable submodule imports
-
-```py
-# Topmost component resolvable, submodule not resolvable:
-import a.foo  # error: [unresolved-import] "Cannot resolve import `a.foo`"
-
-# Topmost component unresolvable:
-import b.foo  # error: [unresolved-import] "Cannot resolve import `b.foo`"
-```
-
-```py path=a/__init__.py
-```