Reverts

crates/ruff/src/checkers/ast/mod.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ use ruff_python_stdlib::builtins::{BUILTINS, MAGIC_GLOBALS};
 use ruff_python_stdlib::path::is_python_stub_file;
 
 use crate::checkers::ast::deferred::Deferred;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::RegisteredRule;
 use crate::docstrings::extraction::ExtractionTarget;
 use crate::docstrings::Docstring;
 use crate::fs::relativize_path;
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ use crate::settings::{flags, Settings};
 use crate::{autofix, docstrings, noqa, warn_user};
 
 mod deferred;
+pub(crate) mod traits;
 
 pub(crate) struct Checker<'a> {
     // Settings, static metadata, etc.
@@ -77,6 +79,16 @@ pub(crate) struct Checker<'a> {
     deferred: Deferred<'a>,
     // Check-specific state.
     pub(crate) flake8_bugbear_seen: Vec<&'a Expr>,
+    // Dispatchers
+    call_rules: Vec<RegisteredRule<ast::ExprCall>>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct RuleContext<'a> {
+    pub(crate) settings: &'a Settings,
+    pub(crate) locator: &'a Locator<'a>,
+    pub(crate) stylist: &'a Stylist<'a>,
+    pub(crate) indexer: &'a Indexer,
+    pub(crate) ctx: &'a Context<'a>,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Checker<'a> {
@@ -110,10 +122,63 @@ impl<'a> Checker<'a> {
             diagnostics: Vec::default(),
             deletions: FxHashSet::default(),
             flake8_bugbear_seen: Vec::default(),
+            call_rules: [
+                RegisteredRule::new::<flake8_django::rules::DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::DeprecatedUnittestAlias>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::SuperCallWithParameters>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::RedundantOpenModes>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::NativeLiterals>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::OpenAlias>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::ReplaceUniversalNewlines>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::ReplaceStdoutStderr>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::OSErrorAlias>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::NonPEP604Isinstance>(),
+                RegisteredRule::new::<pyupgrade::rules::TypeOfPrimitive>(),
+            ]
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|rule| rule.enabled(settings))
+            .collect(),
         }
     }
 }
 
+// TODO(charlie): Remove these methods from `Checker`, use the immutable `RuleContext` everywhere.
+impl<'a> RuleContext<'a> {
+    /// Return `true` if a patch should be generated under the given autofix
+    /// `Mode`.
+    pub(crate) fn patch(&self, code: Rule) -> bool {
+        self.settings.rules.should_fix(code)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a [`Generator`] to generate source code based on the current AST state.
+    pub(crate) fn generator(&self) -> Generator {
+        fn quote_style(context: &Context, locator: &Locator, indexer: &Indexer) -> Option<Quote> {
+            if !context.in_f_string() {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            // Find the quote character used to start the containing f-string.
+            let expr = context.expr()?;
+            let string_range = indexer.f_string_range(expr.start())?;
+            let trailing_quote = trailing_quote(locator.slice(string_range))?;
+
+            // Invert the quote character, if it's a single quote.
+            match *trailing_quote {
+                "'" => Some(Quote::Double),
+                "\"" => Some(Quote::Single),
+                _ => None,
+            }
+        }
+
+        Generator::new(
+            self.stylist.indentation(),
+            quote_style(self.ctx, self.locator, self.indexer).unwrap_or(self.stylist.quote()),
+            self.stylist.line_ending(),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a> Checker<'a> {
     /// Return `true` if a patch should be generated under the given autofix
     /// `Mode`.
@@ -2567,12 +2632,26 @@ where
                 }
                 pandas_vet::rules::attr(self, attr, value, expr);
             }
-            Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall {
-                func,
-                args,
-                keywords,
-                range: _,
-            }) => {
+            Expr::Call(call) => {
+                let context = RuleContext {
+                    settings: self.settings,
+                    locator: self.locator,
+                    stylist: self.stylist,
+                    indexer: self.indexer,
+                    ctx: &self.ctx,
+                };
+                for rule in &self.call_rules {
+                    rule.run(&mut self.diagnostics, &context, call);
+                }
+
+                // Destructure for the rest of the rules, for now.
+                let ast::ExprCall {
+                    func,
+                    args,
+                    keywords,
+                    range: _,
+                } = call;
+
                 if self.settings.rules.any_enabled(&[
                     // pyflakes
                     Rule::StringDotFormatInvalidFormat,
@@ -2672,43 +2751,6 @@ where
                     }
                 }
 
-                // pyupgrade
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::TypeOfPrimitive) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::type_of_primitive(self, expr, func, args);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::DeprecatedUnittestAlias) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::deprecated_unittest_alias(self, func);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::SuperCallWithParameters) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::super_call_with_parameters(self, expr, func, args);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::unnecessary_encode_utf8(self, expr, func, args, keywords);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::RedundantOpenModes) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::redundant_open_modes(self, expr);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::NativeLiterals) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::native_literals(self, expr, func, args, keywords);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::OpenAlias) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::open_alias(self, expr, func);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::ReplaceUniversalNewlines) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::replace_universal_newlines(self, func, keywords);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::ReplaceStdoutStderr) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::replace_stdout_stderr(self, expr, func, args, keywords);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::OSErrorAlias) {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::os_error_alias_call(self, func);
-                }
-                if self.settings.rules.enabled(Rule::NonPEP604Isinstance)
-                    && self.settings.target_version >= PythonVersion::Py310
-                {
-                    pyupgrade::rules::use_pep604_isinstance(self, expr, func, args);
-                }
-
                 // flake8-async
                 if self
                     .settings
@@ -3294,15 +3336,6 @@ where
                 {
                     pylint::rules::logging_call(self, func, args, keywords);
                 }
-
-                // flake8-django
-                if self
-                    .settings
-                    .rules
-                    .enabled(Rule::DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction)
-                {
-                    flake8_django::rules::locals_in_render_function(self, func, args, keywords);
-                }
             }
             Expr::Dict(ast::ExprDict {
                 keys,

crates/ruff/src/checkers/ast/traits.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+use ruff_diagnostics::Diagnostic;
+
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::Rule;
+use crate::settings::Settings;
+
+/// Trait for a lint rule that can be run on an AST node of type `T`.
+pub(crate) trait Analyzer<T>: Sized {
+    /// The [`Rule`] that this analyzer implements.
+    fn rule() -> Rule;
+
+    /// Run the analyzer on the given node.
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &T);
+}
+
+/// Internal representation of a single [`Rule`] that can be run on an AST node of type `T`.
+pub(super) struct RegisteredRule<T> {
+    rule: Rule,
+    run: Executor<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T> RegisteredRule<T> {
+    pub(super) fn new<R: Analyzer<T> + 'static>() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rule: R::rule(),
+            run: R::run,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub(super) fn enabled(&self, settings: &Settings) -> bool {
+        settings.rules.enabled(self.rule)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub(super) fn run(&self, diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, context: &RuleContext, node: &T) {
+        (self.run)(diagnostics, context, node);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Executor for an [`Analyzer`] as a generic function pointer.
+type Executor<T> = fn(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &T);

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_django/rules/locals_in_render_function.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Ranged};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::Rule;
 
 /// ## What it does
 /// Checks for the use of `locals()` in `render` functions.
@@ -43,11 +45,25 @@ impl Violation for DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction {
 }
 
 /// DJ003
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, context: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        locals_in_render_function(diagnostics, context, node);
+    }
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn locals_in_render_function(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
-    keywords: &[Keyword],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func,
+        args,
+        keywords,
+        ..
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
     if !checker
         .ctx
@@ -76,13 +92,13 @@ pub(crate) fn locals_in_render_function(
         return;
     };
 
-    checker.diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
+    diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
         DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction,
         locals.range(),
     ));
 }
 
-fn is_locals_call(checker: &Checker, expr: &Expr) -> bool {
+fn is_locals_call(checker: &RuleContext, expr: &Expr) -> bool {
     let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall { func, .. }) = expr else {
         return false
     };

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_django/rules/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 pub(crate) use all_with_model_form::{all_with_model_form, DjangoAllWithModelForm};
 pub(crate) use exclude_with_model_form::{exclude_with_model_form, DjangoExcludeWithModelForm};
-pub(crate) use locals_in_render_function::{
-    locals_in_render_function, DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction,
-};
+pub(crate) use locals_in_render_function::DjangoLocalsInRenderFunction;
 pub(crate) use model_without_dunder_str::{model_without_dunder_str, DjangoModelWithoutDunderStr};
 pub(crate) use non_leading_receiver_decorator::{
     non_leading_receiver_decorator, DjangoNonLeadingReceiverDecorator,

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/fixes.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use libcst_native::{
     SmallStatement, Statement, Suite,
 };
 use ruff_text_size::{TextRange, TextSize};
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{Expr, Ranged};
 use rustpython_parser::{lexer, Mode, Tok};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::Edit;
@@ -51,11 +50,10 @@ pub(crate) fn adjust_indentation(
 
 /// Generate a fix to remove arguments from a `super` call.
 pub(crate) fn remove_super_arguments(
+    range: TextRange,
     locator: &Locator,
     stylist: &Stylist,
-    expr: &Expr,
 ) -> Option<Edit> {
-    let range = expr.range();
     let contents = locator.slice(range);
 
     let mut tree = libcst_native::parse_module(contents, None).ok()?;

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/deprecated_unittest_alias.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use rustc_hash::FxHashMap;
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[violation]
 pub struct DeprecatedUnittestAlias {
@@ -27,6 +28,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for DeprecatedUnittestAlias {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for DeprecatedUnittestAlias {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::DeprecatedUnittestAlias
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        deprecated_unittest_alias(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 static DEPRECATED_ALIASES: Lazy<FxHashMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
     FxHashMap::from_iter([
         ("failUnlessEqual", "assertEqual"),
@@ -48,11 +59,12 @@ static DEPRECATED_ALIASES: Lazy<FxHashMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = Lazy::n
 });
 
 /// UP005
-pub(crate) fn deprecated_unittest_alias(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
-    let Expr::Attribute(ast::ExprAttribute { value, attr, .. }) = expr else {
-        return;
-    };
-    let Some(target) = DEPRECATED_ALIASES.get(attr.as_str()) else {
+pub(crate) fn deprecated_unittest_alias(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall { func, .. }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
+    let Expr::Attribute(ast::ExprAttribute { value, attr, range, .. }) = func.as_ref() else {
         return;
     };
     let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = value.as_ref() else {
@@ -61,19 +73,22 @@ pub(crate) fn deprecated_unittest_alias(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
     if id != "self" {
         return;
     }
+    let Some(target) = DEPRECATED_ALIASES.get(attr.as_str()) else {
+        return;
+    };
     let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(
         DeprecatedUnittestAlias {
             alias: attr.to_string(),
             target: (*target).to_string(),
         },
-        expr.range(),
+        *range,
     );
     if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
         #[allow(deprecated)]
         diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
             format!("self.{target}"),
-            expr.range(),
+            *range,
         )));
     }
-    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/f_strings.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+
 use ruff_text_size::TextRange;
 use rustc_hash::FxHashMap;
 use rustpython_format::{
     FieldName, FieldNamePart, FieldType, FormatPart, FormatString, FromTemplate,
 };
 use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Constant, Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
-use std::borrow::Cow;
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/mod.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pub(crate) use deprecated_import::{deprecated_import, DeprecatedImport};
 pub(crate) use deprecated_mock_import::{
     deprecated_mock_attribute, deprecated_mock_import, DeprecatedMockImport,
 };
-pub(crate) use deprecated_unittest_alias::{deprecated_unittest_alias, DeprecatedUnittestAlias};
+pub(crate) use deprecated_unittest_alias::DeprecatedUnittestAlias;
 pub(crate) use extraneous_parentheses::{extraneous_parentheses, ExtraneousParentheses};
 pub(crate) use f_strings::{f_strings, FString};
 pub(crate) use format_literals::{format_literals, FormatLiterals};
@@ -20,31 +20,29 @@ pub(crate) use lru_cache_with_maxsize_none::{
 pub(crate) use lru_cache_without_parameters::{
     lru_cache_without_parameters, LRUCacheWithoutParameters,
 };
-pub(crate) use native_literals::{native_literals, NativeLiterals};
-pub(crate) use open_alias::{open_alias, OpenAlias};
-pub(crate) use os_error_alias::{
-    os_error_alias_call, os_error_alias_handlers, os_error_alias_raise, OSErrorAlias,
-};
+pub(crate) use native_literals::NativeLiterals;
+pub(crate) use open_alias::OpenAlias;
+pub(crate) use os_error_alias::{os_error_alias_handlers, os_error_alias_raise, OSErrorAlias};
 pub(crate) use outdated_version_block::{outdated_version_block, OutdatedVersionBlock};
 pub(crate) use printf_string_formatting::{printf_string_formatting, PrintfStringFormatting};
 pub(crate) use quoted_annotation::{quoted_annotation, QuotedAnnotation};
-pub(crate) use redundant_open_modes::{redundant_open_modes, RedundantOpenModes};
-pub(crate) use replace_stdout_stderr::{replace_stdout_stderr, ReplaceStdoutStderr};
-pub(crate) use replace_universal_newlines::{replace_universal_newlines, ReplaceUniversalNewlines};
-pub(crate) use super_call_with_parameters::{super_call_with_parameters, SuperCallWithParameters};
-pub(crate) use type_of_primitive::{type_of_primitive, TypeOfPrimitive};
+pub(crate) use redundant_open_modes::RedundantOpenModes;
+pub(crate) use replace_stdout_stderr::ReplaceStdoutStderr;
+pub(crate) use replace_universal_newlines::ReplaceUniversalNewlines;
+pub(crate) use super_call_with_parameters::SuperCallWithParameters;
+pub(crate) use type_of_primitive::TypeOfPrimitive;
 pub(crate) use typing_text_str_alias::{typing_text_str_alias, TypingTextStrAlias};
 pub(crate) use unicode_kind_prefix::{unicode_kind_prefix, UnicodeKindPrefix};
 pub(crate) use unnecessary_builtin_import::{unnecessary_builtin_import, UnnecessaryBuiltinImport};
 pub(crate) use unnecessary_coding_comment::{unnecessary_coding_comment, UTF8EncodingDeclaration};
-pub(crate) use unnecessary_encode_utf8::{unnecessary_encode_utf8, UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8};
+pub(crate) use unnecessary_encode_utf8::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8;
 pub(crate) use unnecessary_future_import::{unnecessary_future_import, UnnecessaryFutureImport};
 pub(crate) use unpacked_list_comprehension::{
     unpacked_list_comprehension, UnpackedListComprehension,
 };
 pub(crate) use use_pep585_annotation::{use_pep585_annotation, NonPEP585Annotation};
 pub(crate) use use_pep604_annotation::{use_pep604_annotation, NonPEP604Annotation};
-pub(crate) use use_pep604_isinstance::{use_pep604_isinstance, NonPEP604Isinstance};
+pub(crate) use use_pep604_isinstance::NonPEP604Isinstance;
 pub(crate) use useless_metaclass_type::{useless_metaclass_type, UselessMetaclassType};
 pub(crate) use useless_object_inheritance::{useless_object_inheritance, UselessObjectInheritance};
 pub(crate) use yield_in_for_loop::{yield_in_for_loop, YieldInForLoop};

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/native_literals.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 use std::fmt;
 
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Constant, Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Constant, Expr, Ranged};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
-
 use ruff_python_ast::str::is_implicit_concatenation;
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)]
 pub(crate) enum LiteralType {
@@ -43,15 +43,30 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for NativeLiterals {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for NativeLiterals {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::NativeLiterals
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        native_literals(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// UP018
 pub(crate) fn native_literals(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    expr: &Expr,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
-    keywords: &[Keyword],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func,
+        args,
+        keywords,
+        range,
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
-    let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = func else { return; };
+    let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = func.as_ref() else {
+        return;
+    };
 
     if !keywords.is_empty() || args.len() > 1 {
         return;
@@ -63,7 +78,7 @@ pub(crate) fn native_literals(
                 LiteralType::Str
             } else {
                 LiteralType::Bytes
-            }}, expr.range());
+            }}, *range);
             if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
                 let constant = if id == "bytes" {
                     Constant::Bytes(vec![])
@@ -74,10 +89,10 @@ pub(crate) fn native_literals(
                 #[allow(deprecated)]
                 diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
                     content,
-                    expr.range(),
+                    *range,
                 )));
             }
-            checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+            diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
             return;
         };
 
@@ -121,15 +136,15 @@ pub(crate) fn native_literals(
                     LiteralType::Bytes
                 },
             },
-            expr.range(),
+            *range,
         );
         if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
             #[allow(deprecated)]
             diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
                 arg_code.to_string(),
-                expr.range(),
+                *range,
             )));
         }
-        checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+        diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
     }
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/open_alias.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{Expr, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Ranged};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AutofixKind, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix, Violation};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[violation]
 pub struct OpenAlias;
@@ -22,25 +23,39 @@ impl Violation for OpenAlias {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for OpenAlias {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::OpenAlias
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, context: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        open_alias(diagnostics, context, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// UP020
-pub(crate) fn open_alias(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr) {
-    if checker
+pub(crate) fn open_alias(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    context: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall { func, range, .. }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
+    if context
         .ctx
         .resolve_call_path(func)
         .map_or(false, |call_path| call_path.as_slice() == ["io", "open"])
     {
-        let fixable = checker
+        let fixable = context
             .ctx
             .find_binding("open")
             .map_or(true, |binding| binding.kind.is_builtin());
-        let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(OpenAlias, expr.range());
-        if fixable && checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
+        let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(OpenAlias, *range);
+        if fixable && context.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
             #[allow(deprecated)]
             diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
                 "open".to_string(),
                 func.range(),
             )));
         }
-        checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+        diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
     }
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/os_error_alias.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Excepthandler, Expr, ExprContext, Ranged};
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_ast::call_path::compose_call_path;
-
 use ruff_python_semantic::context::Context;
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::{Checker, RuleContext};
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[violation]
 pub struct OSErrorAlias {
@@ -30,6 +30,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for OSErrorAlias {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for OSErrorAlias {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::OSErrorAlias
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        os_error_alias_call(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 const ALIASES: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
     ("", "EnvironmentError"),
     ("", "IOError"),
@@ -73,6 +83,24 @@ fn atom_diagnostic(checker: &mut Checker, target: &Expr) {
     checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
 }
 
+/// Create a [`Diagnostic`] for a single target, like an [`Expr::Name`].
+fn immutable_atom_diagnostic(checker: &RuleContext, target: &Expr) -> Diagnostic {
+    let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(
+        OSErrorAlias {
+            name: compose_call_path(target),
+        },
+        target.range(),
+    );
+    if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
+        diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
+            "OSError".to_string(),
+            target.range(),
+        )));
+    }
+    diagnostic
+}
+
 /// Create a [`Diagnostic`] for a tuple of expressions.
 fn tuple_diagnostic(checker: &mut Checker, target: &Expr, aliases: &[&Expr]) {
     let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(OSErrorAlias { name: None }, target.range());
@@ -156,9 +184,13 @@ pub(crate) fn os_error_alias_handlers(checker: &mut Checker, handlers: &[Excepth
 }
 
 /// UP024
-pub(crate) fn os_error_alias_call(checker: &mut Checker, func: &Expr) {
-    if is_alias(&checker.ctx, func) {
-        atom_diagnostic(checker, func);
+pub(crate) fn os_error_alias_call(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall { func, .. }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
+    if is_alias(checker.ctx, func) {
+        diagnostics.push(immutable_atom_diagnostic(checker, func));
     }
 }
 

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/printf_string_formatting.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-use ruff_text_size::TextRange;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
+use ruff_text_size::TextRange;
 use rustpython_format::cformat::{
     CConversionFlags, CFormatPart, CFormatPrecision, CFormatQuantity, CFormatString,
 };

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/quoted_annotation.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+use ruff_text_size::TextRange;
+
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
-use ruff_text_size::TextRange;
 
 use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
 use crate::registry::Rule;

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/redundant_open_modes.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_ast::helpers::find_keyword;
 use ruff_python_ast::source_code::Locator;
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
 use crate::registry::Rule;
 
 #[violation]
@@ -41,6 +42,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for RedundantOpenModes {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for RedundantOpenModes {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::RedundantOpenModes
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        redundant_open_modes(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 const OPEN_FUNC_NAME: &str = "open";
 const MODE_KEYWORD_ARGUMENT: &str = "mode";
 
@@ -86,24 +97,24 @@ impl OpenMode {
     }
 }
 
-fn match_open(expr: &Expr) -> (Option<&Expr>, Vec<Keyword>) {
-    if let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall {
+fn match_open(
+    ast::ExprCall {
         func,
         args,
         keywords,
         range: _,
-    }) = expr
-    {
-        if matches!(func.as_ref(), Expr::Name(ast::ExprName {id, ..}) if id == OPEN_FUNC_NAME) {
-            // Return the "open mode" parameter and keywords.
-            return (args.get(1), keywords.clone());
-        }
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) -> (Option<&Expr>, Vec<Keyword>) {
+    if matches!(func.as_ref(), Expr::Name(ast::ExprName {id, ..}) if id == OPEN_FUNC_NAME) {
+        // Return the "open mode" parameter and keywords.
+        (args.get(1), keywords.clone())
+    } else {
+        (None, vec![])
     }
-    (None, vec![])
 }
 
 fn create_check(
-    expr: &Expr,
+    expr: &ast::ExprCall,
     mode_param: &Expr,
     replacement_value: Option<&str>,
     locator: &Locator,
@@ -130,7 +141,11 @@ fn create_check(
     diagnostic
 }
 
-fn create_remove_param_fix(locator: &Locator, expr: &Expr, mode_param: &Expr) -> Result<Edit> {
+fn create_remove_param_fix(
+    locator: &Locator,
+    expr: &ast::ExprCall,
+    mode_param: &Expr,
+) -> Result<Edit> {
     let content = locator.slice(expr.range());
     // Find the last comma before mode_param and create a deletion fix
     // starting from the comma and ending after mode_param.
@@ -171,7 +186,11 @@ fn create_remove_param_fix(locator: &Locator, expr: &Expr, mode_param: &Expr) ->
 }
 
 /// UP015
-pub(crate) fn redundant_open_modes(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
+pub(crate) fn redundant_open_modes(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    expr: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
     // If `open` has been rebound, skip this check entirely.
     if !checker.ctx.is_builtin(OPEN_FUNC_NAME) {
         return;
@@ -185,7 +204,7 @@ pub(crate) fn redundant_open_modes(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
             }) = &keyword.value
             {
                 if let Ok(mode) = OpenMode::from_str(mode_param_value.as_str()) {
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(create_check(
+                    diagnostics.push(create_check(
                         expr,
                         &keyword.value,
                         mode.replacement_value(),
@@ -202,7 +221,7 @@ pub(crate) fn redundant_open_modes(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
         }) = &mode_param
         {
             if let Ok(mode) = OpenMode::from_str(mode_param_value.as_str()) {
-                checker.diagnostics.push(create_check(
+                diagnostics.push(create_check(
                     expr,
                     mode_param,
                     mode.replacement_value(),

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/replace_stdout_stderr.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ use ruff_python_ast::helpers::find_keyword;
 use ruff_python_ast::source_code::Locator;
 
 use crate::autofix::actions::remove_argument;
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[violation]
 pub struct ReplaceStdoutStderr;
@@ -24,6 +25,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for ReplaceStdoutStderr {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for ReplaceStdoutStderr {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::ReplaceStdoutStderr
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        replace_stdout_stderr(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// Generate a [`Edit`] for a `stdout` and `stderr` [`Keyword`] pair.
 fn generate_fix(
     locator: &Locator,
@@ -54,11 +65,14 @@ fn generate_fix(
 
 /// UP022
 pub(crate) fn replace_stdout_stderr(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    expr: &Expr,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
-    keywords: &[Keyword],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func,
+        args,
+        keywords,
+        range,
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
     if checker
         .ctx
@@ -92,12 +106,12 @@ pub(crate) fn replace_stdout_stderr(
             return;
         }
 
-        let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(ReplaceStdoutStderr, expr.range());
+        let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(ReplaceStdoutStderr, *range);
         if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
             diagnostic.try_set_fix(|| {
                 generate_fix(checker.locator, func, args, keywords, stdout, stderr)
             });
         }
-        checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+        diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
     }
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/replace_universal_newlines.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 use ruff_text_size::{TextLen, TextRange};
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{Expr, Keyword, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Ranged};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_ast::helpers::find_keyword;
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 #[violation]
 pub struct ReplaceUniversalNewlines;
@@ -22,8 +23,22 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for ReplaceUniversalNewlines {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for ReplaceUniversalNewlines {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::ReplaceUniversalNewlines
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        replace_universal_newlines(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// UP021
-pub(crate) fn replace_universal_newlines(checker: &mut Checker, func: &Expr, kwargs: &[Keyword]) {
+pub(crate) fn replace_universal_newlines(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall { func, keywords, .. }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
     if checker
         .ctx
         .resolve_call_path(func)
@@ -31,8 +46,8 @@ pub(crate) fn replace_universal_newlines(checker: &mut Checker, func: &Expr, kwa
             call_path.as_slice() == ["subprocess", "run"]
         })
     {
-        let Some(kwarg) = find_keyword(kwargs, "universal_newlines") else { return; };
-        let range = TextRange::at(kwarg.start(), "universal_newlines".text_len());
+        let Some(keyword) = find_keyword(keywords, "universal_newlines") else { return; };
+        let range = TextRange::at(keyword.start(), "universal_newlines".text_len());
         let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(ReplaceUniversalNewlines, range);
         if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
             #[allow(deprecated)]
@@ -41,6 +56,6 @@ pub(crate) fn replace_universal_newlines(checker: &mut Checker, func: &Expr, kwa
                 range,
             )));
         }
-        checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+        diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
     }
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/super_call_with_parameters.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Arg, Expr, Ranged, Stmt};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Arg, Expr, Stmt};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_semantic::scope::ScopeKind;
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 use crate::rules::pyupgrade::fixes;
 
 #[violation]
@@ -22,6 +23,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for SuperCallWithParameters {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for SuperCallWithParameters {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::SuperCallWithParameters
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        super_call_with_parameters(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// Returns `true` if a call is an argumented `super` invocation.
 fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> bool {
     if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = func {
@@ -33,10 +44,11 @@ fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> bool {
 
 /// UP008
 pub(crate) fn super_call_with_parameters(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    expr: &Expr,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func, args, range, ..
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
     // Only bother going through the super check at all if we're in a `super` call.
     // (We check this in `super_args` too, so this is just an optimization.)
@@ -55,7 +67,7 @@ pub(crate) fn super_call_with_parameters(
     // For a `super` invocation to be unnecessary, the first argument needs to match
     // the enclosing class, and the second argument needs to match the first
     // argument to the enclosing function.
-    let [first_arg, second_arg] = args else {
+    let [first_arg, second_arg] = args.as_slice() else {
         return;
     };
 
@@ -97,12 +109,13 @@ pub(crate) fn super_call_with_parameters(
         return;
     }
 
-    let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(SuperCallWithParameters, expr.range());
+    let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(SuperCallWithParameters, *range);
     if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
-        if let Some(edit) = fixes::remove_super_arguments(checker.locator, checker.stylist, expr) {
+        if let Some(edit) = fixes::remove_super_arguments(*range, checker.locator, checker.stylist)
+        {
             #[allow(deprecated)]
             diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(edit));
         }
     }
-    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/type_of_primitive.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Ranged};
+use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
 
 use super::super::types::Primitive;
 
@@ -26,8 +27,24 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for TypeOfPrimitive {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for TypeOfPrimitive {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::TypeOfPrimitive
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        type_of_primitive(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 /// UP003
-pub(crate) fn type_of_primitive(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) {
+pub(crate) fn type_of_primitive(
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func, args, range, ..
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
+) {
     if args.len() != 1 {
         return;
     }
@@ -44,13 +61,13 @@ pub(crate) fn type_of_primitive(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr,
     let Some(primitive) = Primitive::from_constant(value) else {
         return;
     };
-    let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(TypeOfPrimitive { primitive }, expr.range());
+    let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(TypeOfPrimitive { primitive }, *range);
     if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
         #[allow(deprecated)]
         diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
             primitive.builtin(),
-            expr.range(),
+            *range,
         )));
     }
-    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
 }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/unnecessary_encode_utf8.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_ast::source_code::Locator;
 
 use crate::autofix::actions::remove_argument;
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
 use crate::registry::Rule;
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -35,6 +36,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        unnecessary_encode_utf8(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 const UTF8_LITERALS: &[&str] = &["utf-8", "utf8", "utf_8", "u8", "utf", "cp65001"];
 
 fn match_encoded_variable(func: &Expr) -> Option<&Expr> {
@@ -75,8 +86,8 @@ enum EncodingArg<'a> {
 
 /// Return the encoding argument to an `encode` call, if it can be determined to be a
 /// UTF-8-equivalent encoding.
-fn match_encoding_arg<'a>(args: &'a [Expr], kwargs: &'a [Keyword]) -> Option<EncodingArg<'a>> {
-    match (args.len(), kwargs.len()) {
+fn match_encoding_arg<'a>(args: &'a [Expr], keywords: &'a [Keyword]) -> Option<EncodingArg<'a>> {
+    match (args.len(), keywords.len()) {
         // Ex `"".encode()`
         (0, 0) => return Some(EncodingArg::Empty),
         // Ex `"".encode(encoding)`
@@ -88,7 +99,7 @@ fn match_encoding_arg<'a>(args: &'a [Expr], kwargs: &'a [Keyword]) -> Option<Enc
         }
         // Ex `"".encode(kwarg=kwarg)`
         (0, 1) => {
-            let kwarg = &kwargs[0];
+            let kwarg = &keywords[0];
             if kwarg.arg.as_ref().map_or(false, |arg| arg == "encoding") {
                 if is_utf8_encoding_arg(&kwarg.value) {
                     return Some(EncodingArg::Keyword(kwarg));
@@ -102,12 +113,12 @@ fn match_encoding_arg<'a>(args: &'a [Expr], kwargs: &'a [Keyword]) -> Option<Enc
 }
 
 /// Return a [`Fix`] replacing the call to encode with a byte string.
-fn replace_with_bytes_literal(locator: &Locator, expr: &Expr) -> Fix {
+fn replace_with_bytes_literal(locator: &Locator, range: TextRange) -> Fix {
     // Build up a replacement string by prefixing all string tokens with `b`.
-    let contents = locator.slice(expr.range());
+    let contents = locator.slice(range);
     let mut replacement = String::with_capacity(contents.len() + 1);
-    let mut prev = expr.start();
-    for (tok, range) in lexer::lex_starts_at(contents, Mode::Module, expr.start()).flatten() {
+    let mut prev = range.start();
+    for (tok, range) in lexer::lex_starts_at(contents, Mode::Module, range.start()).flatten() {
         match tok {
             Tok::Dot => break,
             Tok::String { .. } => {
@@ -125,16 +136,19 @@ fn replace_with_bytes_literal(locator: &Locator, expr: &Expr) -> Fix {
         prev = range.end();
     }
     #[allow(deprecated)]
-    Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(replacement, expr.range()))
+    Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(replacement, range))
 }
 
 /// UP012
 pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    expr: &Expr,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
-    kwargs: &[Keyword],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func,
+        args,
+        range,
+        keywords,
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
     let Some(variable) = match_encoded_variable(func) else {
         return;
@@ -145,19 +159,19 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
             ..
         }) => {
             // Ex) `"str".encode()`, `"str".encode("utf-8")`
-            if let Some(encoding_arg) = match_encoding_arg(args, kwargs) {
+            if let Some(encoding_arg) = match_encoding_arg(args, keywords) {
                 if literal.is_ascii() {
                     // Ex) Convert `"foo".encode()` to `b"foo"`.
                     let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(
                         UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
                             reason: Reason::BytesLiteral,
                         },
-                        expr.range(),
+                        *range,
                     );
                     if checker.patch(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
-                        diagnostic.set_fix(replace_with_bytes_literal(checker.locator, expr));
+                        diagnostic.set_fix(replace_with_bytes_literal(checker.locator, *range));
                     }
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 } else if let EncodingArg::Keyword(kwarg) = encoding_arg {
                     // Ex) Convert `"unicode text©".encode(encoding="utf-8")` to
                     // `"unicode text©".encode()`.
@@ -165,7 +179,7 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                         UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
                             reason: Reason::DefaultArgument,
                         },
-                        expr.range(),
+                        *range,
                     );
                     if checker.patch(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
                         #[allow(deprecated)]
@@ -175,19 +189,19 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                                 func.start(),
                                 kwarg.range(),
                                 args,
-                                kwargs,
+                                keywords,
                                 false,
                             )
                         });
                     }
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 } else if let EncodingArg::Positional(arg) = encoding_arg {
                     // Ex) Convert `"unicode text©".encode("utf-8")` to `"unicode text©".encode()`.
                     let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(
                         UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
                             reason: Reason::DefaultArgument,
                         },
-                        expr.range(),
+                        *range,
                     );
                     if checker.patch(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
                         #[allow(deprecated)]
@@ -197,18 +211,18 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                                 func.start(),
                                 arg.range(),
                                 args,
-                                kwargs,
+                                keywords,
                                 false,
                             )
                         });
                     }
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 }
             }
         }
         // Ex) `f"foo{bar}".encode("utf-8")`
         Expr::JoinedStr(_) => {
-            if let Some(encoding_arg) = match_encoding_arg(args, kwargs) {
+            if let Some(encoding_arg) = match_encoding_arg(args, keywords) {
                 if let EncodingArg::Keyword(kwarg) = encoding_arg {
                     // Ex) Convert `f"unicode text©".encode(encoding="utf-8")` to
                     // `f"unicode text©".encode()`.
@@ -216,7 +230,7 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                         UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
                             reason: Reason::DefaultArgument,
                         },
-                        expr.range(),
+                        *range,
                     );
                     if checker.patch(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
                         #[allow(deprecated)]
@@ -226,19 +240,19 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                                 func.start(),
                                 kwarg.range(),
                                 args,
-                                kwargs,
+                                keywords,
                                 false,
                             )
                         });
                     }
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 } else if let EncodingArg::Positional(arg) = encoding_arg {
                     // Ex) Convert `f"unicode text©".encode("utf-8")` to `f"unicode text©".encode()`.
                     let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(
                         UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8 {
                             reason: Reason::DefaultArgument,
                         },
-                        expr.range(),
+                        *range,
                     );
                     if checker.patch(Rule::UnnecessaryEncodeUTF8) {
                         #[allow(deprecated)]
@@ -248,12 +262,12 @@ pub(crate) fn unnecessary_encode_utf8(
                                 func.start(),
                                 arg.range(),
                                 args,
-                                kwargs,
+                                keywords,
                                 false,
                             )
                         });
                     }
-                    checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                    diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 }
             }
         }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/use_pep604_isinstance.rs

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ use rustpython_parser::ast::{self, Expr, Operator, Ranged};
 use ruff_diagnostics::{AlwaysAutofixableViolation, Diagnostic, Edit, Fix};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 
-use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
-use crate::registry::AsRule;
+use crate::checkers::ast::traits::Analyzer;
+use crate::checkers::ast::RuleContext;
+use crate::registry::{AsRule, Rule};
+use crate::settings::types::PythonVersion;
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)]
 pub(crate) enum CallKind {
@@ -50,6 +52,16 @@ impl AlwaysAutofixableViolation for NonPEP604Isinstance {
     }
 }
 
+impl Analyzer<ast::ExprCall> for NonPEP604Isinstance {
+    fn rule() -> Rule {
+        Rule::NonPEP604Isinstance
+    }
+
+    fn run(diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>, checker: &RuleContext, node: &ast::ExprCall) {
+        use_pep604_isinstance(diagnostics, checker, node);
+    }
+}
+
 fn union(elts: &[Expr]) -> Expr {
     if elts.len() == 1 {
         elts[0].clone()
@@ -65,12 +77,17 @@ fn union(elts: &[Expr]) -> Expr {
 
 /// UP038
 pub(crate) fn use_pep604_isinstance(
-    checker: &mut Checker,
-    expr: &Expr,
-    func: &Expr,
-    args: &[Expr],
+    diagnostics: &mut Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    checker: &RuleContext,
+    ast::ExprCall {
+        func, args, range, ..
+    }: &ast::ExprCall,
 ) {
-    if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = func {
+    if checker.settings.target_version < PythonVersion::Py310 {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = func.as_ref() {
         let Some(kind) = CallKind::from_name(id) else {
             return;
         };
@@ -89,7 +106,7 @@ pub(crate) fn use_pep604_isinstance(
                     return;
                 }
 
-                let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(NonPEP604Isinstance { kind }, expr.range());
+                let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(NonPEP604Isinstance { kind }, *range);
                 if checker.patch(diagnostic.kind.rule()) {
                     #[allow(deprecated)]
                     diagnostic.set_fix(Fix::unspecified(Edit::range_replacement(
@@ -97,7 +114,7 @@ pub(crate) fn use_pep604_isinstance(
                         types.range(),
                     )));
                 }
-                checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
+                diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
             }
         }
     }