[ty] Show dynamic NamedTuple defaults in signature (#22574 )

## Summary Follow-up from https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22327.
[ty] Fix flaky completions (#22576 )
2026-01-14 18:28:23 +00:00 · 2026-01-14 19:23:38 +01:00 · 2026-01-14 18:22:27 +00:00 · 2026-01-14 17:41:04 +00:00 · 2026-01-14 14:23:07 +00:00 · 2026-01-14 09:14:59 -05:00
34 changed files with 3019 additions and 491 deletions
--- a/crates/ty/docs/rules.md
+++ b/crates/ty/docs/rules.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.20">0.0.1-alpha.20</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20ambiguous-protocol-member" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L542" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L543" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def test(): -> "int":
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20call-non-callable" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L141" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L142" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Calling a non-callable object will raise a `TypeError` at runtime.
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.7">0.0.7</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20call-top-callable" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L159" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L160" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def f(x: object):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20conflicting-argument-forms" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L210" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L211" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ f(int)  # error
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20conflicting-declarations" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L236" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L237" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ a = 1
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20conflicting-metaclass" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L261" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L262" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class C(A, B): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20cyclic-class-definition" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L287" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L288" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ class B(A): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/1.0.0">1.0.0</a>) ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20cyclic-type-alias-definition" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L313" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L314" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ type B = A
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.16">0.0.1-alpha.16</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20deprecated" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L357" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L358" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ old_func()  # emits [deprecated] diagnostic
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'ignore'."><code>ignore</code></a> ·
 Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a>) ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20division-by-zero" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L335" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L336" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ false positives it can produce.
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20duplicate-base" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L378" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L379" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ class B(A, A): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.12">0.0.1-alpha.12</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20duplicate-kw-only" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L399" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L400" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ def test(): -> "Literal[5]":
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20inconsistent-mro" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L625" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L626" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ class C(A, B): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20index-out-of-bounds" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L649" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L650" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -579,13 +579,47 @@ t = (0, 1, 2)
 t[3]  # IndexError: tuple index out of range
 ```

+## `ineffective-final`
+
+<small>
+Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
+Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.33">0.0.1-alpha.33</a>) ·
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20ineffective-final" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1793" target="_blank">View source</a>
+</small>
+
+
+**What it does**
+
+Checks for calls to `final()` that type checkers cannot interpret.
+
+**Why is this bad?**
+
+The `final()` function is designed to be used as a decorator. When called directly
+as a function (e.g., `final(type(...))`), type checkers will not understand the
+application of `final` and will not prevent subclassing.
+
+**Example**
+
+
+```python
+from typing import final
+
+# Incorrect: type checkers will not prevent subclassing
+MyClass = final(type("MyClass", (), {}))
+
+# Correct: use `final` as a decorator
+@final
+class MyClass: ...
+```
+
 ## `instance-layout-conflict`

 <small>
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.12">0.0.1-alpha.12</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20instance-layout-conflict" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L431" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L432" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -674,7 +708,7 @@ an atypical memory layout.
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-argument-type" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L703" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L704" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -701,7 +735,7 @@ func("foo")  # error: [invalid-argument-type]
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-assignment" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L743" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L744" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -729,7 +763,7 @@ a: int = ''
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-attribute-access" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2122" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2151" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -763,7 +797,7 @@ C.instance_var = 3  # error: Cannot assign to instance variable
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.19">0.0.1-alpha.19</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-await" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L765" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L766" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -799,7 +833,7 @@ asyncio.run(main())
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-base" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L795" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L796" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -823,7 +857,7 @@ class A(42): ...  # error: [invalid-base]
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-context-manager" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L880" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L881" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -850,7 +884,7 @@ with 1:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-declaration" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L901" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L902" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -879,7 +913,7 @@ a: str
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-exception-caught" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L924" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L925" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -923,7 +957,7 @@ except ZeroDivisionError:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.28">0.0.1-alpha.28</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-explicit-override" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1792" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1821" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -965,7 +999,7 @@ class D(A):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.35">0.0.1-alpha.35</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-frozen-dataclass-subclass" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2373" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2402" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1009,7 +1043,7 @@ class NonFrozenChild(FrozenBase):  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-generic-class" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1002" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1003" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1047,7 +1081,7 @@ class D(Generic[U, T]): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.12">0.0.12</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-generic-enum" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L960" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L961" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1126,7 +1160,7 @@ a = 20 / 0  # type: ignore
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.17">0.0.1-alpha.17</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-key" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L670" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L671" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1165,7 +1199,7 @@ carol = Person(name="Carol", age=25)  # typo!
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-legacy-type-variable" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1033" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1034" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1200,7 +1234,7 @@ def f(t: TypeVar("U")): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-metaclass" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1130" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1131" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1234,7 +1268,7 @@ class B(metaclass=f): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.20">0.0.1-alpha.20</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-method-override" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2275" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2304" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1341,7 +1375,7 @@ Correct use of `@override` is enforced by ty's `invalid-explicit-override` rule.
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.19">0.0.1-alpha.19</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-named-tuple" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L577" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L578" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1395,7 +1429,7 @@ AttributeError: Cannot overwrite NamedTuple attribute _asdict
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/1.0.0">1.0.0</a>) ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-newtype" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1106" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1107" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1425,7 +1459,7 @@ Baz = NewType("Baz", int | str)  # error: invalid base for `typing.NewType`
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-overload" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1157" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1158" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1475,7 +1509,7 @@ def foo(x: int) -> int: ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-parameter-default" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1256" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1257" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1501,7 +1535,7 @@ def f(a: int = ''): ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-paramspec" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1061" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1062" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1532,7 +1566,7 @@ P2 = ParamSpec("S2")  # error: ParamSpec name must match the variable it's assig
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-protocol" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L513" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L514" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1566,7 +1600,7 @@ TypeError: Protocols can only inherit from other protocols, got <class 'int'>
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-raise" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1276" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1277" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1615,7 +1649,7 @@ def g():
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-return-type" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L724" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L725" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1640,7 +1674,7 @@ def func() -> int:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-super-argument" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1319" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1320" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1736,7 +1770,7 @@ class C: ...
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.10">0.0.10</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-total-ordering" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2411" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2440" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1782,7 +1816,7 @@ class MyClass:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.6">0.0.1-alpha.6</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-alias-type" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1085" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1086" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1809,7 +1843,7 @@ NewAlias = TypeAliasType(get_name(), int)        # error: TypeAliasType name mus
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.29">0.0.1-alpha.29</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-arguments" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1551" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1552" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1856,7 +1890,7 @@ Bar[int]  # error: too few arguments
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-checking-constant" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1358" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1359" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1886,7 +1920,7 @@ TYPE_CHECKING = ''
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-form" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1382" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1383" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1916,7 +1950,7 @@ b: Annotated[int]  # `Annotated` expects at least two arguments
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.11">0.0.1-alpha.11</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-guard-call" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1434" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1435" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1950,7 +1984,7 @@ f(10)  # Error
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.11">0.0.1-alpha.11</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-guard-definition" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1406" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1407" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -1984,7 +2018,7 @@ class C:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-type-variable-constraints" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1462" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1463" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2019,7 +2053,7 @@ T = TypeVar('T', bound=str)  # valid bound TypeVar
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.9">0.0.9</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20invalid-typed-dict-statement" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2250" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2279" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2050,7 +2084,7 @@ class Foo(TypedDict):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20missing-argument" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1491" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1492" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2075,7 +2109,7 @@ func()  # TypeError: func() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.20">0.0.1-alpha.20</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20missing-typed-dict-key" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2223" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2252" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2108,7 +2142,7 @@ alice["age"]  # KeyError
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20no-matching-overload" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1510" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1511" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2137,7 +2171,7 @@ func("string")  # error: [no-matching-overload]
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20not-iterable" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1592" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1593" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2163,7 +2197,7 @@ for i in 34:  # TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20not-subscriptable" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1533" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1534" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2187,7 +2221,7 @@ Subscripting an object that does not support it will raise a `TypeError` at runt
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.29">0.0.1-alpha.29</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20override-of-final-method" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1765" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1766" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2220,7 +2254,7 @@ class B(A):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20parameter-already-assigned" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1643" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1644" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2247,7 +2281,7 @@ f(1, x=2)  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.22">0.0.1-alpha.22</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20positional-only-parameter-as-kwarg" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1976" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2005" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2274,7 +2308,7 @@ f(x=1)  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.22">0.0.1-alpha.22</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20possibly-missing-attribute" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1664" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1665" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2302,7 +2336,7 @@ A.c  # AttributeError: type object 'A' has no attribute 'c'
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.22">0.0.1-alpha.22</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20possibly-missing-implicit-call" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L184" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L185" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2334,7 +2368,7 @@ A()[0]  # TypeError: 'A' object is not subscriptable
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'ignore'."><code>ignore</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.22">0.0.1-alpha.22</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20possibly-missing-import" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1686" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1687" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2371,7 +2405,7 @@ from module import a  # ImportError: cannot import name 'a' from 'module'
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'ignore'."><code>ignore</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20possibly-unresolved-reference" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1716" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1717" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2435,7 +2469,7 @@ def test(): -> "int":
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20redundant-cast" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2150" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2179" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2462,7 +2496,7 @@ cast(int, f())  # Redundant
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20static-assert-error" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2098" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2127" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2492,7 +2526,7 @@ static_assert(int(2.0 * 3.0) == 6)  # error: does not have a statically known tr
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20subclass-of-final-class" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1742" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1743" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2521,7 +2555,7 @@ class B(A): ...  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.30">0.0.1-alpha.30</a>) ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20super-call-in-named-tuple-method" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1910" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1939" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2555,7 +2589,7 @@ class F(NamedTuple):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20too-many-positional-arguments" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1850" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1879" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2582,7 +2616,7 @@ f("foo")  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20type-assertion-failure" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1828" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1857" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2610,7 +2644,7 @@ def _(x: int):
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unavailable-implicit-super-arguments" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1871" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1900" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2656,7 +2690,7 @@ class A:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20undefined-reveal" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1937" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1966" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2680,7 +2714,7 @@ reveal_type(1)  # NameError: name 'reveal_type' is not defined
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unknown-argument" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1955" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1984" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2707,7 +2741,7 @@ f(x=1, y=2)  # Error raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unresolved-attribute" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1997" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2026" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2735,7 +2769,7 @@ A().foo  # AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'foo'
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.15">0.0.1-alpha.15</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unresolved-global" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2171" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2200" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2793,7 +2827,7 @@ def g():
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unresolved-import" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2019" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2048" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2818,7 +2852,7 @@ import foo  # ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'foo'
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unresolved-reference" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2038" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2067" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2843,7 +2877,7 @@ print(x)  # NameError: name 'x' is not defined
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.7">0.0.1-alpha.7</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unsupported-base" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L813" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L814" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2882,7 +2916,7 @@ class D(C): ...  # error: [unsupported-base]
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unsupported-bool-conversion" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1612" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1613" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2919,7 +2953,7 @@ b1 < b2 < b1  # exception raised here
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'ignore'."><code>ignore</code></a> ·
 Preview (since <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/1.0.0">1.0.0</a>) ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unsupported-dynamic-base" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L846" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L847" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -2960,7 +2994,7 @@ def factory(base: type[Base]) -> type:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20unsupported-operator" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2057" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2086" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -3024,7 +3058,7 @@ to `false` to prevent this rule from reporting unused `type: ignore` comments.
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'warn'."><code>warn</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.22">0.0.1-alpha.22</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20useless-overload-body" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1200" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L1201" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


@@ -3087,7 +3121,7 @@ def foo(x: int | str) -> int | str:
 Default level: <a href="../../rules#rule-levels" title="This lint has a default level of 'error'."><code>error</code></a> ·
 Added in <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/releases/tag/0.0.1-alpha.1">0.0.1-alpha.1</a> ·
 <a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20is%3Aopen%20zero-stepsize-in-slice" target="_blank">Related issues</a> ·
-<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2079" target="_blank">View source</a>
+<a href="https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/main/crates%2Fty_python_semantic%2Fsrc%2Ftypes%2Fdiagnostic.rs#L2108" target="_blank">View source</a>
 </small>


--- a/crates/ty_ide/src/completion.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_ide/src/completion.rs
@@ -2585,7 +2585,7 @@ type<CURSOR>

        assert_snapshot!(
            test.type_signatures().skip_auto_import().build().snapshot(),
-            @r"
+            @"
        type :: <class 'type'>
        TypeError :: <class 'TypeError'>
        ",
@@ -4025,7 +4025,7 @@ quux.<CURSOR>
        __module__ :: str
        __mul__ :: bound method Quux.__mul__(value: SupportsIndex, /) -> tuple[int | str, ...]
        __ne__ :: bound method Quux.__ne__(value: object, /) -> bool
-        __new__ :: (x: int, y: str) -> None
+        __new__ :: (x: int, y: str) -> Quux
        __orig_bases__ :: tuple[Any, ...]
        __reduce__ :: bound method Quux.__reduce__() -> str | tuple[Any, ...]
        __reduce_ex__ :: bound method Quux.__reduce_ex__(protocol: SupportsIndex, /) -> str | tuple[Any, ...]
@@ -8009,7 +8009,7 @@ my_list[0].remove<CURSOR>
        );
        assert_snapshot!(
            builder.build().snapshot(),
-            @r"
+            @"
        removeprefix
        removesuffix
        ",
@@ -8030,7 +8030,7 @@ def f(x: Any | str):
        );
        assert_snapshot!(
            builder.build().snapshot(),
-            @r"
+            @"
        removeprefix
        removesuffix
        ",
@@ -8052,7 +8052,7 @@ def f(x: Intersection[int, Any] | str):
        );
        assert_snapshot!(
            builder.build().snapshot(),
-            @r"
+            @"
        removeprefix
        removesuffix
        ",
--- a/crates/ty_ide/src/docstring.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_ide/src/docstring.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 use regex::Regex;
 use ruff_python_trivia::{PythonWhitespace, leading_indentation};
 use ruff_source_file::UniversalNewlines;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::LazyLock;

@@ -349,16 +350,37 @@ fn render_markdown(docstring: &str) -> String {
                    | "versionchanged" | "version-changed" | "version-deprecated" | "deprecated"
                    | "version-removed" | "versionremoved",
                ) => {
+                    // Map version directives to human-readable phrases (matching Sphinx output)
+                    let pretty_directive = match directive.unwrap() {
+                        "versionadded" | "version-added" => Cow::Borrowed("Added in version"),
+                        "versionchanged" | "version-changed" => Cow::Borrowed("Changed in version"),
+                        "deprecated" | "version-deprecated" => {
+                            Cow::Borrowed("Deprecated since version")
+                        }
+                        "versionremoved" | "version-removed" => Cow::Borrowed("Removed in version"),
+                        other => Cow::Owned(
+                            other
+                                .char_indices()
+                                .map(|(index, c)| {
+                                    if index == 0 {
+                                        c.to_ascii_uppercase()
+                                    } else {
+                                        c
+                                    }
+                                })
+                                .collect(),
+                        ),
+                    };
+
                    // Render the argument of things like `.. version-added:: 4.0`
                    let suffix = if let Some(lang) = lang {
-                        format!(" *{lang}*")
+                        format!(" {lang}")
                    } else {
                        String::new()
                    };
                    // We prepend without_directive here out of caution for preserving input.
                    // This is probably gibberish/invalid syntax? But it's a no-op in normal cases.
-                    temp_owned_line =
-                        format!("**{without_directive}{}:**{suffix}", directive.unwrap());
+                    temp_owned_line = format!("**{without_directive}{pretty_directive}{suffix}:**");

                    line = temp_owned_line.as_str();
                    None
@@ -1076,7 +1098,7 @@ mod tests {
        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r#"
        The thing you need to understand is that computers are hard.  
          
-        **warning:**  
+        **Warning:**  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Now listen here buckaroo you might have seen me say computers are hard,  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and though "yeah I know computers are hard but NO you DON'T KNOW.  
          
@@ -1115,12 +1137,12 @@ mod tests {
        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        Some much-updated docs  
          
-        **version-added:** *3.0*  
+        **Added in version 3.0:**  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Function added  
          
-        **version-changed:** *4.0*  
+        **Changed in version 4.0:**  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The `spam` argument was added  
-        **version-changed:** *4.1*  
+        **Changed in version 4.1:**  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The `spam` argument is considered evil now.  
          
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You really shouldnt use it  
@@ -1141,7 +1163,7 @@ mod tests {
        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
-        **wow this is some changes deprecated:** *1.2.3*  
+        **wow this is some changes Deprecated since version 1.2.3:**  
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;x = 2
        ");
    }
@@ -1151,7 +1173,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_ps1_contents() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
        ```python
        >>> thing.do_thing()
        wow it did the thing
@@ -1162,7 +1184,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ```python
@@ -1179,7 +1201,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_underscore_contents_tick() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
        `````python
        x_y = thing_do();
        ``` # this should't close the fence!
@@ -1189,7 +1211,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        `````python
@@ -1205,7 +1227,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_underscore_contents_tilde() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
        ~~~~~python
        x_y = thing_do();
        ~~~ # this should't close the fence!
@@ -1215,7 +1237,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ~~~~~python
@@ -1233,7 +1255,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_indent_tick() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func...
-        
+
        Returns:
            Some details
            `````python
@@ -1246,7 +1268,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func...  
          
        Returns:  
@@ -1267,7 +1289,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_indent_tilde() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func...
-        
+
        Returns:
            Some details
            ~~~~~~python
@@ -1280,7 +1302,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func...  
          
        Returns:  
@@ -1299,14 +1321,14 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_unclosed_fence_tick() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
        ````python
        x_y = thing_do();
        "#;

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ````python
@@ -1320,14 +1342,14 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_with_unclosed_fence_tilde() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
        ~~~~~python
        x_y = thing_do();
        "#;

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ~~~~~python
@@ -1342,7 +1364,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_messy_corners_tick() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
                ``````we still think this is a codefence```
            x_y = thing_do();
        ```````````` and are sloppy as heck with indentation and closing shrugggg
@@ -1350,7 +1372,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ``````we still think this is a codefence```
@@ -1365,7 +1387,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn explicit_markdown_block_messy_corners_tilde() {
        let docstring = r#"
        My cool func:
-        
+
                ~~~~~~we still think this is a codefence~~~
            x_y = thing_do();
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ and are sloppy as heck with indentation and closing shrugggg
@@ -1373,7 +1395,7 @@ mod tests {

        let docstring = Docstring::new(docstring.to_owned());

-        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @r"
+        assert_snapshot!(docstring.render_markdown(), @"
        My cool func:  
          
        ~~~~~~we still think this is a codefence~~~
--- a/crates/ty_ide/src/goto_definition.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_ide/src/goto_definition.rs
@@ -1649,6 +1649,103 @@ Traceb<CURSOR>ackType
        assert_snapshot!(test.goto_definition(), @"No goto target found");
    }

+    /// goto-definition on a dynamic class literal (created via `type()`)
+    #[test]
+    fn goto_definition_dynamic_class_literal() {
+        let test = CursorTest::builder()
+            .source(
+                "main.py",
+                r#"
+DynClass = type("DynClass", (), {})
+
+x = DynCla<CURSOR>ss()
+"#,
+            )
+            .build();
+
+        assert_snapshot!(test.goto_definition(), @r#"
+        info[goto-definition]: Go to definition
+         --> main.py:4:5
+          |
+        2 | DynClass = type("DynClass", (), {})
+        3 |
+        4 | x = DynClass()
+          |     ^^^^^^^^ Clicking here
+          |
+        info: Found 2 definitions
+           --> main.py:2:1
+            |
+          2 | DynClass = type("DynClass", (), {})
+            | --------
+          3 |
+          4 | x = DynClass()
+            |
+           ::: stdlib/builtins.pyi:137:9
+            |
+        135 |     def __class__(self, type: type[Self], /) -> None: ...
+        136 |     def __init__(self) -> None: ...
+        137 |     def __new__(cls) -> Self: ...
+            |         -------
+        138 |     # N.B. `object.__setattr__` and `object.__delattr__` are heavily special-cased by type checkers.
+        139 |     # Overriding them in subclasses has different semantics, even if the override has an identical signature.
+            |
+        "#);
+    }
+
+    /// goto-definition on a dangling dynamic class literal (not assigned to a variable)
+    #[test]
+    fn goto_definition_dangling_dynamic_class_literal() {
+        let test = CursorTest::builder()
+            .source(
+                "main.py",
+                r#"
+class Foo(type("Ba<CURSOR>r", (), {})):
+    pass
+"#,
+            )
+            .build();
+
+        assert_snapshot!(test.goto_definition(), @"No goto target found");
+    }
+
+    /// goto-definition on a dynamic namedtuple class literal (created via `collections.namedtuple()`)
+    #[test]
+    fn goto_definition_dynamic_namedtuple_literal() {
+        let test = CursorTest::builder()
+            .source(
+                "main.py",
+                r#"
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+
+p = Poi<CURSOR>nt(1, 2)
+"#,
+            )
+            .build();
+
+        assert_snapshot!(test.goto_definition(), @r#"
+        info[goto-definition]: Go to definition
+         --> main.py:6:5
+          |
+        4 | Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        5 |
+        6 | p = Point(1, 2)
+          |     ^^^^^ Clicking here
+          |
+        info: Found 1 definition
+         --> main.py:4:1
+          |
+        2 | from collections import namedtuple
+        3 |
+        4 | Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+          | -----
+        5 |
+        6 | p = Point(1, 2)
+          |
+        "#);
+    }
+
    // TODO: Should only list `a: int`
    #[test]
    fn redeclarations() {
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/unsupported_special_types.md
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/annotations/unsupported_special_types.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Unsupported special types

-We do not understand the functional syntax for creating `NamedTuple`s, `TypedDict`s or `Enum`s yet.
-But we also do not emit false positives when these are used in type expressions.
+We do not understand the functional syntax for creating `TypedDict`s or `Enum`s yet. But we also do
+not emit false positives when these are used in type expressions.

 ```py
 import collections
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ import typing
 MyEnum = enum.Enum("MyEnum", ["foo", "bar", "baz"])
 MyIntEnum = enum.IntEnum("MyIntEnum", ["foo", "bar", "baz"])
 MyTypedDict = typing.TypedDict("MyTypedDict", {"foo": int})
-MyNamedTuple1 = typing.NamedTuple("MyNamedTuple1", [("foo", int)])
-MyNamedTuple2 = collections.namedtuple("MyNamedTuple2", ["foo"])

-def f(a: MyEnum, b: MyTypedDict, c: MyNamedTuple1, d: MyNamedTuple2): ...
+def f(a: MyEnum, b: MyTypedDict): ...
 ```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/type.md
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/type.md
@@ -20,16 +20,13 @@ class Base: ...
 class Mixin: ...

 # We synthesize a class type using the name argument
-Foo = type("Foo", (), {})
-reveal_type(Foo)  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>
+reveal_type(type("Foo", (), {}))  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>

 # With a single base class
-Foo2 = type("Foo", (Base,), {"attr": 1})
-reveal_type(Foo2)  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>
+reveal_type(type("Foo", (Base,), {"attr": 1}))  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>

 # With multiple base classes
-Foo3 = type("Foo", (Base, Mixin), {})
-reveal_type(Foo3)  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>
+reveal_type(type("Foo", (Base, Mixin), {}))  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>

 # The inferred type is assignable to type[Base] since Foo inherits from Base
 tests: list[type[Base]] = []
@@ -499,39 +496,38 @@ Other numbers of arguments are invalid:

 ```py
 # error: [no-matching-overload] "No overload of class `type` matches arguments"
-reveal_type(type("Foo", ()))  # revealed: Unknown
+reveal_type(type("Foo", ()))  # revealed: type[Unknown]

 # TODO: the keyword arguments for `Foo`/`Bar`/`Baz` here are invalid
-# (you cannot pass `metaclass=` to `type()`, and none of them have
-# base classes with `__init_subclass__` methods),
-# but `type[Unknown]` would be better than `Unknown` here
+# (none of them have base classes with `__init_subclass__` methods).
 #
+# The intent to create a new class is however clear,
+# so we still infer these as class-literal types.
+reveal_type(type("Foo", (), {}, weird_other_arg=42))  # revealed: <class 'Foo'>
+reveal_type(type("Bar", (int,), {}, weird_other_arg=42))  # revealed: <class 'Bar'>
+
+# You can't pass `metaclass=` to the `type()` constructor, but the intent is clear,
+# so we infer `<class 'Baz'>` here rather than `type[Unknown]`
 # error: [no-matching-overload] "No overload of class `type` matches arguments"
-reveal_type(type("Foo", (), {}, weird_other_arg=42))  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [no-matching-overload] "No overload of class `type` matches arguments"
-reveal_type(type("Bar", (int,), {}, weird_other_arg=42))  # revealed: Unknown
-# error: [no-matching-overload] "No overload of class `type` matches arguments"
-reveal_type(type("Baz", (), {}, metaclass=type))  # revealed: Unknown
+reveal_type(type("Baz", (), {}, metaclass=type))  # revealed: <class 'Baz'>
 ```

-The following calls are also invalid, due to incorrect argument types.
-
-Inline calls (not assigned to a variable) fall back to regular `type` overload matching, which
-produces slightly different error messages than assigned dynamic class creation:
+The following calls are also invalid, due to incorrect argument types:

 ```py
 class Base: ...

-# error: 6 [invalid-argument-type] "Argument to class `type` is incorrect: Expected `str`, found `Literal[b"Foo"]`"
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter 1 (`name`) of `type()`: Expected `str`, found `Literal[b"Foo"]`"
 type(b"Foo", (), {})

-# error: 13 [invalid-argument-type] "Argument to class `type` is incorrect: Expected `tuple[type, ...]`, found `<class 'Base'>`"
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter 2 (`bases`) of `type()`: Expected `tuple[type, ...]`, found `<class 'Base'>`"
 type("Foo", Base, {})

-# error: 13 [invalid-argument-type] "Argument to class `type` is incorrect: Expected `tuple[type, ...]`, found `tuple[Literal[1], Literal[2]]`"
+# error: 14 [invalid-base] "Invalid class base with type `Literal[1]`"
+# error: 17 [invalid-base] "Invalid class base with type `Literal[2]`"
 type("Foo", (1, 2), {})

-# error: 22 [invalid-argument-type] "Argument to class `type` is incorrect: Expected `dict[str, Any]`, found `dict[str | bytes, Any]`"
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter 3 (`namespace`) of `type()`: Expected `dict[str, Any]`, found `dict[Unknown | bytes, Unknown | int]`"
 type("Foo", (Base,), {b"attr": 1})
 ```

@@ -598,6 +594,19 @@ class Y(C, B): ...
 Conflict = type("Conflict", (X, Y), {})
 ```

+## MRO error highlighting (snapshot)
+
+<!-- snapshot-diagnostics -->
+
+This snapshot test documents the diagnostic highlighting range for dynamic class literals.
+Currently, the entire `type()` call expression is highlighted:
+
+```py
+class A: ...
+
+Dup = type("Dup", (A, A), {})  # error: [duplicate-base]
+```
+
 ## Metaclass conflicts

 Metaclass conflicts are detected and reported:
@@ -853,55 +862,77 @@ def f(*args, **kwargs):

    # Has a string first arg, but unknown additional args from *args
    B = type("B", *args, **kwargs)
-    # TODO: `type[Unknown]` would cause fewer false positives
-    reveal_type(B)  # revealed: <class 'str'>
+    reveal_type(B)  # revealed: type[Unknown]

    # Has string and tuple, but unknown additional args
    C = type("C", (), *args, **kwargs)
-    # TODO: `type[Unknown]` would cause fewer false positives
-    reveal_type(C)  # revealed: type
+    reveal_type(C)  # revealed: type[Unknown]

    # All three positional args provided, only **kwargs unknown
    D = type("D", (), {}, **kwargs)
-    # TODO: `type[Unknown]` would cause fewer false positives
-    reveal_type(D)  # revealed: type
+    reveal_type(D)  # revealed: <class 'D'>

    # Three starred expressions - we can't know how they expand
    a = ("E",)
    b = ((),)
    c = ({},)
    E = type(*a, *b, *c)
-    # TODO: `type[Unknown]` would cause fewer false positives
-    reveal_type(E)  # revealed: type
+    reveal_type(E)  # revealed: type[Unknown]
 ```

 ## Explicit type annotations

-TODO: Annotated assignments with `type()` calls don't currently synthesize the specific class type.
-This will be fixed when we support all `type()` calls (including inline) via generic handling.
+When an explicit type annotation is provided, the inferred type is checked against it:

 ```py
+# The annotation `type` is compatible with the inferred class literal type
+T: type = type("T", (), {})
+reveal_type(T)  # revealed: <class 'T'>
+
+# The annotation `type[Base]` is compatible with the inferred type
 class Base: ...

-# TODO: Should infer `<class 'T'>` instead of `type`
-T: type = type("T", (), {})
-reveal_type(T)  # revealed: type
-
-# TODO: Should infer `<class 'Derived'>` instead of `type[Base]}
-# error: [invalid-assignment] "Object of type `type` is not assignable to `type[Base]`"
 Derived: type[Base] = type("Derived", (Base,), {})
-reveal_type(Derived)  # revealed: type[Base]
+reveal_type(Derived)  # revealed: <class 'Derived'>
+
+# Incompatible annotation produces an error
+class Unrelated: ...
+
+# error: [invalid-assignment]
+Bad: type[Unrelated] = type("Bad", (Base,), {})
 ```

 ## Special base classes

 Some special base classes work with dynamic class creation, but special semantics may not be fully
-synthesized:
+synthesized.
+
+### Invalid special bases
+
+Dynamic classes cannot directly inherit from `Generic`, `Protocol`, or `TypedDict`. These special
+forms require class syntax for their semantics to be properly applied:
+
+```py
+from typing import Generic, Protocol, TypeVar
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+# error: [invalid-base] "Invalid base for class created via `type()`"
+GenericClass = type("GenericClass", (Generic[T],), {})
+
+# error: [unsupported-dynamic-base] "Unsupported base for class created via `type()`"
+ProtocolClass = type("ProtocolClass", (Protocol,), {})
+
+# error: [invalid-base] "Invalid base for class created via `type()`"
+TypedDictClass = type("TypedDictClass", (TypedDict,), {})
+```

 ### Protocol bases

+Inheriting from a class that is itself a protocol is valid:
+
 ```py
-# Protocol bases work - the class is created as a subclass of the protocol
 from typing import Protocol
 from ty_extensions import reveal_mro

@@ -918,8 +949,9 @@ reveal_type(instance)  # revealed: ProtoImpl

 ### TypedDict bases

+Inheriting from a class that is itself a TypedDict is valid:
+
 ```py
-# TypedDict bases work but TypedDict semantics aren't applied to dynamic subclasses
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 from ty_extensions import reveal_mro

@@ -952,26 +984,26 @@ reveal_mro(Point3D)  # revealed: (<class 'Point3D'>, <class 'Point'>, <class 'tu

 ### Enum bases

+Creating a class via `type()` that inherits from any Enum class fails at runtime because `EnumMeta`
+expects special attributes in the class dict that `type()` doesn't provide:
+
 ```py
-# Enum subclassing via type() is not supported - EnumMeta requires special dict handling
-# that type() cannot provide. This applies even to empty enums.
 from enum import Enum

 class Color(Enum):
    RED = 1
    GREEN = 2

+# Enums with members are final and cannot be subclassed
+# error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+ExtendedColor = type("ExtendedColor", (Color,), {})
+
 class EmptyEnum(Enum):
    pass

-# TODO: We should emit a diagnostic here - type() cannot create Enum subclasses
-ExtendedColor = type("ExtendedColor", (Color,), {})
-reveal_type(ExtendedColor)  # revealed: <class 'ExtendedColor'>
-
-# Even empty enums fail - EnumMeta requires special dict handling
-# TODO: We should emit a diagnostic here too
-ValidExtension = type("ValidExtension", (EmptyEnum,), {})
-reveal_type(ValidExtension)  # revealed: <class 'ValidExtension'>
+# Empty enums fail because EnumMeta requires special dict handling
+# error: [invalid-base] "Invalid base for class created via `type()`"
+InvalidExtension = type("InvalidExtension", (EmptyEnum,), {})
 ```

 ## `__init_subclass__` keyword arguments
@@ -992,9 +1024,6 @@ class Child(Base, required_arg="value"):
 # The dynamically assigned attribute has Unknown in its type
 reveal_type(Child.config)  # revealed: Unknown | str

-# Dynamic class creation - keyword arguments are not yet supported
-# TODO: This should work: type("DynamicChild", (Base,), {}, required_arg="value")
-# error: [no-matching-overload]
 DynamicChild = type("DynamicChild", (Base,), {}, required_arg="value")
 ```

@@ -1034,3 +1063,27 @@ reveal_type(Dynamic)  # revealed: <class 'Dynamic'>
 # Metaclass attributes are accessible on the class
 reveal_type(Dynamic.custom_attr)  # revealed: str
 ```
+
+## `final()` on dynamic classes
+
+Using `final()` as a function (not a decorator) on dynamic classes will not be understood by type
+checkers. The class is passed through unchanged, and subclassing will not be prevented:
+
+```py
+from typing import final
+
+# error: [ineffective-final]
+FinalClass = final(type("FinalClass", (), {}))
+reveal_type(FinalClass)  # revealed: <class 'FinalClass'>
+
+# Subclassing is allowed because type checkers don't understand `final()` called as a function
+class Child(FinalClass): ...
+
+# Same with base classes
+class Base: ...
+
+# error: [ineffective-final]
+FinalDerived = final(type("FinalDerived", (Base,), {}))
+
+class Child2(FinalDerived): ...
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes
+
+<!-- snapshot-diagnostics -->
+
+## `@final` class
+
+Classes decorated with `@final` cannot be subclassed:
+
+```py
+from typing import final
+
+@final
+class FinalClass:
+    pass
+
+X = type("X", (FinalClass,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+```
+
+## `Generic` base
+
+Dynamic classes created via `type()` cannot inherit from `Generic`:
+
+```py
+from typing import Generic, TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+X = type("X", (Generic[T],), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+## `Protocol` base
+
+Dynamic classes created via `type()` cannot inherit from `Protocol`:
+
+```py
+from typing import Protocol
+
+X = type("X", (Protocol,), {})  # error: [unsupported-dynamic-base]
+```
+
+## `TypedDict` base
+
+Dynamic classes created via `type()` cannot inherit from `TypedDict` directly. Use
+`TypedDict("Name", ...)` instead:
+
+```py
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+X = type("X", (TypedDict,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+## Enum base
+
+Dynamic classes created via `type()` cannot inherit from Enum classes because `EnumMeta` expects
+special dict attributes that `type()` doesn't provide:
+
+```py
+from enum import Enum
+
+class MyEnum(Enum):
+    pass
+
+X = type("X", (MyEnum,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+## Enum with members
+
+Enums with members are final and cannot be subclassed at all:
+
+```py
+from enum import Enum
+
+class Color(Enum):
+    RED = 1
+    GREEN = 2
+
+X = type("X", (Color,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/named_tuple.md
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/named_tuple.md
@@ -84,17 +84,490 @@ alice.id = 42
 bob.age = None
 ```

-Alternative functional syntax:
+Alternative functional syntax with a list of tuples:

 ```py
 Person2 = NamedTuple("Person", [("id", int), ("name", str)])
 alice2 = Person2(1, "Alice")

-# TODO: should be an error
+# error: [missing-argument]
 Person2(1)

-reveal_type(alice2.id)  # revealed: @Todo(functional `NamedTuple` syntax)
-reveal_type(alice2.name)  # revealed: @Todo(functional `NamedTuple` syntax)
+reveal_type(alice2.id)  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(alice2.name)  # revealed: str
+```
+
+Functional syntax with a tuple of tuples:
+
+```py
+Person3 = NamedTuple("Person", (("id", int), ("name", str)))
+alice3 = Person3(1, "Alice")
+
+reveal_type(alice3.id)  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(alice3.name)  # revealed: str
+```
+
+Functional syntax with a tuple of lists:
+
+```py
+Person4 = NamedTuple("Person", (["id", int], ["name", str]))
+alice4 = Person4(1, "Alice")
+
+reveal_type(alice4.id)  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(alice4.name)  # revealed: str
+```
+
+Functional syntax with a list of lists:
+
+```py
+Person5 = NamedTuple("Person", [["id", int], ["name", str]])
+alice5 = Person5(1, "Alice")
+
+reveal_type(alice5.id)  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(alice5.name)  # revealed: str
+```
+
+### Functional syntax with variable name
+
+When the typename is passed via a variable, we can extract it from the inferred literal string type:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+name = "Person"
+Person = NamedTuple(name, [("id", int), ("name", str)])
+
+p = Person(1, "Alice")
+reveal_type(p.id)  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(p.name)  # revealed: str
+```
+
+### Functional syntax with tuple variable fields
+
+When fields are passed via a tuple variable, we can extract the literal field names and types from
+the inferred tuple type:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from ty_extensions import static_assert, is_subtype_of, reveal_mro
+
+fields = (("host", str), ("port", int))
+Url = NamedTuple("Url", fields)
+
+url = Url("localhost", 8080)
+reveal_type(url.host)  # revealed: str
+reveal_type(url.port)  # revealed: int
+
+# Generic types are also correctly converted to instance types.
+generic_fields = (("items", list[int]), ("mapping", dict[str, bool]))
+Container = NamedTuple("Container", generic_fields)
+container = Container([1, 2, 3], {"a": True})
+reveal_type(container.items)  # revealed: list[int]
+reveal_type(container.mapping)  # revealed: dict[str, bool]
+
+# MRO includes the properly specialized tuple type.
+# revealed: (<class 'Url'>, <class 'tuple[str, int]'>, <class 'object'>)
+reveal_mro(Url)
+
+static_assert(is_subtype_of(Url, tuple[str, int]))
+
+# Invalid type expressions in fields produce a diagnostic.
+invalid_fields = (("x", 42),)  # 42 is not a valid type
+# error: [invalid-type-form] "Invalid type `Literal[42]` in `NamedTuple` field type"
+InvalidNT = NamedTuple("InvalidNT", invalid_fields)
+reveal_type(InvalidNT)  # revealed: <class 'InvalidNT'>
+
+# Unpacking works correctly with the field types.
+host, port = url
+reveal_type(host)  # revealed: str
+reveal_type(port)  # revealed: int
+
+# error: [invalid-assignment] "Too many values to unpack: Expected 1"
+(only_one,) = url
+
+# error: [invalid-assignment] "Not enough values to unpack: Expected 3"
+a, b, c = url
+
+# Indexing works correctly.
+reveal_type(url[0])  # revealed: str
+reveal_type(url[1])  # revealed: int
+
+# error: [index-out-of-bounds]
+url[2]
+```
+
+### Functional syntax with variadic tuple fields
+
+When fields are passed as a variadic tuple (e.g., `tuple[..., *tuple[T, ...]]`), we cannot determine
+the exact field count statically. In this case, we fall back to unknown fields:
+
+```toml
+[environment]
+python-version = "3.11"
+```
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+# Variadic tuple - we can't determine the exact fields statically.
+def get_fields() -> tuple[tuple[str, type[int]], *tuple[tuple[str, type[str]], ...]]:
+    return (("x", int), ("y", str))
+
+fields = get_fields()
+NT = NamedTuple("NT", fields)
+
+# Fields are unknown, so attribute access returns Any and MRO has Unknown tuple.
+reveal_type(NT)  # revealed: <class 'NT'>
+reveal_mro(NT)  # revealed: (<class 'NT'>, <class 'tuple[Unknown, ...]'>, <class 'object'>)
+reveal_type(NT(1, "a").x)  # revealed: Any
+```
+
+Similarly for `collections.namedtuple`:
+
+```py
+import collections
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+def get_field_names() -> tuple[str, *tuple[str, ...]]:
+    return ("x", "y")
+
+field_names = get_field_names()
+NT = collections.namedtuple("NT", field_names)
+
+# Fields are unknown, so attribute access returns Any and MRO has Unknown tuple.
+reveal_type(NT)  # revealed: <class 'NT'>
+reveal_mro(NT)  # revealed: (<class 'NT'>, <class 'tuple[Unknown, ...]'>, <class 'object'>)
+reveal_type(NT(1, 2).x)  # revealed: Any
+```
+
+### Class inheriting from functional NamedTuple
+
+Classes can inherit from functional namedtuples. The constructor parameters and field types are
+properly inherited:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+class Url(NamedTuple("Url", [("host", str), ("path", str)])):
+    pass
+
+reveal_type(Url)  # revealed: <class 'Url'>
+# revealed: (<class 'mdtest_snippet.Url @ src/mdtest_snippet.py:4:7'>, <class 'mdtest_snippet.Url @ src/mdtest_snippet.py:4:11'>, <class 'tuple[str, str]'>, <class 'object'>)
+reveal_mro(Url)
+reveal_type(Url.__new__)  # revealed: (cls: type, host: str, path: str) -> Url
+
+# Constructor works with the inherited fields.
+url = Url("example.com", "/path")
+reveal_type(url)  # revealed: Url
+reveal_type(url.host)  # revealed: str
+reveal_type(url.path)  # revealed: str
+
+# Error handling works correctly.
+# error: [missing-argument]
+Url("example.com")
+
+# error: [too-many-positional-arguments]
+Url("example.com", "/path", "extra")
+```
+
+Subclasses can add methods that use inherited fields:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from typing_extensions import Self
+
+class Url(NamedTuple("Url", [("host", str), ("port", int)])):
+    def with_port(self, port: int) -> Self:
+        reveal_type(self.host)  # revealed: str
+        reveal_type(self.port)  # revealed: int
+        return self._replace(port=port)
+
+url = Url("localhost", 8080)
+reveal_type(url.with_port(9000))  # revealed: Url
+```
+
+For `class Foo(namedtuple("Foo", ...)): ...`, the inner call creates a namedtuple class, but the
+outer class is just a regular class inheriting from it. This is equivalent to:
+
+```py
+class _Foo(NamedTuple): ...
+
+class Foo(_Foo):  # Regular class, not a namedtuple
+    ...
+```
+
+Because the outer class is not itself a namedtuple, it can use `super()` and override `__new__`:
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+class ExtType(namedtuple("ExtType", "code data")):
+    """Override __new__ to add validation."""
+
+    def __new__(cls, code, data):
+        if not isinstance(code, int):
+            raise TypeError("code must be int")
+        return super().__new__(cls, code, data)
+
+class Url(NamedTuple("Url", [("host", str), ("path", str)])):
+    """Override __new__ to normalize the path."""
+
+    def __new__(cls, host, path):
+        if path and not path.startswith("/"):
+            path = "/" + path
+        return super().__new__(cls, host, path)
+
+# Both work correctly.
+ext = ExtType(42, b"hello")
+reveal_type(ext)  # revealed: ExtType
+
+url = Url("example.com", "path")
+reveal_type(url)  # revealed: Url
+```
+
+### Functional syntax with list variable fields
+
+When fields are passed via a list variable (not a literal), the field names cannot be determined
+statically. Attribute access returns `Any` and the constructor accepts any arguments:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from typing_extensions import Self
+
+fields = [("host", str), ("port", int)]
+
+class Url(NamedTuple("Url", fields)):
+    def with_port(self, port: int) -> Self:
+        # Fields are unknown, so attribute access returns Any.
+        reveal_type(self.host)  # revealed: Any
+        reveal_type(self.port)  # revealed: Any
+        reveal_type(self.unknown)  # revealed: Any
+        return self._replace(port=port)
+```
+
+When constructing a namedtuple directly with dynamically-defined fields, keyword arguments are
+accepted because the constructor uses a gradual signature:
+
+```py
+import collections
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+CheckerConfig = ["duration", "video_fps", "audio_sample_rate"]
+GroundTruth = collections.namedtuple("GroundTruth", " ".join(CheckerConfig))
+
+# No error - fields are unknown, so any keyword arguments are accepted
+config = GroundTruth(duration=0, video_fps=30, audio_sample_rate=44100)
+reveal_type(config)  # revealed: GroundTruth
+reveal_type(config.duration)  # revealed: Any
+
+# Namedtuples with unknown fields inherit from tuple[Unknown, ...] to avoid false positives.
+# revealed: (<class 'GroundTruth'>, <class 'tuple[Unknown, ...]'>, <class 'object'>)
+reveal_mro(GroundTruth)
+
+# No index-out-of-bounds error since the tuple length is unknown.
+reveal_type(config[0])  # revealed: Unknown
+reveal_type(config[100])  # revealed: Unknown
+```
+
+### Functional syntax signature validation
+
+The `collections.namedtuple` function accepts `str | Iterable[str]` for `field_names`:
+
+```py
+import collections
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+# String field names (space-separated)
+Point1 = collections.namedtuple("Point", "x y")
+reveal_type(Point1)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_mro(Point1)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# String field names with multiple spaces
+Point1a = collections.namedtuple("Point", "x       y")
+reveal_type(Point1a)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_mro(Point1a)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# String field names (comma-separated also works at runtime)
+Point2 = collections.namedtuple("Point", "x, y")
+reveal_type(Point2)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_mro(Point2)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# List of strings
+Point3 = collections.namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+reveal_type(Point3)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_mro(Point3)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# Tuple of strings
+Point4 = collections.namedtuple("Point", ("x", "y"))
+reveal_type(Point4)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_mro(Point4)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# Invalid: integer is not a valid typename
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+Invalid = collections.namedtuple(123, ["x", "y"])
+reveal_type(Invalid)  # revealed: <class '<unknown>'>
+reveal_mro(Invalid)  # revealed: (<class '<unknown>'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# Invalid: too many positional arguments
+# error: [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `namedtuple`: expected 2, got 4"
+TooMany = collections.namedtuple("TooMany", "x", "y", "z")
+reveal_type(TooMany)  # revealed: <class 'TooMany'>
+```
+
+The `typing.NamedTuple` function accepts `Iterable[tuple[str, Any]]` for `fields`:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+# List of tuples
+Person1 = NamedTuple("Person", [("name", str), ("age", int)])
+reveal_type(Person1)  # revealed: <class 'Person'>
+
+# Tuple of tuples
+Person2 = NamedTuple("Person", (("name", str), ("age", int)))
+reveal_type(Person2)  # revealed: <class 'Person'>
+
+# Invalid: integer is not a valid typename
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+NamedTuple(123, [("name", str)])
+
+# Invalid: too many positional arguments
+# error: [too-many-positional-arguments] "Too many positional arguments to function `NamedTuple`: expected 2, got 4"
+TooMany = NamedTuple("TooMany", [("x", int)], "extra", "args")
+reveal_type(TooMany)  # revealed: <class 'TooMany'>
+```
+
+### Keyword arguments for `collections.namedtuple`
+
+The `collections.namedtuple` function accepts `rename`, `defaults`, and `module` keyword arguments:
+
+```py
+import collections
+from ty_extensions import reveal_mro
+
+# `rename=True` replaces invalid identifiers with positional names
+Point = collections.namedtuple("Point", ["x", "class", "_y", "z", "z"], rename=True)
+reveal_type(Point)  # revealed: <class 'Point'>
+reveal_type(Point.__new__)  # revealed: (cls: type, x: Any, _1: Any, _2: Any, z: Any, _4: Any) -> Point
+reveal_mro(Point)  # revealed: (<class 'Point'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any, Any, Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+p = Point(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+reveal_type(p.x)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(p._1)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(p._2)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(p.z)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(p._4)  # revealed: Any
+
+# Truthy non-bool values for `rename` are also handled, but emit a diagnostic
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter `rename` of `namedtuple()`"
+Point2 = collections.namedtuple("Point2", ["_x", "class"], rename=1)
+reveal_type(Point2)  # revealed: <class 'Point2'>
+reveal_type(Point2.__new__)  # revealed: (cls: type, _0: Any, _1: Any) -> Point2
+
+# `defaults` provides default values for the rightmost fields
+Person = collections.namedtuple("Person", ["name", "age", "city"], defaults=["Unknown"])
+reveal_type(Person)  # revealed: <class 'Person'>
+reveal_type(Person.__new__)  # revealed: (cls: type, name: Any, age: Any, city: Any = "Unknown") -> Person
+
+reveal_mro(Person)  # revealed: (<class 'Person'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+# Can create with all fields
+person1 = Person("Alice", 30, "NYC")
+# Can omit the field with default
+person2 = Person("Bob", 25)
+reveal_type(person1.city)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(person2.city)  # revealed: Any
+
+# `module` is valid but doesn't affect type checking
+Config = collections.namedtuple("Config", ["host", "port"], module="myapp")
+reveal_type(Config)  # revealed: <class 'Config'>
+
+# When more defaults are provided than fields, we treat all fields as having defaults.
+# TODO: This should emit a diagnostic since it would fail at runtime.
+TooManyDefaults = collections.namedtuple("TooManyDefaults", ["x", "y"], defaults=("a", "b", "c"))
+reveal_type(TooManyDefaults)  # revealed: <class 'TooManyDefaults'>
+reveal_type(TooManyDefaults.__new__)  # revealed: (cls: type, x: Any = "a", y: Any = "b") -> TooManyDefaults
+
+# Unknown keyword arguments produce an error
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+Bad1 = collections.namedtuple("Bad1", ["x", "y"], foobarbaz=42)
+reveal_type(Bad1)  # revealed: <class 'Bad1'>
+reveal_mro(Bad1)  # revealed: (<class 'Bad1'>, <class 'tuple[Any, Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# Multiple unknown keyword arguments
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+Bad2 = collections.namedtuple("Bad2", ["x"], invalid1=True, invalid2=False)
+reveal_type(Bad2)  # revealed: <class 'Bad2'>
+reveal_mro(Bad2)  # revealed: (<class 'Bad2'>, <class 'tuple[Any]'>, <class 'object'>)
+
+# Invalid type for `defaults` (not Iterable[Any] | None)
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter `defaults` of `namedtuple()`"
+Bad3 = collections.namedtuple("Bad3", ["x"], defaults=123)
+reveal_type(Bad3)  # revealed: <class 'Bad3'>
+
+# Invalid type for `module` (not str | None)
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter `module` of `namedtuple()`"
+Bad4 = collections.namedtuple("Bad4", ["x"], module=456)
+reveal_type(Bad4)  # revealed: <class 'Bad4'>
+
+# Invalid type for `field_names` (not str | Iterable[str])
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter `field_names` of `namedtuple()`"
+Bad5 = collections.namedtuple("Bad5", 12345)
+reveal_type(Bad5)  # revealed: <class 'Bad5'>
+```
+
+### Keyword arguments for `typing.NamedTuple`
+
+The `typing.NamedTuple` function does not accept any keyword arguments:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+Bad3 = NamedTuple("Bad3", [("x", int)], rename=True)
+
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+Bad4 = NamedTuple("Bad4", [("x", int)], defaults=[0])
+
+# error: [unknown-argument]
+Bad5 = NamedTuple("Bad5", [("x", int)], foobarbaz=42)
+
+# Invalid type for `fields` (not an iterable)
+# error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter `fields` of `NamedTuple()`"
+Bad6 = NamedTuple("Bad6", 12345)
+reveal_type(Bad6)  # revealed: <class 'Bad6'>
+```
+
+### Starred and double-starred arguments
+
+When starred (`*args`) or double-starred (`**kwargs`) arguments are used, we fall back to normal
+call binding since we can't statically determine the arguments. This results in `NamedTupleFallback`
+being returned:
+
+```py
+import collections
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+args = ("Point", ["x", "y"])
+kwargs = {"rename": True}
+
+# Starred positional arguments - falls back to NamedTupleFallback
+Point1 = collections.namedtuple(*args)
+reveal_type(Point1)  # revealed: type[NamedTupleFallback]
+
+# Ideally we'd catch this false negative,
+# but it's unclear if it's worth the added complexity
+Point2 = NamedTuple(*args)
+reveal_type(Point2)  # revealed: type[NamedTupleFallback]
+
+# Double-starred keyword arguments - falls back to NamedTupleFallback
+Point3 = collections.namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"], **kwargs)
+reveal_type(Point3)  # revealed: type[NamedTupleFallback]
+
+Point4 = NamedTuple("Point", [("x", int), ("y", int)], **kwargs)
+reveal_type(Point4)  # revealed: type[NamedTupleFallback]
 ```

 ### Definition
@@ -154,6 +627,84 @@ class D(
 class E(NamedTuple, Protocol): ...
 ```

+However, as explained above, for `class Foo(namedtuple("Foo", ...)): ...` the outer class is not
+itself a namedtuple—it just inherits from one. So it can use multiple inheritance freely:
+
+```py
+from abc import ABC
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+class Point(namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"]), ABC):
+    """No error - functional namedtuple inheritance allows multiple inheritance."""
+
+class Url(NamedTuple("Url", [("host", str), ("port", int)]), ABC):
+    """No error - typing.NamedTuple functional syntax also allows multiple inheritance."""
+
+p = Point(1, 2)
+reveal_type(p.x)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(p.y)  # revealed: Any
+
+u = Url("localhost", 8080)
+reveal_type(u.host)  # revealed: str
+reveal_type(u.port)  # revealed: int
+```
+
+### Inherited tuple methods
+
+Namedtuples inherit methods from their tuple base class, including `count`, `index`, and comparison
+methods (`__lt__`, `__le__`, `__gt__`, `__ge__`).
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+# typing.NamedTuple inherits tuple methods
+class Point(NamedTuple):
+    x: int
+    y: int
+
+p = Point(1, 2)
+reveal_type(p.count(1))  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(p.index(2))  # revealed: int
+
+# collections.namedtuple also inherits tuple methods
+Person = namedtuple("Person", ["name", "age"])
+alice = Person("Alice", 30)
+reveal_type(alice.count("Alice"))  # revealed: int
+reveal_type(alice.index(30))  # revealed: int
+```
+
+The `@total_ordering` decorator should not emit a diagnostic, since the required `__lt__` method is
+already present:
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+from functools import total_ordering
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+# No error - __lt__ is inherited from the tuple base class
+@total_ordering
+class Point(namedtuple("Point", "x y")): ...
+
+p1 = Point(1, 2)
+p2 = Point(3, 4)
+# TODO: should be `bool`, not `Any | Literal[False]`
+reveal_type(p1 < p2)  # revealed: Any | Literal[False]
+reveal_type(p1 <= p2)  # revealed: Any | Literal[True]
+
+# Same for typing.NamedTuple - no error
+@total_ordering
+class Person(NamedTuple):
+    name: str
+    age: int
+
+alice = Person("Alice", 30)
+bob = Person("Bob", 25)
+reveal_type(alice < bob)  # revealed: bool
+reveal_type(alice >= bob)  # revealed: bool
+```
+
 ### Inheriting from a `NamedTuple`

 Inheriting from a `NamedTuple` is supported, but new fields on the subclass will not be part of the
@@ -254,6 +805,34 @@ reveal_type(LegacyProperty[str].value.fget)  # revealed: (self, /) -> str
 reveal_type(LegacyProperty("height", 3.4).value)  # revealed: int | float
 ```

+Generic namedtuples can also be defined using the functional syntax with type variables in the field
+types. We don't currently support this, but mypy does:
+
+```py
+from typing import NamedTuple, TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+# TODO: ideally this would create a generic namedtuple class
+Pair = NamedTuple("Pair", [("first", T), ("second", T)])
+
+# For now, the TypeVar is not specialized, so the field types remain as `T@Pair` and argument type
+# errors are emitted when calling the constructor.
+reveal_type(Pair)  # revealed: <class 'Pair'>
+
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+reveal_type(Pair(1, 2))  # revealed: Pair
+
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+reveal_type(Pair(1, 2).first)  # revealed: T@Pair
+
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+# error: [invalid-argument-type]
+reveal_type(Pair(1, 2).second)  # revealed: T@Pair
+```
+
 ## Attributes on `NamedTuple`

 The following attributes are available on `NamedTuple` classes / instances:
@@ -267,6 +846,7 @@ class Person(NamedTuple):

 reveal_type(Person._field_defaults)  # revealed: dict[str, Any]
 reveal_type(Person._fields)  # revealed: tuple[Literal["name"], Literal["age"]]
+reveal_type(Person.__slots__)  # revealed: tuple[()]
 reveal_type(Person._make)  # revealed: bound method <class 'Person'>._make(iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> Person
 reveal_type(Person._asdict)  # revealed: def _asdict(self) -> dict[str, Any]
 reveal_type(Person._replace)  # revealed: (self: Self, *, name: str = ..., age: int | None = ...) -> Self
@@ -309,6 +889,75 @@ Person = namedtuple("Person", ["id", "name", "age"], defaults=[None])

 alice = Person(1, "Alice", 42)
 bob = Person(2, "Bob")
+
+reveal_type(Person.__slots__)  # revealed: tuple[()]
+```
+
+## `collections.namedtuple` with tuple variable field names
+
+When field names are passed via a tuple variable, we can extract the literal field names from the
+inferred tuple type. The class is properly synthesized (not a fallback), but field types are `Any`
+since `collections.namedtuple` doesn't include type annotations:
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+field_names = ("name", "age")
+Person = namedtuple("Person", field_names)
+
+reveal_type(Person)  # revealed: <class 'Person'>
+
+alice = Person("Alice", 42)
+reveal_type(alice)  # revealed: Person
+reveal_type(alice.name)  # revealed: Any
+reveal_type(alice.age)  # revealed: Any
+```
+
+## `collections.namedtuple` with list variable field names
+
+When field names are passed via a list variable (not a literal), we fall back to
+`NamedTupleFallback` which allows any attribute access. This is a regression test for accessing
+`Self` attributes in methods of classes that inherit from namedtuples with dynamic fields:
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+from typing_extensions import Self
+
+field_names = ["host", "port"]
+
+class Url(namedtuple("Url", field_names)):
+    def with_port(self, port: int) -> Self:
+        # Fields are unknown, so attribute access returns `Any`.
+        reveal_type(self.host)  # revealed: Any
+        reveal_type(self.port)  # revealed: Any
+        reveal_type(self.unknown)  # revealed: Any
+        return self._replace(port=port)
+```
+
+## `collections.namedtuple` attributes
+
+Functional namedtuples have synthesized attributes similar to class-based namedtuples:
+
+```py
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+Person = namedtuple("Person", ["name", "age"])
+
+reveal_type(Person._fields)  # revealed: tuple[Literal["name"], Literal["age"]]
+reveal_type(Person._field_defaults)  # revealed: dict[str, Any]
+reveal_type(Person._make)  # revealed: bound method <class 'Person'>._make(iterable: Iterable[Any]) -> Person
+reveal_type(Person._asdict)  # revealed: def _asdict(self) -> dict[str, Any]
+reveal_type(Person._replace)  # revealed: (self: Self, *, name: Any = ..., age: Any = ...) -> Self
+
+# _make creates instances from an iterable.
+reveal_type(Person._make(["Alice", 30]))  # revealed: Person
+
+# _asdict converts to a dictionary.
+person = Person("Alice", 30)
+reveal_type(person._asdict())  # revealed: dict[str, Any]
+
+# _replace creates a copy with replaced fields.
+reveal_type(person._replace(name="Bob"))  # revealed: Person
 ```

 ## The symbol `NamedTuple` itself
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/narrow/type.md
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/narrow/type.md
@@ -210,12 +210,15 @@ Narrowing does not occur in the same way if `type` is used to dynamically create

 ```py
 def _(x: str | int):
-    # Inline type() calls fall back to regular type overload matching.
-    # TODO: Once inline type() calls synthesize class types, this should narrow x to Never.
+    # The following diagnostic is valid, since the three-argument form of `type`
+    # can only be called with `str` as the first argument.
    #
-    # error: 13 [invalid-argument-type] "Argument to class `type` is incorrect: Expected `str`, found `str | int`"
+    # error: [invalid-argument-type] "Invalid argument to parameter 1 (`name`) of `type()`: Expected `str`, found `str | int`"
    if type(x, (), {}) is str:
-        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | int
+        # But we synthesize a new class object as the result of a three-argument call to `type`,
+        # and we know that this synthesized class object is not the same object as the `str` class object,
+        # so here the type is narrowed to `Never`!
+        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: Never
    else:
        reveal_type(x)  # revealed: str | int
 ```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/named_tuple.md_-_`NamedTuple`_-_`typing.NamedTuple`_-_Multiple_Inheritance_(82ed33d1b3b433d8).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/named_tuple.md_-_`NamedTuple`_-_`typing.NamedTuple`_-_Multiple_Inheritance_(82ed33d1b3b433d8).snap
@@ -30,6 +30,23 @@ mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/named_tuple.md
 15 | 
 16 | # error: [invalid-named-tuple]
 17 | class E(NamedTuple, Protocol): ...
+18 | from abc import ABC
+19 | from collections import namedtuple
+20 | from typing import NamedTuple
+21 | 
+22 | class Point(namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"]), ABC):
+23 |     """No error - functional namedtuple inheritance allows multiple inheritance."""
+24 | 
+25 | class Url(NamedTuple("Url", [("host", str), ("port", int)]), ABC):
+26 |     """No error - typing.NamedTuple functional syntax also allows multiple inheritance."""
+27 | 
+28 | p = Point(1, 2)
+29 | reveal_type(p.x)  # revealed: Any
+30 | reveal_type(p.y)  # revealed: Any
+31 | 
+32 | u = Url("localhost", 8080)
+33 | reveal_type(u.host)  # revealed: str
+34 | reveal_type(u.port)  # revealed: int
 ```

 # Diagnostics
@@ -68,6 +85,8 @@ error[invalid-named-tuple]: NamedTuple class `E` cannot use multiple inheritance
 16 | # error: [invalid-named-tuple]
 17 | class E(NamedTuple, Protocol): ...
   |                     ^^^^^^^^
+18 | from abc import ABC
+19 | from collections import namedtuple
   |
 info: rule `invalid-named-tuple` is enabled by default

--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/no_matching_overload…_-_No_matching_overload…_-_A_class_constructor_…_(dd9f8a8f736a329).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/no_matching_overload…_-_No_matching_overload…_-_A_class_constructor_…_(dd9f8a8f736a329).snap
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ error[no-matching-overload]: No overload of class `type` matches arguments
 1 | type()  # error: [no-matching-overload]
  | ^^^^^^
  |
+help: `builtins.type()` can either be called with one or three positional arguments (got 0)
 info: rule `no-matching-overload` is enabled by default

 ```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/type.md_-_Calls_to_`type()`_-_MRO_error_highlighti…_(12acd974e75461ea).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/type.md_-_Calls_to_`type()`_-_MRO_error_highlighti…_(12acd974e75461ea).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: type.md - Calls to `type()` - MRO error highlighting (snapshot)
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/call/type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | class A: ...
+2 | 
+3 | Dup = type("Dup", (A, A), {})  # error: [duplicate-base]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[duplicate-base]: Duplicate base class <class 'A'> in class `Dup`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:3:7
+  |
+1 | class A: ...
+2 |
+3 | Dup = type("Dup", (A, A), {})  # error: [duplicate-base]
+  |       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+  |
+info: rule `duplicate-base` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_Enum_base_(4873196c8b48364).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_Enum_base_(4873196c8b48364).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - Enum base
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from enum import Enum
+2 | 
+3 | class MyEnum(Enum):
+4 |     pass
+5 | 
+6 | X = type("X", (MyEnum,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[invalid-base]: Invalid base for class created via `type()`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:6:16
+  |
+4 |     pass
+5 |
+6 | X = type("X", (MyEnum,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+  |                ^^^^^^ Has type `<class 'MyEnum'>`
+  |
+info: Creating an enum class via `type()` is not supported
+info: Consider using `Enum("X", [])` instead
+info: rule `invalid-base` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_Enum_with_members_(81bef9a8e1230854).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_Enum_with_members_(81bef9a8e1230854).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - Enum with members
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from enum import Enum
+2 | 
+3 | class Color(Enum):
+4 |     RED = 1
+5 |     GREEN = 2
+6 | 
+7 | X = type("X", (Color,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[subclass-of-final-class]: Class `X` cannot inherit from final class `Color`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:7:16
+  |
+5 |     GREEN = 2
+6 |
+7 | X = type("X", (Color,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+  |                ^^^^^
+  |
+info: rule `subclass-of-final-class` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`@final`_class_(ea69d237256b3762).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`@final`_class_(ea69d237256b3762).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - `@final` class
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from typing import final
+2 | 
+3 | @final
+4 | class FinalClass:
+5 |     pass
+6 | 
+7 | X = type("X", (FinalClass,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[subclass-of-final-class]: Class `X` cannot inherit from final class `FinalClass`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:7:16
+  |
+5 |     pass
+6 |
+7 | X = type("X", (FinalClass,), {})  # error: [subclass-of-final-class]
+  |                ^^^^^^^^^^
+  |
+info: rule `subclass-of-final-class` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`Generic`_base_(d455f46a27cec685).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`Generic`_base_(d455f46a27cec685).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - `Generic` base
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from typing import Generic, TypeVar
+2 | 
+3 | T = TypeVar("T")
+4 | 
+5 | X = type("X", (Generic[T],), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[invalid-base]: Invalid base for class created via `type()`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:5:16
+  |
+3 | T = TypeVar("T")
+4 |
+5 | X = type("X", (Generic[T],), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+  |                ^^^^^^^^^^ Has type `<special-form 'typing.Generic[T]'>`
+  |
+info: Classes created via `type()` cannot be generic
+info: Consider using `class X(Generic[...]): ...` instead
+info: rule `invalid-base` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`Protocol`_base_(99c9bde73664dd51).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`Protocol`_base_(99c9bde73664dd51).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - `Protocol` base
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from typing import Protocol
+2 | 
+3 | X = type("X", (Protocol,), {})  # error: [unsupported-dynamic-base]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+info[unsupported-dynamic-base]: Unsupported base for class created via `type()`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:3:16
+  |
+1 | from typing import Protocol
+2 |
+3 | X = type("X", (Protocol,), {})  # error: [unsupported-dynamic-base]
+  |                ^^^^^^^^ Has type `<special-form 'typing.Protocol'>`
+  |
+info: Classes created via `type()` cannot be protocols
+info: Consider using `class X(Protocol): ...` instead
+info: rule `unsupported-dynamic-base` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`TypedDict`_base_(6f76171c88fc8760).snap
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/snapshots/unsupported_base_dyn…_-_Unsupported_base_for…_-_`TypedDict`_base_(6f76171c88fc8760).snap
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+source: crates/ty_test/src/lib.rs
+expression: snapshot
+---
+
+---
+mdtest name: unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md - Unsupported base for dynamic `type()` classes - `TypedDict` base
+mdtest path: crates/ty_python_semantic/resources/mdtest/diagnostics/unsupported_base_dynamic_type.md
+---
+
+# Python source files
+
+## mdtest_snippet.py
+
+```
+1 | from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+2 | 
+3 | X = type("X", (TypedDict,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+
+```
+error[invalid-base]: Invalid base for class created via `type()`
+ --> src/mdtest_snippet.py:3:16
+  |
+1 | from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+2 |
+3 | X = type("X", (TypedDict,), {})  # error: [invalid-base]
+  |                ^^^^^^^^^ Has type `<special-form 'typing.TypedDict'>`
+  |
+info: Classes created via `type()` cannot be TypedDicts
+info: Consider using `TypedDict("X", {})` instead
+info: rule `invalid-base` is enabled by default
+
+```
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/semantic_index/definition.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/semantic_index/definition.rs
@@ -938,6 +938,18 @@ impl DefinitionKind<'_> {
            | DefinitionKind::ExceptHandler(_) => DefinitionCategory::Binding,
        }
    }
+
+    /// Returns the value expression for assignment-based definitions.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `Some` for `Assignment` and `AnnotatedAssignment` (if it has a value),
+    /// `None` for all other definition kinds.
+    pub(crate) fn value<'ast>(&self, module: &'ast ParsedModuleRef) -> Option<&'ast ast::Expr> {
+        match self {
+            DefinitionKind::Assignment(assignment) => Some(assignment.value(module)),
+            DefinitionKind::AnnotatedAssignment(assignment) => assignment.value(module),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Hash, get_size2::GetSize)]
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/semantic_index/scope.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/semantic_index/scope.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::ops::Range;

 use ruff_db::{files::File, parsed::ParsedModuleRef};
 use ruff_index::newtype_index;
-use ruff_python_ast as ast;
+use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, NodeIndex};

 use crate::{
    Db,
@@ -463,6 +463,27 @@ impl NodeWithScopeKind {
            _ => None,
        }
    }
+
+    /// Returns the anchor node index for this scope, or `None` for the module scope.
+    ///
+    /// This is used to compute relative node indices for expressions within the scope,
+    /// providing a stable anchor that only changes when the scope-introducing node changes.
+    pub(crate) fn node_index(&self) -> Option<NodeIndex> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Module => None,
+            Self::Class(class) => Some(class.index()),
+            Self::ClassTypeParameters(class) => Some(class.index()),
+            Self::Function(function) => Some(function.index()),
+            Self::FunctionTypeParameters(function) => Some(function.index()),
+            Self::TypeAlias(type_alias) => Some(type_alias.index()),
+            Self::TypeAliasTypeParameters(type_alias) => Some(type_alias.index()),
+            Self::Lambda(lambda) => Some(lambda.index()),
+            Self::ListComprehension(comp) => Some(comp.index()),
+            Self::SetComprehension(comp) => Some(comp.index()),
+            Self::DictComprehension(comp) => Some(comp.index()),
+            Self::GeneratorExpression(generator) => Some(generator.index()),
+        }
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, get_size2::GetSize)]
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types.rs
@@ -4111,55 +4111,6 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {
                    .into()
                }

-                Some(KnownClass::Type) => {
-                    let str_instance = KnownClass::Str.to_instance(db);
-                    let type_instance = KnownClass::Type.to_instance(db);
-
-                    // ```py
-                    // class type:
-                    //     @overload
-                    //     def __init__(self, o: object, /) -> None: ...
-                    //     @overload
-                    //     def __init__(self, name: str, bases: tuple[type, ...], dict: dict[str, Any], /, **kwds: Any) -> None: ...
-                    // ```
-                    CallableBinding::from_overloads(
-                        self,
-                        [
-                            Signature::new(
-                                Parameters::new(
-                                    db,
-                                    [Parameter::positional_only(Some(Name::new_static("o")))
-                                        .with_annotated_type(Type::any())],
-                                ),
-                                type_instance,
-                            ),
-                            Signature::new(
-                                Parameters::new(
-                                    db,
-                                    [
-                                        Parameter::positional_only(Some(Name::new_static("name")))
-                                            .with_annotated_type(str_instance),
-                                        Parameter::positional_only(Some(Name::new_static("bases")))
-                                            .with_annotated_type(Type::homogeneous_tuple(
-                                                db,
-                                                type_instance,
-                                            )),
-                                        Parameter::positional_only(Some(Name::new_static("dict")))
-                                            .with_annotated_type(
-                                                KnownClass::Dict.to_specialized_instance(
-                                                    db,
-                                                    &[str_instance, Type::any()],
-                                                ),
-                                            ),
-                                    ],
-                                ),
-                                type_instance,
-                            ),
-                        ],
-                    )
-                    .into()
-                }
-
                Some(KnownClass::Object) => {
                    // ```py
                    // class object:
@@ -4451,10 +4402,6 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {
                .into()
            }

-            Type::SpecialForm(SpecialFormType::NamedTuple) => {
-                Binding::single(self, Signature::todo("functional `NamedTuple` syntax")).into()
-            }
-
            Type::GenericAlias(_) => {
                // TODO annotated return type on `__new__` or metaclass `__call__`
                // TODO check call vs signatures of `__new__` and/or `__init__`
@@ -6559,9 +6506,9 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {
                Some(TypeDefinition::Function(function.definition(db)))
            }
            Self::ModuleLiteral(module) => Some(TypeDefinition::Module(module.module(db))),
-            Self::ClassLiteral(class_literal) => Some(class_literal.type_definition(db)),
+            Self::ClassLiteral(class_literal) => class_literal.type_definition(db),
            Self::GenericAlias(alias) => Some(TypeDefinition::StaticClass(alias.definition(db))),
-            Self::NominalInstance(instance) => Some(instance.class(db).type_definition(db)),
+            Self::NominalInstance(instance) => instance.class(db).type_definition(db),
            Self::KnownInstance(instance) => match instance {
                KnownInstanceType::TypeVar(var) => {
                    Some(TypeDefinition::TypeVar(var.definition(db)?))
@@ -6575,7 +6522,7 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {

            Self::SubclassOf(subclass_of_type) => match subclass_of_type.subclass_of() {
                SubclassOfInner::Dynamic(_) => None,
-                SubclassOfInner::Class(class) => Some(class.type_definition(db)),
+                SubclassOfInner::Class(class) => class.type_definition(db),
                SubclassOfInner::TypeVar(bound_typevar) => {
                    Some(TypeDefinition::TypeVar(bound_typevar.typevar(db).definition(db)?))
                }
@@ -6605,7 +6552,7 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {
            Self::TypeVar(bound_typevar) => Some(TypeDefinition::TypeVar(bound_typevar.typevar(db).definition(db)?)),

            Self::ProtocolInstance(protocol) => match protocol.inner {
-                Protocol::FromClass(class) => Some(class.type_definition(db)),
+                Protocol::FromClass(class) => class.type_definition(db),
                Protocol::Synthesized(_) => None,
            },

--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/call/bind.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/call/bind.rs
@@ -1187,11 +1187,6 @@ impl<'db> Bindings<'db> {
                            }
                        }

-                        Some(KnownFunction::NamedTuple) => {
-                            overload
-                                .set_return_type(todo_type!("Support for functional `namedtuple`"));
-                        }
-
                        _ => {
                            // Ideally, either the implementation, or exactly one of the overloads
                            // of the function can have the dataclass_transform decorator applied.
@@ -1443,12 +1438,6 @@ impl<'db> Bindings<'db> {
                            }
                        }

-                        Some(KnownClass::Type) if overload_index == 0 => {
-                            if let [Some(arg)] = overload.parameter_types() {
-                                overload.set_return_type(arg.dunder_class(db));
-                            }
-                        }
-
                        Some(KnownClass::Property) => {
                            if let [getter, setter, ..] = overload.parameter_types() {
                                overload.set_return_type(Type::PropertyInstance(
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/class.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/class.rs
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/diagnostic.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/diagnostic.rs
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ pub(crate) fn register_lints(registry: &mut LintRegistryBuilder) {
    registry.register_lint(&POSSIBLY_UNRESOLVED_REFERENCE);
    registry.register_lint(&SUBCLASS_OF_FINAL_CLASS);
    registry.register_lint(&OVERRIDE_OF_FINAL_METHOD);
+    registry.register_lint(&INEFFECTIVE_FINAL);
    registry.register_lint(&TYPE_ASSERTION_FAILURE);
    registry.register_lint(&TOO_MANY_POSITIONAL_ARGUMENTS);
    registry.register_lint(&UNAVAILABLE_IMPLICIT_SUPER_ARGUMENTS);
@@ -1789,6 +1790,34 @@ declare_lint! {
    }
 }

+declare_lint! {
+    /// ## What it does
+    /// Checks for calls to `final()` that type checkers cannot interpret.
+    ///
+    /// ## Why is this bad?
+    /// The `final()` function is designed to be used as a decorator. When called directly
+    /// as a function (e.g., `final(type(...))`), type checkers will not understand the
+    /// application of `final` and will not prevent subclassing.
+    ///
+    /// ## Example
+    ///
+    /// ```python
+    /// from typing import final
+    ///
+    /// # Incorrect: type checkers will not prevent subclassing
+    /// MyClass = final(type("MyClass", (), {}))
+    ///
+    /// # Correct: use `final` as a decorator
+    /// @final
+    /// class MyClass: ...
+    /// ```
+    pub(crate) static INEFFECTIVE_FINAL = {
+        summary: "detects calls to `final()` that type checkers cannot interpret",
+        status: LintStatus::preview("0.0.1-alpha.33"),
+        default_level: Level::Warn,
+    }
+}
+
 declare_lint! {
    /// ## What it does
    /// Checks for methods that are decorated with `@override` but do not override any method in a superclass.
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/enums.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/enums.rs
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ pub(crate) fn enum_metadata<'db>(
            //
            // MyEnum = type("MyEnum", (BaseEnum,), {"A": 1, "B": 2})
            // ```
-            // TODO: Add a diagnostic for including an enum in a `type(...)` call.
            return None;
        }
+        ClassLiteral::DynamicNamedTuple(..) => return None,
    };

    // This is a fast path to avoid traversing the MRO of known classes
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/generics.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/generics.rs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ pub(crate) fn typing_self<'db>(
    let identity = TypeVarIdentity::new(
        db,
        ast::name::Name::new_static("Self"),
-        Some(class.definition(db)),
+        class.definition(db),
        TypeVarKind::TypingSelf,
    );
    let bounds = TypeVarBoundOrConstraints::UpperBound(Type::instance(
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/ide_support.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/ide_support.rs
@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@ pub fn definitions_for_name<'db>(
                // instead of `int` (hover only shows the docstring of the first definition).
                .rev()
                .filter_map(|ty| ty.as_nominal_instance())
-                .map(|instance| {
-                    let definition = instance.class_literal(db).definition(db);
-                    ResolvedDefinition::Definition(definition)
+                .filter_map(|instance| {
+                    let definition = instance.class_literal(db).definition(db)?;
+                    Some(ResolvedDefinition::Definition(definition))
                })
                .collect();
        }
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/infer/builder.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/infer/builder.rs
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/instance.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/instance.rs
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ impl<'db> Type<'db> {
            ClassLiteral::Dynamic(_) => {
                Type::NominalInstance(NominalInstanceType(NominalInstanceInner::NonTuple(class)))
            }
+            ClassLiteral::DynamicNamedTuple(_) => {
+                Type::NominalInstance(NominalInstanceType(NominalInstanceInner::NonTuple(class)))
+            }
            ClassLiteral::Static(class_literal) => {
                let specialization = class.into_generic_alias().map(|g| g.specialization(db));
                match class_literal.known(db) {
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/mro.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/mro.rs
@@ -500,6 +500,9 @@ impl<'db> MroIterator<'db> {
            ClassLiteral::Dynamic(literal) => {
                ClassBase::Class(ClassType::NonGeneric(literal.into()))
            }
+            ClassLiteral::DynamicNamedTuple(literal) => {
+                ClassBase::Class(ClassType::NonGeneric(literal.into()))
+            }
        }
    }

@@ -524,6 +527,11 @@ impl<'db> MroIterator<'db> {
                    full_mro_iter.next();
                    full_mro_iter
                }
+                ClassLiteral::DynamicNamedTuple(literal) => {
+                    let mut full_mro_iter = literal.mro(self.db).iter();
+                    full_mro_iter.next();
+                    full_mro_iter
+                }
            })
    }
 }
--- a/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/typed_dict.rs
+++ b/crates/ty_python_semantic/src/types/typed_dict.rs
@@ -303,14 +303,14 @@ impl<'db> TypedDictType<'db> {

    pub fn definition(self, db: &'db dyn Db) -> Option<Definition<'db>> {
        match self {
-            TypedDictType::Class(defining_class) => Some(defining_class.definition(db)),
+            TypedDictType::Class(defining_class) => defining_class.definition(db),
            TypedDictType::Synthesized(_) => None,
        }
    }

    pub fn type_definition(self, db: &'db dyn Db) -> Option<TypeDefinition<'db>> {
        match self {
-            TypedDictType::Class(defining_class) => Some(defining_class.type_definition(db)),
+            TypedDictType::Class(defining_class) => defining_class.type_definition(db),
            TypedDictType::Synthesized(_) => None,
        }
    }
--- a/playground/ty/src/Editor/Chrome.tsx
+++ b/playground/ty/src/Editor/Chrome.tsx
@@ -163,6 +163,13 @@ export default function Chrome({
    [workspace, files.index, onRemoveFile],
  );

+  const handleChange = useCallback(
+    (content: string) => {
+      onChangeFile(workspace, content);
+    },
+    [onChangeFile, workspace],
+  );
+
  const { defaultLayout, onLayoutChange } = useDefaultLayout({
    groupId: "editor-diagnostics",
    storage: localStorage,
@@ -221,7 +228,7 @@ export default function Chrome({
                    diagnostics={checkResult.diagnostics}
                    workspace={workspace}
                    onMount={handleEditorMount}
-                    onChange={(content) => onChangeFile(workspace, content)}
+                    onChange={handleChange}
                    onOpenFile={onSelectFile}
                    onVendoredFileChange={onSelectVendoredFile}
                    onBackToUserFile={handleBackToUserFile}
--- a/playground/ty/src/Playground.tsx
+++ b/playground/ty/src/Playground.tsx
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export default function Playground() {
    }
  }, [files]);

-  const handleFileAdded = (workspace: Workspace, name: string) => {
+  const handleFileAdded = useCallback((workspace: Workspace, name: string) => {
    let handle = null;

    if (name === SETTINGS_FILE_NAME) {
@@ -68,69 +68,74 @@ export default function Playground() {
    }

    dispatchFiles({ type: "add", name, handle, content: "" });
-  };
+  }, []);

-  const handleFileChanged = (workspace: Workspace, content: string) => {
-    if (files.selected == null) {
-      return;
-    }
+  const handleFileChanged = useCallback(
+    (workspace: Workspace, content: string) => {
+      if (files.selected == null) {
+        return;
+      }

-    dispatchFiles({
-      type: "change",
-      id: files.selected,
-      content,
-    });
+      const handle = files.handles[files.selected];

-    const handle = files.handles[files.selected];
+      if (handle != null) {
+        updateFile(workspace, handle, content, setError);
+      } else if (fileName === SETTINGS_FILE_NAME) {
+        updateOptions(workspace, content, setError);
+      }

-    if (handle != null) {
-      updateFile(workspace, handle, content, setError);
-    } else if (fileName === SETTINGS_FILE_NAME) {
-      updateOptions(workspace, content, setError);
-    }
-  };
+      dispatchFiles({
+        type: "change",
+        id: files.selected,
+        content,
+      });
+    },
+    [fileName, files.handles, files.selected],
+  );

-  const handleFileRenamed = (
-    workspace: Workspace,
-    file: FileId,
-    newName: string,
-  ) => {
-    if (newName.startsWith("/")) {
-      setError("File names cannot start with '/'.");
-      return;
-    }
-    if (newName.startsWith("vendored:")) {
-      setError("File names cannot start with 'vendored:'.");
-      return;
-    }
+  const handleFileRenamed = useCallback(
+    (workspace: Workspace, file: FileId, newName: string) => {
+      if (newName.startsWith("/")) {
+        setError("File names cannot start with '/'.");
+        return;
+      }
+      if (newName.startsWith("vendored:")) {
+        setError("File names cannot start with 'vendored:'.");
+        return;
+      }

-    const handle = files.handles[file];
-    let newHandle: FileHandle | null = null;
-    if (handle == null) {
-      updateOptions(workspace, null, setError);
-    } else {
-      workspace.closeFile(handle);
-    }
+      const handle = files.handles[file];
+      let newHandle: FileHandle | null = null;
+      if (handle == null) {
+        updateOptions(workspace, null, setError);
+      } else {
+        workspace.closeFile(handle);
+      }

-    if (newName === SETTINGS_FILE_NAME) {
-      updateOptions(workspace, files.contents[file], setError);
-    } else {
-      newHandle = workspace.openFile(newName, files.contents[file]);
-    }
+      if (newName === SETTINGS_FILE_NAME) {
+        updateOptions(workspace, files.contents[file], setError);
+      } else {
+        newHandle = workspace.openFile(newName, files.contents[file]);
+      }

-    dispatchFiles({ type: "rename", id: file, to: newName, newHandle });
-  };
+      dispatchFiles({ type: "rename", id: file, to: newName, newHandle });
+    },
+    [files.contents, files.handles],
+  );

-  const handleFileRemoved = (workspace: Workspace, file: FileId) => {
-    const handle = files.handles[file];
-    if (handle == null) {
-      updateOptions(workspace, null, setError);
-    } else {
-      workspace.closeFile(handle);
-    }
+  const handleFileRemoved = useCallback(
+    (workspace: Workspace, file: FileId) => {
+      const handle = files.handles[file];
+      if (handle == null) {
+        updateOptions(workspace, null, setError);
+      } else {
+        workspace.closeFile(handle);
+      }

-    dispatchFiles({ type: "remove", id: file });
-  };
+      dispatchFiles({ type: "remove", id: file });
+    },
+    [files.handles],
+  );

  const handleFileSelected = useCallback((file: FileId) => {
    dispatchFiles({ type: "selectFile", id: file });
--- a/ty.schema.json
+++ b/ty.schema.json
@@ -520,6 +520,16 @@
            }
          ]
        },
+        "ineffective-final": {
+          "title": "detects calls to `final()` that type checkers cannot interpret",
+          "description": "## What it does\nChecks for calls to `final()` that type checkers cannot interpret.\n\n## Why is this bad?\nThe `final()` function is designed to be used as a decorator. When called directly\nas a function (e.g., `final(type(...))`), type checkers will not understand the\napplication of `final` and will not prevent subclassing.\n\n## Example\n\n```python\nfrom typing import final\n\n# Incorrect: type checkers will not prevent subclassing\nMyClass = final(type(\"MyClass\", (), {}))\n\n# Correct: use `final` as a decorator\n@final\nclass MyClass: ...\n```",
+          "default": "warn",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/Level"
+            }
+          ]
+        },
        "instance-layout-conflict": {
          "title": "detects class definitions that raise `TypeError` due to instance layout conflict",
          "description": "## What it does\nChecks for classes definitions which will fail at runtime due to\n\"instance memory layout conflicts\".\n\nThis error is usually caused by attempting to combine multiple classes\nthat define non-empty `__slots__` in a class's [Method Resolution Order]\n(MRO), or by attempting to combine multiple builtin classes in a class's\nMRO.\n\n## Why is this bad?\nInheriting from bases with conflicting instance memory layouts\nwill lead to a `TypeError` at runtime.\n\nAn instance memory layout conflict occurs when CPython cannot determine\nthe memory layout instances of a class should have, because the instance\nmemory layout of one of its bases conflicts with the instance memory layout\nof one or more of its other bases.\n\nFor example, if a Python class defines non-empty `__slots__`, this will\nimpact the memory layout of instances of that class. Multiple inheritance\nfrom more than one different class defining non-empty `__slots__` is not\nallowed:\n\n```python\nclass A:\n    __slots__ = (\"a\", \"b\")\n\nclass B:\n    __slots__ = (\"a\", \"b\")  # Even if the values are the same\n\n# TypeError: multiple bases have instance lay-out conflict\nclass C(A, B): ...\n```\n\nAn instance layout conflict can also be caused by attempting to use\nmultiple inheritance with two builtin classes, due to the way that these\nclasses are implemented in a CPython C extension:\n\n```python\nclass A(int, float): ...  # TypeError: multiple bases have instance lay-out conflict\n```\n\nNote that pure-Python classes with no `__slots__`, or pure-Python classes\nwith empty `__slots__`, are always compatible:\n\n```python\nclass A: ...\nclass B:\n    __slots__ = ()\nclass C:\n    __slots__ = (\"a\", \"b\")\n\n# fine\nclass D(A, B, C): ...\n```\n\n## Known problems\nClasses that have \"dynamic\" definitions of `__slots__` (definitions do not consist\nof string literals, or tuples of string literals) are not currently considered disjoint\nbases by ty.\n\nAdditionally, this check is not exhaustive: many C extensions (including several in\nthe standard library) define classes that use extended memory layouts and thus cannot\ncoexist in a single MRO. Since it is currently not possible to represent this fact in\nstub files, having a full knowledge of these classes is also impossible. When it comes\nto classes that do not define `__slots__` at the Python level, therefore, ty, currently\nonly hard-codes a number of cases where it knows that a class will produce instances with\nan atypical memory layout.\n\n## Further reading\n- [CPython documentation: `__slots__`](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#slots)\n- [CPython documentation: Method Resolution Order](https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-method-resolution-order)\n\n[Method Resolution Order]: https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-method-resolution-order",
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Charlie Marsh	87eec9bb51	[ty] Show dynamic NamedTuple defaults in signature (#22574 ) ## Summary Follow-up from https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22327.	2026-01-14 18:28:23 +00:00
Micha Reiser	eaed0d9b5c	[ty] Fix flaky completions (#22576 )	2026-01-14 19:23:38 +01:00
Charlie Marsh	eb96456e1e	[ty] Synthesize an empty `__slots__` for named tuples (#22573 ) ## Summary Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues/2490.	2026-01-14 18:22:27 +00:00
Charlie Marsh	3e0299488e	[ty] Add support for functional `namedtuple` creation (#22327 ) ## Summary This PR is intended to demonstrate how the pattern established in https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22291 generalizes to other class "kinds". Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues/1049. --------- Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <alex.waygood@gmail.com>	2026-01-14 17:41:04 +00:00
Alex Waygood	7f0ce3e88d	[ty] Infer `type[Unknown]` for calls to `type()` when overload evaluation is ambiguous (#22569 ) Co-authored-by: Charlie Marsh <charlie.r.marsh@gmail.com>	2026-01-14 14:23:07 +00:00
Charlie Marsh	ba0736385d	[ty] Add a diagnostic for non-decorator uses of final (#22555 ) ## Summary See: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22499#discussion_r2687263390.	2026-01-14 09:14:59 -05:00
Charlie Marsh	e41f045ec5	[ty] Emit diagnostics for invalid base classes in `type(...)` (#22499 ) ## Summary Tackles a few TODOs from https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/22291.	2026-01-14 08:56:04 -05:00
Charlie Marsh	b24afb643c	[ty] Support 'dangling' `type(...)` constructors (#22537 ) ## Summary This PR adds support for 'dangling' `type(...)` constructors, e.g.: ```python class Foo(type("Bar", ...)): ... ``` As opposed to: ```python Bar = type("Bar", ...) ``` The former doesn't have a `Definition` since it doesn't get bound to a place, so we instead need to store the `NodeIndex`. Per @MichaReiser's suggestion, we can use a Salsa tracked struct for this.	2026-01-14 08:48:53 -05:00
Aryan Bagade	853bb00626	[ty] Improve rendering of ReST directives in docstrings (#22512 )	2026-01-14 12:33:07 +00:00