Bump version to 0.0.71

Only run section checks when CheckCodes are enabled
Implement D407, D408, D409, D412, and D414 (#413 )
2022-10-12 17:14:28 -04:00 · 2022-10-12 17:14:16 -04:00 · 2022-10-12 17:12:54 -04:00 · 2022-10-12 16:31:14 -04:00 · 2022-10-12 13:20:55 -04:00 · 2022-10-12 12:59:14 -04:00
158 changed files with 9069 additions and 1189 deletions
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ your proposed change.
 ruff is written in Rust (1.63.0). You'll need to install the
 [Rust toolchain](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install) for development.

+You'll also need [Insta](https://insta.rs/docs/) to update snapshot tests:
+
+```shell
+cargo install cargo-insta
+```
+
 ### Development

 After cloning the repository, run ruff locally with:
@@ -58,7 +64,7 @@ similar rules are implemented.
 To add a test fixture, create a file under `resources/test/fixtures`, named to match the `CheckCode`
 you defined earlier (e.g., `E402.py`). This file should contain a variety of violations and
 non-violations designed to evaluate and demonstrate the behavior of your lint rule. Run ruff locally
-with (e.g.) `cargo run resources/test/fixtures/E402.py`. Once you're satisified with the output,
+with (e.g.) `cargo run resources/test/fixtures/E402.py`. Once you're satisfied with the output,
 codify the behavior as a snapshot test by adding a new function to the `mod tests` section of
 `src/linter.rs`, like so:

--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -64,6 +64,20 @@ dependencies = [
 "term",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "assert_cmd"
+version = "2.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93ae1ddd39efd67689deb1979d80bad3bf7f2b09c6e6117c8d1f2443b5e2f83e"
+dependencies = [
+ "bstr",
+ "doc-comment",
+ "predicates",
+ "predicates-core",
+ "predicates-tree",
+ "wait-timeout",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "async-channel"
 version = "1.7.1"
@@ -580,6 +594,12 @@ version = "0.1.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "56254986775e3233ffa9c4d7d3faaf6d36a2c09d30b20687e9f88bc8bafc16c8"

+[[package]]
+name = "difflib"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6184e33543162437515c2e2b48714794e37845ec9851711914eec9d308f6ebe8"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "digest"
 version = "0.8.1"
@@ -658,6 +678,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "winapi 0.3.9",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "doc-comment"
+version = "0.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fea41bba32d969b513997752735605054bc0dfa92b4c56bf1189f2e174be7a10"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.8.0"
@@ -1089,6 +1115,12 @@ version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6c8af84674fe1f223a982c933a0ee1086ac4d4052aa0fb8060c12c6ad838e754"

+[[package]]
+name = "joinery"
+version = "2.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72167d68f5fce3b8655487b8038691a3c9984ee769590f93f2a631f4ad64e4f5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
 version = "0.3.60"
@@ -1685,6 +1717,33 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "925383efa346730478fb4838dbe9137d2a47675ad789c546d150a6e1dd4ab31c"

+[[package]]
+name = "predicates"
+version = "2.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a5aab5be6e4732b473071984b3164dbbfb7a3674d30ea5ff44410b6bcd960c3c"
+dependencies = [
+ "difflib",
+ "itertools",
+ "predicates-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "predicates-core"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "da1c2388b1513e1b605fcec39a95e0a9e8ef088f71443ef37099fa9ae6673fcb"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "predicates-tree"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4d86de6de25020a36c6d3643a86d9a6a9f552107c0559c60ea03551b5e16c032"
+dependencies = [
+ "predicates-core",
+ "termtree",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro-error"
 version = "1.0.4"
@@ -1907,9 +1966,10 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ruff"
-version = "0.0.55"
+version = "0.0.71"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
+ "assert_cmd",
 "bincode",
 "cacache",
 "chrono",
@@ -1926,6 +1986,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "libcst",
 "log",
 "notify",
+ "num-bigint",
 "once_cell",
 "path-absolutize",
 "rayon",
@@ -1935,6 +1996,9 @@ dependencies = [
 "rustpython-parser",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
+ "strum",
+ "strum_macros",
+ "titlecase",
 "toml",
 "update-informer",
 "walkdir",
@@ -1955,7 +2019,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-ast"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "num-bigint",
 "rustpython-common",
@@ -1965,7 +2029,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-common"
 version = "0.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "ascii",
 "cfg-if 1.0.0",
@@ -1988,7 +2052,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-compiler-core"
 version = "0.1.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "bincode",
 "bitflags",
@@ -2005,7 +2069,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-parser"
 version = "0.1.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "anyhow",
@@ -2252,6 +2316,28 @@ version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "73473c0e59e6d5812c5dfe2a064a6444949f089e20eec9a2e5506596494e4623"

+[[package]]
+name = "strum"
+version = "0.24.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "063e6045c0e62079840579a7e47a355ae92f60eb74daaf156fb1e84ba164e63f"
+dependencies = [
+ "strum_macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "strum_macros"
+version = "0.24.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e385be0d24f186b4ce2f9982191e7101bb737312ad61c1f2f984f34bcf85d59"
+dependencies = [
+ "heck",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "rustversion",
+ "syn",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
 version = "1.0.101"
@@ -2320,6 +2406,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "phf_codegen 0.8.0",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "termtree"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "507e9898683b6c43a9aa55b64259b721b52ba226e0f3779137e50ad114a4c90b"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
 version = "1.0.37"
@@ -2375,6 +2467,17 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cda74da7e1a664f795bb1f8a87ec406fb89a02522cf6e50620d016add6dbbf5c"

+[[package]]
+name = "titlecase"
+version = "2.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "38397a8cdb017cfeb48bf6c154d6de975ac69ffeed35980fde199d2ee0842042"
+dependencies = [
+ "joinery",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "regex",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "toml"
 version = "0.5.9"
@@ -2568,6 +2671,15 @@ version = "0.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f8e76fae08f03f96e166d2dfda232190638c10e0383841252416f9cfe2ae60e6"

+[[package]]
+name = "wait-timeout"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9f200f5b12eb75f8c1ed65abd4b2db8a6e1b138a20de009dacee265a2498f3f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "waker-fn"
 version = "1.1.0"
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "ruff"
-version = "0.0.55"
+version = "0.0.71"
 edition = "2021"

 [lib]
@@ -27,16 +27,21 @@ once_cell = { version = "1.13.1" }
 path-absolutize = { version = "3.0.13", features = ["once_cell_cache"] }
 rayon = { version = "1.5.3" }
 regex = { version = "1.6.0" }
-rustpython-ast = { features = ["unparse"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
-rustpython-parser = { features = ["lalrpop"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
-rustpython-common = { git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
+rustpython-ast = { features = ["unparse"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
+rustpython-parser = { features = ["lalrpop"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
+rustpython-common = { git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
 serde = { version = "1.0.143", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.83" }
 toml = { version = "0.5.9" }
 update-informer = { version = "0.5.0", default_features = false, features = ["pypi"], optional = true }
 walkdir = { version = "2.3.2" }
+strum = { version = "0.24.1", features = ["strum_macros"] }
+strum_macros = "0.24.3"
+num-bigint = "0.4.3"
+titlecase = "2.2.1"

 [dev-dependencies]
+assert_cmd = "2.0.4"
 insta = { version = "1.19.1", features = ["yaml"] }

 [features]
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ ruff also works with [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com):
 ```yaml
 repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.0.48
+    rev: v0.0.71
    hooks:
      - id: lint
 ```
@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ Options:
          Enable automatic additions of noqa directives to failing lines
      --dummy-variable-rgx <DUMMY_VARIABLE_RGX>
          Regular expression matching the name of dummy variables
+      --target-version <TARGET_VERSION>
+          The minimum Python version that should be supported
  -h, --help
          Print help information
  -V, --version
@@ -213,7 +215,10 @@ ruff also implements some of the most popular Flake8 plugins natively, including
 - [`flake8-builtins`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-builtins/)
 - [`flake8-super`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-super/)
 - [`flake8-print`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-print/)
- [`pyupgrade`](https://pypi.org/project/pyupgrade/) (partial)
+- [`flake8-comprehensions`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-comprehensions/) (12/16)
+- [`flake8-bugbear`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-bugbear/) (3/32)
+- [`flake8-docstrings`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-docstrings/) (37/48)
+- [`pyupgrade`](https://pypi.org/project/pyupgrade/) (8/34)

 Beyond rule-set parity, ruff suffers from the following limitations vis-à-vis Flake8:

@@ -243,6 +248,7 @@ The 🛠 emoji indicates that a rule is automatically fixable by the `--fix` com
 | E743 | AmbiguousFunctionName | Ambiguous function name: `...` | ✅ |  |
 | E902 | IOError | IOError: `...` | ✅ |  |
 | E999 | SyntaxError | SyntaxError: `...` | ✅ |  |
+| W292 | NoNewLineAtEndOfFile | No newline at end of file | ✅ |  |
 | F401 | UnusedImport | `...` imported but unused | ✅ | 🛠 |
 | F402 | ImportShadowedByLoopVar | Import `...` from line 1 shadowed by loop variable | ✅ |  |
 | F403 | ImportStarUsed | `from ... import *` used; unable to detect undefined names | ✅ |  |
@@ -274,12 +280,68 @@ The 🛠 emoji indicates that a rule is automatically fixable by the `--fix` com
 | A001 | BuiltinVariableShadowing | Variable `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
 | A002 | BuiltinArgumentShadowing | Argument `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
 | A003 | BuiltinAttributeShadowing | Class attribute `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
-| SPR001 | SuperCallWithParameters | Use `super()` instead of `super(__class__, self)` |  | 🛠 |
+| B011 | DoNotAssertFalse | Do not `assert False` (`python -O` removes these calls), raise `AssertionError()` |  | 🛠 |
+| B014 | DuplicateHandlerException | Exception handler with duplicate exception: `ValueError` |  | 🛠 |
+| B025 | DuplicateTryBlockException | try-except block with duplicate exception `Exception` |  |  |
+| C400 | UnnecessaryGeneratorList | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a list comprehension |  |  |
+| C401 | UnnecessaryGeneratorSet | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a set comprehension |  |  |
+| C402 | UnnecessaryGeneratorDict | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a dict comprehension |  |  |
+| C403 | UnnecessaryListComprehensionSet | Unnecessary list comprehension - rewrite as a set comprehension |  |  |
+| C404 | UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict | Unnecessary list comprehension - rewrite as a dict comprehension |  |  |
+| C405 | UnnecessaryLiteralSet | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal - rewrite as a set literal |  |  |
+| C406 | UnnecessaryLiteralDict | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal - rewrite as a dict literal |  |  |
+| C408 | UnnecessaryCollectionCall | Unnecessary <dict/list/tuple> call - rewrite as a literal |  |  |
+| C409 | UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal passed to tuple() - remove the outer call to tuple() |  |  |
+| C410 | UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal passed to list() - rewrite as a list literal |  |  |
+| C414 | UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess | Unnecessary <list/reversed/set/sorted/tuple> call within <list/set/sorted/tuple>(). |  |  |
+| C415 | UnnecessarySubscriptReversal | Unnecessary subscript reversal of iterable within <reversed/set/sorted>() |  |  |
 | T201 | PrintFound | `print` found |  | 🛠 |
 | T203 | PPrintFound | `pprint` found |  | 🛠 |
 | U001 | UselessMetaclassType | `__metaclass__ = type` is implied |  | 🛠 |
-| R001 | UselessObjectInheritance | Class `...` inherits from object |  | 🛠 |
-| R002 | NoAssertEquals | `assertEquals` is deprecated, use `assertEqual` instead |  | 🛠 |
+| U002 | UnnecessaryAbspath | `abspath(__file__)` is unnecessary in Python 3.9 and later |  | 🛠 |
+| U003 | TypeOfPrimitive | Use `str` instead of `type(...)` |  | 🛠 |
+| U004 | UselessObjectInheritance | Class `...` inherits from object |  | 🛠 |
+| U005 | DeprecatedUnittestAlias | `assertEquals` is deprecated, use `assertEqual` instead |  | 🛠 |
+| U006 | UsePEP585Annotation | Use `list` instead of `List` for type annotations |  | 🛠 |
+| U007 | UsePEP604Annotation | Use `X \| Y` for type annotations |  | 🛠 |
+| U008 | SuperCallWithParameters | Use `super()` instead of `super(__class__, self)` |  | 🛠 |
+| D100 | PublicModule | Missing docstring in public module |  |  |
+| D101 | PublicClass | Missing docstring in public class |  |  |
+| D102 | PublicMethod | Missing docstring in public method |  |  |
+| D103 | PublicFunction | Missing docstring in public function |  |  |
+| D104 | PublicPackage | Missing docstring in public package |  |  |
+| D105 | MagicMethod | Missing docstring in magic method |  |  |
+| D106 | PublicNestedClass | Missing docstring in public nested class |  |  |
+| D107 | PublicInit | Missing docstring in __init__ |  |  |
+| D200 | FitsOnOneLine | One-line docstring should fit on one line |  |  |
+| D205 | NoBlankLineAfterSummary | 1 blank line required between summary line and description |  |  |
+| D209 | NewLineAfterLastParagraph | Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line |  |  |
+| D210 | NoSurroundingWhitespace | No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text |  |  |
+| D212 | MultiLineSummaryFirstLine | Multi-line docstring summary should start at the first line |  |  |
+| D213 | MultiLineSummarySecondLine | Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line |  |  |
+| D300 | UsesTripleQuotes | Use """triple double quotes""" |  |  |
+| D400 | EndsInPeriod | First line should end with a period |  |  |
+| D402 | NoSignature | First line should not be the function's 'signature' |  |  |
+| D403 | FirstLineCapitalized | First word of the first line should be properly capitalized |  |  |
+| D404 | NoThisPrefix | First word of the docstring should not be `This` |  |  |
+| D415 | EndsInPunctuation | First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point |  |  |
+| D418 | SkipDocstring | Function decorated with @overload shouldn't contain a docstring |  |  |
+| D419 | NonEmpty | Docstring is empty |  |  |
+| D201 | NoBlankLineBeforeFunction | No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1) |  |  |
+| D202 | NoBlankLineAfterFunction | No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1) |  |  |
+| D211 | NoBlankLineBeforeClass | No blank lines allowed before class docstring |  |  |
+| D203 | OneBlankLineBeforeClass | 1 blank line required before class docstring |  |  |
+| D204 | OneBlankLineAfterClass | 1 blank line required after class docstring |  |  |
+| D405 | CapitalizeSectionName | Section name should be properly capitalized ("returns") |  |  |
+| D413 | BlankLineAfterLastSection | Missing blank line after last section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D410 | BlankLineAfterSection | Missing blank line after section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D411 | BlankLineBeforeSection | Missing blank line before section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D406 | NewLineAfterSectionName | Section name should end with a newline ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D407 | DashedUnderlineAfterSection | Missing dashed underline after section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D408 | SectionUnderlineAfterName | Section underline should be in the line following the section's name ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D409 | SectionUnderlineMatchesSectionLength | Section underline should match the length of its name ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D412 | NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent | No blank lines allowed between a section header and its content ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D414 | NonEmptySection | Section has no content ("Returns") |  |  |
 | M001 | UnusedNOQA | Unused `noqa` directive |  | 🛠 |

 ## Integrations
@@ -307,9 +369,9 @@ jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - name: Install Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
        with:
          python-version: "3.10"
      - name: Install dependencies
--- a/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
+++ b/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 /// Generate a Markdown-compatible table of supported lint rules.
-use ruff::checks::{CheckCode, ALL_CHECK_CODES, DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES};
+use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
+
+use ruff::checks::{CheckCode, DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES};

 fn main() {
-    let mut check_codes: Vec<CheckCode> = ALL_CHECK_CODES.to_vec();
-    check_codes.sort();
-
    println!("| Code | Name | Message |     |     |");
    println!("| ---- | ---- | ------- | --- | --- |");
-    for check_code in check_codes {
+    for check_code in CheckCode::iter() {
        let check_kind = check_code.kind();
        let default_token = if DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES.contains(&check_code) {
            "✅"
@@ -17,9 +16,9 @@ fn main() {
        let fix_token = if check_kind.fixable() { "🛠" } else { "" };
        println!(
            "| {} | {} | {} | {} | {} |",
-            check_kind.code().as_str(),
-            check_kind.name(),
-            check_kind.body(),
+            check_kind.code().as_ref(),
+            check_kind.as_ref(),
+            check_kind.body().replace("|", r"\|"),
            default_token,
            fix_token
        );
--- a/output.py
+++ b/output.py
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-from collections import Counter
-
-
-def f() -> None:
-    """Docstring goes here."""
-    for x in range(5):
-        print(x)
-    else:
-        print("Nope!")
-
-
-a = {
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-    "a",
-    "b",
-    "c",
-}
-
-cls(title=title, before_text=before_text, after_text=after_text, before_description=before_description, after_description=after_description, transform_type=transform_type)
-
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B011.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B011.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B011 - on line 8
+B011 - on line 10
+"""
+
+assert 1 != 2
+assert False
+assert 1 != 2, "message"
+assert False, "message"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B014.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B014.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B014 - on lines 11, 17, 28, 42, 49, 56, and 74.
+"""
+
+import binascii
+import re
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (Exception, TypeError):
+    # TypeError is a subclass of Exception, so it doesn't add anything
+    pass
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (OSError, OSError) as err:
+    # Duplicate exception types are useless
+    pass
+
+
+class MyError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, MyError):
+    # Detect duplicate non-builtin errors
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, Exception) as e:
+    # Don't assume that we're all subclasses of Exception
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, BaseException) as e:
+    # But we *can* assume that everything is a subclass of BaseException
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (re.error, re.error):
+    # Duplicate exception types as attributes
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (IOError, EnvironmentError, OSError):
+    # Detect if a primary exception and any its aliases are present.
+    #
+    # Since Python 3.3, IOError, EnvironmentError, WindowsError, mmap.error,
+    # socket.error and select.error are aliases of OSError. See PEP 3151 for
+    # more info.
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyException, NotImplemented):
+    # NotImplemented is not an exception, let's not crash on it.
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (ValueError, binascii.Error):
+    # binascii.Error is a subclass of ValueError.
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B025.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B025.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B025 - on lines 15, 22, 31
+"""
+
+import pickle
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+finally:
+    a = 3
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except pickle.PickleError:
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except pickle.PickleError:
+    a = 2
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except (ValueError, TypeError):
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except (OSError, TypeError):
+    a = 2
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C400.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C400.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+x = list(x for x in range(3))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C401.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C401.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+x = set(x for x in range(3))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C402.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C402.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+d = dict((x, x) for x in range(3))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C403.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C403.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+s = set([x for x in range(3)])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C404.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C404.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+d = dict([(i, i) for i in range(3)])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C405.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C405.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+s1 = set([1, 2])
+s2 = set((1, 2))
+s3 = set([])
+s4 = set(())
+s5 = set()
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C406.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C406.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+d1 = dict([(1, 2)])
+d2 = dict(((1, 2),))
+d3 = dict([])
+d4 = dict(())
+d5 = dict()
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C408.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C408.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+t = tuple()
+l = list()
+d1 = dict()
+d2 = dict(a=1)
+d3 = dict(**d2)
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C409.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C409.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+t1 = tuple([1, 2])
+t2 = tuple((1, 2))
+t3 = tuple([])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C410.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C410.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+l1 = list([1, 2])
+l2 = list((1, 2))
+l3 = list([])
+l4 = list(())
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C414.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C414.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+x = [1, 2, 3]
+list(list(x))
+list(tuple(x))
+tuple(list(x))
+tuple(tuple(x))
+set(set(x))
+set(list(x))
+set(tuple(x))
+set(sorted(x))
+set(reversed(x))
+sorted(list(x))
+sorted(tuple(x))
+sorted(sorted(x))
+sorted(reversed(x))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C415.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C415.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+lst = [2, 1, 3]
+a = set(lst[::-1])
+b = reversed(lst[::-1])
+c = sorted(lst[::-1])
+d = sorted(lst[::-1], reverse=True)
+e = set(lst[2:-1])
+f = set(lst[:1:-1])
+g = set(lst[::1])
+h = set(lst[::-2])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/D.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/D.py
@@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
+# No docstring, so we can test D100
+from functools import wraps
+import os
+from .expected import Expectation
+from typing import overload
+
+
+expectation = Expectation()
+expect = expectation.expect
+
+expect('class_', 'D101: Missing docstring in public class')
+
+
+class class_:
+
+    expect('meta', 'D419: Docstring is empty')
+
+    class meta:
+        """"""
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def method(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    def _ok_since_private(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @overload
+    def overloaded_method(self, a: int) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def overloaded_method(self, a: str) -> str:
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        ...
+
+    def overloaded_method(a):
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        return str(a)
+
+    expect('overloaded_method',
+           "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+           " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+    @property
+    def foo(self):
+        """The foo of the thing, which isn't in imperitive mood."""
+        return "hello"
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def __new__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D107: Missing docstring in __init__')
+    def __init__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D105: Missing docstring in magic method')
+    def __str__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def __call__(self=None, x=None, y=None, z=None):
+        pass
+
+
+@expect('D419: Docstring is empty')
+def function():
+    """ """
+    def ok_since_nested():
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D419: Docstring is empty')
+    def nested():
+        ''
+
+
+def function_with_nesting():
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    @overload
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a: int) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a: str) -> str:
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        ...
+
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a):
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        return str(a)
+
+
+expect('nested_overloaded_func',
+       "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+       " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+
+@overload
+def overloaded_func(a: int) -> str:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def overloaded_func(a: str) -> str:
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    ...
+
+
+def overloaded_func(a):
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    return str(a)
+
+
+expect('overloaded_func',
+       "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+       " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+
+@expect('D200: One-line docstring should fit on one line with quotes '
+        '(found 3)')
+@expect('D212: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the first line')
+def asdlkfasd():
+    """
+    Wrong.
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D201: No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1)')
+def leading_space():
+
+    """Leading space."""
+
+
+@expect('D202: No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1)')
+def trailing_space():
+    """Leading space."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D201: No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1)')
+@expect('D202: No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1)')
+def trailing_and_leading_space():
+
+    """Trailing and leading space."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+expect('LeadingSpaceMissing',
+       'D203: 1 blank line required before class docstring (found 0)')
+
+
+class LeadingSpaceMissing:
+    """Leading space missing."""
+
+
+expect('WithLeadingSpace',
+       'D211: No blank lines allowed before class docstring (found 1)')
+
+
+class WithLeadingSpace:
+
+    """With leading space."""
+
+
+expect('TrailingSpace',
+       'D204: 1 blank line required after class docstring (found 0)')
+expect('TrailingSpace',
+       'D211: No blank lines allowed before class docstring (found 1)')
+
+
+class TrailingSpace:
+
+    """TrailingSpace."""
+    pass
+
+
+expect('LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing',
+       'D203: 1 blank line required before class docstring (found 0)')
+expect('LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing',
+       'D204: 1 blank line required after class docstring (found 0)')
+
+
+class LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing:
+    """Leading and trailing space missing."""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description '
+        '(found 0)')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_zero_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description '
+        '(found 2)')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_two_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+
+
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_one_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D207: Docstring is under-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdf():
+    """Summary.
+
+Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D207: Docstring is under-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdsdfsdffsdf():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+"""
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+       Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdsdfsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+        """
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdfsdsdsdfsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+        Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D209: Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate '
+        'line')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfljdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description."""
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+def endswith():
+    """Whitespace at the end. """
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+def around():
+    """ Whitespace at everywhere. """
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multiline():
+    """ Whitespace at the beginning.
+
+    This is the end.
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'\'\'-quotes)')
+def triple_single_quotes_raw():
+    r'''Summary.'''
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'\'\'-quotes)')
+def triple_single_quotes_raw_uppercase():
+    R'''Summary.'''
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+def single_quotes_raw():
+    r'Summary.'
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+def single_quotes_raw_uppercase():
+    R'Summary.'
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def single_quotes_raw_uppercase_backslash():
+    R'Sum\mary.'
+
+
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def double_quotes_backslash():
+    """Sum\\mary."""
+
+
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def double_quotes_backslash_uppercase():
+    R"""Sum\\mary."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def exceptions_of_D301():
+    """Exclude some backslashes from D301.
+
+    In particular, line continuations \
+    and unicode literals \u0394 and \N{GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA}.
+    They are considered to be intentionally unescaped.
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'y')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'y')")
+def lwnlkjl():
+    """Summary"""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Return', not 'Returns')")
+def liouiwnlkjl():
+    """Returns foo."""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood; try rephrasing "
+        "(found 'Constructor')")
+def sdgfsdg23245():
+    """Constructor for a foo."""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood; try rephrasing "
+        "(found 'Constructor')")
+def sdgfsdg23245777():
+    """Constructor."""
+
+
+@expect('D402: First line should not be the function\'s "signature"')
+def foobar():
+    """Signature: foobar()."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def new_209():
+    """First line.
+
+    More lines.
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def old_209():
+    """One liner.
+
+    Multi-line comments. OK to have extra blank line
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D103: Missing docstring in public function")
+def oneliner_d102(): return
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'r')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark,"
+        " or exclamation point (not 'r')")
+def oneliner_withdoc(): """One liner"""
+
+
+def ignored_decorator(func):   # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    func()
+    pass
+
+
+def decorator_for_test(func):   # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    func()
+    pass
+
+
+@ignored_decorator
+def oneliner_ignored_decorator(): """One liner"""
+
+
+@decorator_for_test
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'r')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark,"
+        " or exclamation point (not 'r')")
+def oneliner_with_decorator_expecting_errors(): """One liner"""
+
+
+@decorator_for_test
+def valid_oneliner_with_decorator(): """One liner."""
+
+
+@expect("D207: Docstring is under-indented")
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def docstring_start_in_same_line(): """First Line.
+
+    Second Line
+    """
+
+
+def function_with_lambda_arg(x=lambda y: y):
+    """Wrap the given lambda."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def a_following_valid_function(x=None):
+    """Check for a bug where the previous function caused an assertion.
+
+    The assertion was caused in the next function, so this one is necessary.
+
+    """
+
+
+def outer_function():
+    """Do something."""
+    def inner_function():
+        """Do inner something."""
+        return 0
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'g')")
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Run', not 'Runs')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'g')")
+def docstring_bad():
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+def docstring_bad_ignore_all():  # noqa
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+def docstring_bad_ignore_one():  # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Run', not 'Runs')")
+def docstring_ignore_some_violations_but_catch_D401():  # noqa: E501,D400,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect(
+    "D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+    "(perhaps 'Initiate', not 'Initiates')"
+)
+def docstring_initiates():
+    """Initiates the process."""
+
+
+@expect(
+    "D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+    "(perhaps 'Initialize', not 'Initializes')"
+)
+def docstring_initializes():
+    """Initializes the process."""
+
+
+@wraps(docstring_bad_ignore_one)
+def bad_decorated_function():
+    """Bad (E501) but decorated"""
+    pass
+
+
+def valid_google_string():  # noqa: D400
+    """Test a valid something!"""
+
+
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'g')")
+def bad_google_string():  # noqa: D400
+    """Test a valid something"""
+
+
+# This is reproducing a bug where AttributeError is raised when parsing class
+# parameters as functions for Google / Numpy conventions.
+class Blah:  # noqa: D203,D213
+    """A Blah.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    x : int
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, x):
+        pass
+
+
+expect(os.path.normcase(__file__ if __file__[-1] != 'c' else __file__[:-1]),
+       'D100: Missing docstring in public module')
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_0.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_0.py
@@ -65,3 +65,24 @@ b = Union["Nut", None]
 c = cast("Vegetable", b)

 Field = lambda default=MISSING: field(default=default)
+
+
+# Test: access a sub-importation via an alias.
+import pyarrow as pa
+import pyarrow.csv
+
+print(pa.csv.read_csv("test.csv"))
+
+
+# Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias.
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_1.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""Access a sub-importation via an alias."""
+import pyarrow as pa
+import pyarrow.csv
+
+print(pa.csv.read_csv("test.csv"))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_2.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias."""
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_3.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias (with future annotations)."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = np.int8 | np.int16
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_4.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias (with future annotations and quotes)."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F404.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F404.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
 """Docstring"""
 from __future__ import absolute_import

--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F821.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F821.py
@@ -89,3 +89,45 @@ A = (
    f'B'
    f'{B}'
 )
+
+
+from typing import Annotated, Literal
+
+
+def arbitrary_callable() -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+class PEP593Test:
+    field: Annotated[
+        int,
+        "base64",
+        arbitrary_callable(),
+        123,
+        (1, 2, 3),
+    ]
+    field_with_stringified_type: Annotated[
+        "PEP593Test",
+        123,
+    ]
+    field_with_undefined_stringified_type: Annotated[
+        "PEP593Test123",
+        123,
+    ]
+    field_with_nested_subscript: Annotated[
+        dict[Literal["foo"], str],
+        123,
+    ]
+    field_with_undefined_nested_subscript: Annotated[
+        dict["foo", "bar"],  # Expected to fail as undefined.
+        123,
+    ]
+
+
+def in_ipython_notebook() -> bool:
+    try:
+        # autoimported by notebooks
+        get_ipython()  # type: ignore[name-defined]
+    except NameError:
+        return False  # not in notebook
+    return True
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/M001.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/M001.py
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ def f() -> None:
    # Invalid
    d = 1  # noqa: F841, E501

+    # Invalid (and unimplemented)
+    d = 1  # noqa: F841, W191
+

 # Valid
 _ = """Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/R002.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/R002.py
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-self.assertEquals (1, 2)
-self.assertEquals(1, 2)
-self.assertEqual(3, 4)
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U002.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U002.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from os.path import abspath
+
+x = abspath(__file__)
+
+
+import os
+
+
+y = os.path.abspath(__file__)
+
+
+from os import path
+
+
+z = path.abspath(__file__)
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U003.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U003.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+type('')
+type(b'')
+type(0)
+type(0.)
+type(0j)
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U004.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U004.py
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U005.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U005.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import unittest
+
+
+class Suite(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test(self) -> None:
+        self.assertEquals (1, 2)
+        self.assertEquals(1, 2)
+        self.assertEqual(3, 4)
+        self.failUnlessAlmostEqual(1, 1.1)
+        self.assertNotRegexpMatches("a", "b")
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U006.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U006.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import List
+
+
+def f(x: List[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.List[str]) -> None:
+    ...
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U007.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U007.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def f(x: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.Optional[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+from typing import Union
+
+
+def f(x: Union[str, int, Union[float, bytes]]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.Union[str, int]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+from typing import Union
+
+
+def f(x: "Union[str, int, Union[float, bytes]]") -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: "typing.Union[str, int]") -> None:
+    ...
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_0.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_0.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_1.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass  # noqa: W292
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_2.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/sections.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/sections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+"""A valid module docstring."""
+
+from .expected import Expectation
+
+expectation = Expectation()
+expect = expectation.expect
+
+
+_D213 = 'D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line'
+_D400 = "D400: First line should end with a period (not '!')"
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D405: Section name should be properly capitalized "
+        "('Returns', not 'returns')")
+def not_capitalized():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D406: Section name should end with a newline "
+        "('Returns', not 'Returns:')")
+def superfluous_suffix():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns:
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Returns')")
+def no_underline():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def no_underline_and_no_description():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D410: Missing blank line after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Yields')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Yields')")
+def consecutive_sections():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Yields
+    ------
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    Questions.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D408: Section underline should be in the line following the "
+        "section's name ('Returns')")
+def blank_line_before_underline():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D409: Section underline should match the length of its name "
+        "(Expected 7 dashes in section 'Returns', got 2)")
+def bad_underline_length():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    --
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D413: Missing blank line after last section ('Returns')")
+def no_blank_line_after_last_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Returns')")
+def no_blank_line_before_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    The function's description.
+    Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D214: Section is over-indented ('Returns')")
+def section_overindented():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+        Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D215: Section underline is over-indented (in section 'Returns')")
+def section_underline_overindented():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+        -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D215: Section underline is over-indented (in section 'Returns')")
+@expect("D413: Missing blank line after last section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def section_underline_overindented_and_contentless():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+        -------
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def ignore_non_actual_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    This is the function's description, which will also specify what it
+    returns
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Return', not 'Returns')")
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 's')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question "
+        "mark, or exclamation point (not 's')")
+@expect("D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description "
+        "(found 0)")
+def section_name_in_first_line():  # noqa: D416
+    """Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D405: Section name should be properly capitalized "
+        "('Short Summary', not 'Short summary')")
+@expect("D412: No blank lines allowed between a section header and its "
+        "content ('Short Summary')")
+@expect("D409: Section underline should match the length of its name "
+        "(Expected 7 dashes in section 'Returns', got 6)")
+@expect("D410: Missing blank line after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Raises')")
+@expect("D406: Section name should end with a newline "
+        "('Raises', not 'Raises:')")
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Raises')")
+def multiple_sections():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Short summary
+    -------------
+
+    This is the function's description, which will also specify what it
+    returns.
+
+    Returns
+    ------
+    Many many wonderful things.
+    Raises:
+    My attention.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def false_positive_section_prefix():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    attributes_are_fun: attributes for the function.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def section_names_as_parameter_names():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    notes : list
+        A list of wonderful notes.
+    examples: list
+        A list of horrible examples.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def valid_google_style_section():  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args:
+        note: A random string.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    Raises:
+        RandomError: A random error that occurs randomly.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D416: Section name should end with a colon "
+        "('Args:', not 'Args')")
+def missing_colon_google_style_section():  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args
+        note: A random string.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'bar' docstring)", func_name="bar")
+def _test_nested_functions():
+    x = 1
+
+    def bar(y=2):  # noqa: D207, D213, D406, D407
+        """Nested function test for docstrings.
+
+        Will this work when referencing x?
+
+        Args:
+            x: Test something
+that is broken.
+
+        """
+        print(x)
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'test_missing_google_args' docstring)")
+def test_missing_google_args(x=1, y=2, _private=3):  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args:
+        x (int): The greatest integer.
+
+    """
+
+
+class TestGoogle:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    def test_method(self, test, another_test, _):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            test: A parameter.
+            another_test: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args(self, test, x, y, z=3, _private_arg=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_class_method' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args_class_method(cls, test, x, y, _, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter. The parameter below is missing description.
+            y:
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_static_method' docstring)", arg_count=4)
+    def test_missing_args_static_method(a, x, y, _test, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, b are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_docstring' docstring)", arg_count=2)
+    def test_missing_docstring(a, b):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            a:
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_hanging_indent(skip, verbose):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Do stuff.
+
+        Args:
+            skip (:attr:`.Skip`):
+                Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
+                Etiam at tellus a tellus faucibus maximus. Curabitur tellus
+                mauris, semper id vehicula ac, feugiat ut tortor.
+            verbose (bool):
+                If True, print out as much infromation as possible.
+                If False, print out concise "one-liner" information.
+
+        """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'test_missing_numpy_args' docstring)")
+def test_missing_numpy_args(_private_arg=0, x=1, y=2):  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    x : int
+        The greatest integer in the history \
+of the entire world.
+
+    """
+
+
+class TestNumpy:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    def test_method(self, test, another_test, z, _, x=1, y=2, _private_arg=1):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Some long string with a \
+line continuation.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        test, another_test
+            Some parameters without type.
+        z : some parameter with a very long type description that requires a \
+line continuation.
+            But no further description.
+        x, y : int
+            Some integer parameters.
+
+        """
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args(self, test, x, y, z=3, t=1, _private=0):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        x, t : int
+            Some parameters.
+
+
+        """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_class_method' docstring)", arg_count=4)
+    def test_missing_args_class_method(cls, test, x, y, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        z
+        x
+            Another parameter. The parameters y, test below are
+            missing descriptions. The parameter z above is also missing
+            a description.
+        y
+        test
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_static_method' docstring)", arg_count=3)
+    def test_missing_args_static_method(a, x, y, z=3, t=1):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        x, y
+            Another parameter.
+        t : int
+            Yet another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_mixing_numpy_and_google(danger):  # noqa: D213
+        """Repro for #388.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        danger
+            Zoneeeeee!
+
+        """
+
+
+class TestIncorrectIndent:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_incorrect_indent' docstring)", arg_count=3)
+    def test_incorrect_indent(self, x=1, y=2):  # noqa: D207, D213, D407
+        """Reproducing issue #437.
+
+Testing this incorrectly indented docstring.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Test argument.
+
+        """
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import sys
+
+from setuptools import setup
+
+sys.stderr.write(
+    """
+===============================
+Unsupported installation method
+===============================
+ruff no longer supports installation with `python setup.py install`.
+Please use `python -m pip install .` instead.
+"""
+)
+sys.exit(1)
+
+
+# The below code will never execute, however GitHub is particularly
+# picky about where it finds Python packaging metadata.
+# See: https://github.com/github/feedback/discussions/6456
+#
+# To be removed once GitHub catches up.
+
+setup(name="ruff", install_requires=[])
--- a/src/ast.rs
+++ b/src/ast.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-pub mod checks;
+pub mod checkers;
+pub mod helpers;
 pub mod operations;
 pub mod relocate;
 pub mod types;
--- a/src/ast/checkers.rs
+++ b/src/ast/checkers.rs
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;

 use itertools::izip;
+use num_bigint::BigInt;
 use regex::Regex;
 use rustpython_parser::ast::{
    Arg, ArgData, Arguments, Cmpop, Constant, Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprKind,
-    Keyword, Location, Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop,
+    KeywordData, Located, Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop,
 };
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

-use crate::ast::operations::SourceCodeLocator;
+use crate::ast::helpers;
 use crate::ast::types::{
    Binding, BindingKind, CheckLocator, FunctionScope, Range, Scope, ScopeKind,
 };
-use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
-use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix, RejectedCmpop};
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, RejectedCmpop};
 use crate::python::builtins::BUILTINS;

 /// Check IfTuple compliance.
-pub fn check_if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &test.node {
        if !elts.is_empty() {
            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::IfTuple, location));
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ pub fn check_if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check AssertTuple compliance.
-pub fn check_assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &test.node {
        if !elts.is_empty() {
            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::AssertTuple, location));
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ pub fn check_assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check NotInTest and NotIsTest compliance.
-pub fn check_not_tests(
+pub fn not_tests(
    op: &Unaryop,
    operand: &Expr,
    check_not_in: bool,
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn check_not_tests(
 }

 /// Check UnusedVariable compliance.
-pub fn check_unused_variables(
+pub fn unused_variables(
    scope: &Scope,
    locator: &dyn CheckLocator,
    dummy_variable_rgx: &Regex,
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ pub fn check_unused_variables(
 }

 /// Check DoNotAssignLambda compliance.
-pub fn check_do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Lambda { .. } = &value.node {
        Some(Check::new(CheckKind::DoNotAssignLambda, location))
    } else {
@@ -117,11 +118,7 @@ pub fn check_do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check
 }

 /// Check UselessMetaclassType compliance.
-pub fn check_useless_metaclass_type(
-    targets: &Vec<Expr>,
-    value: &Expr,
-    location: Range,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn useless_metaclass_type(targets: &Vec<Expr>, value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if targets.len() == 1 {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = targets.first().map(|expr| &expr.node).unwrap() {
            if id == "__metaclass__" {
@@ -136,12 +133,92 @@ pub fn check_useless_metaclass_type(
    None
 }

+/// Check UnnecessaryAbspath compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_abspath(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+    // Validate the arguments.
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &args[0].node {
+            if id == "__file__" {
+                match &func.node {
+                    ExprKind::Attribute { attr: id, .. } | ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+                        if id == "abspath" {
+                            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::UnnecessaryAbspath, location));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum Primitive {
+    Bool,
+    Str,
+    Bytes,
+    Int,
+    Float,
+    Complex,
+}
+
+impl Primitive {
+    fn from_constant(constant: &Constant) -> Option<Self> {
+        match constant {
+            Constant::Bool(_) => Some(Primitive::Bool),
+            Constant::Str(_) => Some(Primitive::Str),
+            Constant::Bytes(_) => Some(Primitive::Bytes),
+            Constant::Int(_) => Some(Primitive::Int),
+            Constant::Float(_) => Some(Primitive::Float),
+            Constant::Complex { .. } => Some(Primitive::Complex),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn builtin(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            Primitive::Bool => "bool".to_string(),
+            Primitive::Str => "str".to_string(),
+            Primitive::Bytes => "bytes".to_string(),
+            Primitive::Int => "int".to_string(),
+            Primitive::Float => "float".to_string(),
+            Primitive::Complex => "complex".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Check TypeOfPrimitive compliance.
+pub fn type_of_primitive(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+    // Validate the arguments.
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        match &func.node {
+            ExprKind::Attribute { attr: id, .. } | ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+                if id == "type" {
+                    if let ExprKind::Constant { value, .. } = &args[0].node {
+                        if let Some(primitive) = Primitive::from_constant(value) {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::TypeOfPrimitive(primitive),
+                                location,
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
 fn is_ambiguous_name(name: &str) -> bool {
    name == "l" || name == "I" || name == "O"
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousVariableName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousVariableName(name.to_string()),
@@ -153,7 +230,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Chec
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousClassName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousClassName(name.to_string()),
@@ -165,7 +242,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check>
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousFunctionName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousFunctionName(name.to_string()),
@@ -177,15 +254,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Chec
 }

 /// Check UselessObjectInheritance compliance.
-pub fn check_useless_object_inheritance(
-    stmt: &Stmt,
-    name: &str,
-    bases: &[Expr],
-    keywords: &[Keyword],
-    scope: &Scope,
-    locator: &mut SourceCodeLocator,
-    autofix: &fixer::Mode,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn useless_object_inheritance(name: &str, bases: &[Expr], scope: &Scope) -> Option<Check> {
    for expr in bases {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &expr.node {
            if id == "object" {
@@ -195,22 +264,10 @@ pub fn check_useless_object_inheritance(
                        kind: BindingKind::Builtin,
                        ..
                    }) => {
-                        let mut check = Check::new(
+                        return Some(Check::new(
                            CheckKind::UselessObjectInheritance(name.to_string()),
                            Range::from_located(expr),
-                        );
-                        if matches!(autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
-                            if let Some(fix) = fixes::remove_class_def_base(
-                                locator,
-                                &stmt.location,
-                                expr.location,
-                                bases,
-                                keywords,
-                            ) {
-                                check.amend(fix);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        return Some(check);
+                        ));
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
@@ -222,7 +279,7 @@ pub fn check_useless_object_inheritance(
 }

 /// Check DefaultExceptNotLast compliance.
-pub fn check_default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Check> {
    for (idx, handler) in handlers.iter().enumerate() {
        let ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } = &handler.node;
        if type_.is_none() && idx < handlers.len() - 1 {
@@ -237,7 +294,7 @@ pub fn check_default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Ch
 }

 /// Check RaiseNotImplemented compliance.
-pub fn check_raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
    match &expr.node {
        ExprKind::Call { func, .. } => {
            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
@@ -264,7 +321,7 @@ pub fn check_raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check DuplicateArgumentName compliance.
-pub fn check_duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
+pub fn duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
    let mut checks: Vec<Check> = vec![];

    // Collect all the arguments into a single vector.
@@ -297,36 +354,6 @@ pub fn check_duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
    checks
 }

-/// Check AssertEquals compliance.
-pub fn check_assert_equals(expr: &Expr, autofix: &fixer::Mode) -> Option<Check> {
-    if let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &expr.node {
-        if attr == "assertEquals" {
-            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node {
-                if id == "self" {
-                    let mut check =
-                        Check::new(CheckKind::NoAssertEquals, Range::from_located(expr));
-                    if matches!(autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
-                        check.amend(Fix {
-                            content: "assertEqual".to_string(),
-                            location: Location::new(
-                                expr.location.row(),
-                                expr.location.column() + 1,
-                            ),
-                            end_location: Location::new(
-                                expr.location.row(),
-                                expr.location.column() + 1 + "assertEquals".len(),
-                            ),
-                            applied: false,
-                        });
-                    }
-                    return Some(check);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    None
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
 enum DictionaryKey<'a> {
    Constant(&'a Constant),
@@ -342,7 +369,7 @@ fn convert_to_value(expr: &Expr) -> Option<DictionaryKey> {
 }

 /// Check MultiValueRepeatedKeyLiteral and MultiValueRepeatedKeyVariable compliance.
-pub fn check_repeated_keys(
+pub fn repeated_keys(
    keys: &Vec<Expr>,
    check_repeated_literals: bool,
    check_repeated_variables: bool,
@@ -382,7 +409,7 @@ pub fn check_repeated_keys(
 }

 /// Check TrueFalseComparison and NoneComparison compliance.
-pub fn check_literal_comparisons(
+pub fn literal_comparisons(
    left: &Expr,
    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
@@ -513,7 +540,7 @@ fn is_constant_non_singleton(expr: &Expr) -> bool {
 }

 /// Check IsLiteral compliance.
-pub fn check_is_literal(
+pub fn is_literal(
    left: &Expr,
    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
@@ -535,11 +562,7 @@ pub fn check_is_literal(
 }

 /// Check TypeComparison compliance.
-pub fn check_type_comparison(
-    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
-    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
-    location: Range,
-) -> Vec<Check> {
+pub fn type_comparison(ops: &Vec<Cmpop>, comparators: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Vec<Check> {
    let mut checks: Vec<Check> = vec![];

    for (op, right) in izip!(ops, comparators) {
@@ -575,7 +598,7 @@ pub fn check_type_comparison(
 }

 /// Check TwoStarredExpressions and TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment compliance.
-pub fn check_starred_expressions(
+pub fn starred_expressions(
    elts: &[Expr],
    check_too_many_expressions: bool,
    check_two_starred_expressions: bool,
@@ -605,7 +628,7 @@ pub fn check_starred_expressions(
 }

 /// Check BreakOutsideLoop compliance.
-pub fn check_break_outside_loop(
+pub fn break_outside_loop(
    stmt: &Stmt,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    parent_stack: &[usize],
@@ -646,7 +669,7 @@ pub fn check_break_outside_loop(
 }

 /// Check ContinueOutsideLoop compliance.
-pub fn check_continue_outside_loop(
+pub fn continue_outside_loop(
    stmt: &Stmt,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    parent_stack: &[usize],
@@ -694,11 +717,7 @@ pub enum ShadowingType {
 }

 /// Check builtin name shadowing
-pub fn check_builtin_shadowing(
-    name: &str,
-    location: Range,
-    node_type: ShadowingType,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn builtin_shadowing(name: &str, location: Range, node_type: ShadowingType) -> Option<Check> {
    if BUILTINS.contains(&name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            match node_type {
@@ -713,26 +732,388 @@ pub fn check_builtin_shadowing(
    }
 }

-/// Returns `true` if a call is an argumented `super` invocation.
-pub fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> bool {
-    // Check: is this a `super` call?
-    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
-        id == "super" && !args.is_empty()
-    } else {
-        false
+// flake8-comprehensions
+/// Check `list(generator)` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_generator_list(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "list" {
+                if let ExprKind::GeneratorExp { .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryGeneratorList,
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `set(generator)` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_generator_set(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" {
+                if let ExprKind::GeneratorExp { .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryGeneratorList,
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `dict((x, y) for x, y in iterable)` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_generator_dict(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "dict" {
+                if let ExprKind::GeneratorExp { elt, .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    match &elt.node {
+                        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict,
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `set([...])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_list_comprehension_set(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &Vec<Expr>,
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" {
+                if let ExprKind::ListComp { .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryListComprehensionSet,
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `dict([...])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_list_comprehension_dict(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &Vec<Expr>,
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "dict" {
+                if let ExprKind::ListComp { elt, .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    match &elt.node {
+                        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict,
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `set([1, 2])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_set(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" {
+                match &args[0].node {
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralSet("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralSet("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `dict([(1, 2)])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_dict(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "dict" {
+                match &args[0].node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                        if let Some(elt) = elts.first() {
+                            match &elt.node {
+                                // dict((1, 2), ...))
+                                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                                    return Some(Check::new(
+                                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("tuple".to_string()),
+                                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // dict(())
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("tuple".to_string()),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { elts, .. } => {
+                        if let Some(elt) = elts.first() {
+                            match &elt.node {
+                                // dict([(1, 2), ...])
+                                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                                    return Some(Check::new(
+                                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("list".to_string()),
+                                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // dict([])
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("list".to_string()),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_collection_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &Vec<Expr>,
+    keywords: &Vec<Located<KeywordData>>,
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.is_empty() {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "list" || id == "tuple" {
+                // list() or tuple()
+                return Some(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::UnnecessaryCollectionCall(id.to_string()),
+                    Range::from_located(expr),
+                ));
+            } else if id == "dict" {
+                // dict() or dict(a=1)
+                if keywords.is_empty() || keywords.iter().all(|kw| kw.node.arg.is_some()) {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryCollectionCall(id.to_string()),
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_within_tuple_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        if id == "tuple" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                match &arg.node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_within_list_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        if id == "list" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                match &arg.node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_double_cast_or_process(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id: outer, .. } = &func.node {
+        if outer == "list"
+            || outer == "tuple"
+            || outer == "set"
+            || outer == "reversed"
+            || outer == "sorted"
+        {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                if let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &arg.node {
+                    if let ExprKind::Name { id: inner, .. } = &func.node {
+                        // Ex) set(tuple(...))
+                        if (outer == "set" || outer == "sorted")
+                            && (inner == "list"
+                                || inner == "tuple"
+                                || inner == "reversed"
+                                || inner == "sorted")
+                        {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+
+                        // Ex) list(tuple(...))
+                        if (outer == "list" || outer == "tuple")
+                            && (inner == "list" || inner == "tuple")
+                        {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+
+                        // Ex) set(set(...))
+                        if outer == "set" && inner == "set" {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_subscript_reversal(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let Some(first_arg) = args.first() {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" || id == "sorted" || id == "reversed" {
+                if let ExprKind::Subscript { slice, .. } = &first_arg.node {
+                    if let ExprKind::Slice { lower, upper, step } = &slice.node {
+                        if lower.is_none() && upper.is_none() {
+                            if let Some(step) = step {
+                                if let ExprKind::UnaryOp {
+                                    op: Unaryop::USub,
+                                    operand,
+                                } = &step.node
+                                {
+                                    if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                                        value: Constant::Int(val),
+                                        ..
+                                    } = &operand.node
+                                    {
+                                        if *val == BigInt::from(1) {
+                                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                                CheckKind::UnnecessarySubscriptReversal(
+                                                    id.to_string(),
+                                                ),
+                                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                                            ));
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
 }

 // flake8-super
 /// Check that `super()` has no args
-pub fn check_super_args(
+pub fn super_args(
    scope: &Scope,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    expr: &Expr,
    func: &Expr,
    args: &Vec<Expr>,
 ) -> Option<Check> {
-    if !is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
+    if !helpers::is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
        return None;
    }

@@ -791,11 +1172,16 @@ pub fn check_super_args(

 // flake8-print
 /// Check whether a function call is a `print` or `pprint` invocation
-pub fn check_print_call(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn print_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    check_print: bool,
+    check_pprint: bool,
+) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
-        if id == "print" {
+        if check_print && id == "print" {
            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::PrintFound, Range::from_located(expr)));
-        } else if id == "pprint" {
+        } else if check_pprint && id == "pprint" {
            return Some(Check::new(
                CheckKind::PPrintFound,
                Range::from_located(expr),
@@ -805,7 +1191,7 @@ pub fn check_print_call(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {

    if let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &func.node {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node {
-            if id == "pprint" && attr == "pprint" {
+            if check_pprint && id == "pprint" && attr == "pprint" {
                return Some(Check::new(
                    CheckKind::PPrintFound,
                    Range::from_located(expr),
--- a/src/ast/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/ast/helpers.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use regex::Regex;
+use rustpython_ast::{Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprKind, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::python::typing;
+
+fn compose_call_path_inner<'a>(expr: &'a Expr, parts: &mut Vec<&'a str>) {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Call { func, .. } => {
+            compose_call_path_inner(func, parts);
+        }
+        ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } => {
+            compose_call_path_inner(value, parts);
+            parts.push(attr);
+        }
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+            parts.push(id);
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn compose_call_path(expr: &Expr) -> Option<String> {
+    let mut segments = vec![];
+    compose_call_path_inner(expr, &mut segments);
+    if segments.is_empty() {
+        None
+    } else {
+        Some(segments.join("."))
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn match_name_or_attr(expr: &Expr, target: &str) -> bool {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Attribute { attr, .. } => target == attr,
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => target == id,
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum SubscriptKind {
+    AnnotatedSubscript,
+    PEP593AnnotatedSubscript,
+}
+
+pub fn match_annotated_subscript(expr: &Expr) -> Option<SubscriptKind> {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Attribute { attr, .. } => {
+            if typing::is_annotated_subscript(attr) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else if typing::is_pep593_annotated_subscript(attr) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::PEP593AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+            if typing::is_annotated_subscript(id) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else if typing::is_pep593_annotated_subscript(id) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::PEP593AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+static DUNDER_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"__[^\s]+__").unwrap());
+
+pub fn is_assignment_to_a_dunder(node: &StmtKind) -> bool {
+    // Check whether it's an assignment to a dunder, with or without a type annotation.
+    // This is what pycodestyle (as of 2.9.1) does.
+    match node {
+        StmtKind::Assign {
+            targets,
+            value: _,
+            type_comment: _,
+        } => {
+            if targets.len() != 1 {
+                return false;
+            }
+            match &targets[0].node {
+                ExprKind::Name { id, ctx: _ } => DUNDER_REGEX.is_match(id),
+                _ => false,
+            }
+        }
+        StmtKind::AnnAssign {
+            target,
+            annotation: _,
+            value: _,
+            simple: _,
+        } => match &target.node {
+            ExprKind::Name { id, ctx: _ } => DUNDER_REGEX.is_match(id),
+            _ => false,
+        },
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract the names of all handled exceptions.
+pub fn extract_handler_names(handlers: &[Excepthandler]) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut handler_names = vec![];
+    for handler in handlers {
+        match &handler.node {
+            ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } => {
+                if let Some(type_) = type_ {
+                    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &type_.node {
+                        for type_ in elts {
+                            if let Some(name) = compose_call_path(type_) {
+                                handler_names.push(name);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else if let Some(name) = compose_call_path(type_) {
+                        handler_names.push(name);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    handler_names
+}
+
+/// Returns `true` if a call is an argumented `super` invocation.
+pub fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> bool {
+    // Check: is this a `super` call?
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        id == "super" && !args.is_empty()
+    } else {
+        false
+    }
+}
--- a/src/ast/operations.rs
+++ b/src/ast/operations.rs
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl<'a> SourceCodeLocator<'a> {
        }
    }

-    pub fn slice_source_code_at(&mut self, location: &Location) -> &'a str {
+    fn init(&mut self) {
        if !self.initialized {
            let mut offset = 0;
            for i in self.content.lines() {
@@ -142,24 +142,40 @@ impl<'a> SourceCodeLocator<'a> {
                offset += i.len();
                offset += 1;
            }
+            self.offsets.push(offset);
            self.initialized = true;
        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn slice_source_code_at(&mut self, location: &Location) -> &'a str {
+        self.init();
        let offset = self.offsets[location.row() - 1] + location.column() - 1;
        &self.content[offset..]
    }

    pub fn slice_source_code_range(&mut self, range: &Range) -> &'a str {
-        if !self.initialized {
-            let mut offset = 0;
-            for i in self.content.lines() {
-                self.offsets.push(offset);
-                offset += i.len();
-                offset += 1;
-            }
-            self.initialized = true;
-        }
+        self.init();
        let start = self.offsets[range.location.row() - 1] + range.location.column() - 1;
        let end = self.offsets[range.end_location.row() - 1] + range.end_location.column() - 1;
        &self.content[start..end]
    }
+
+    pub fn partition_source_code_at(
+        &mut self,
+        outer: &Range,
+        inner: &Range,
+    ) -> (&'a str, &'a str, &'a str) {
+        self.init();
+        let outer_start = self.offsets[outer.location.row() - 1] + outer.location.column() - 1;
+        let outer_end =
+            self.offsets[outer.end_location.row() - 1] + outer.end_location.column() - 1;
+        let inner_start = self.offsets[inner.location.row() - 1] + inner.location.column() - 1;
+        let inner_end =
+            self.offsets[inner.end_location.row() - 1] + inner.end_location.column() - 1;
+        (
+            &self.content[outer_start..inner_start],
+            &self.content[inner_start..inner_end],
+            &self.content[inner_end..outer_end],
+        )
+    }
 }
--- a/src/ast/types.rs
+++ b/src/ast/types.rs
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ pub enum BindingKind {
    Export(Vec<String>),
    FutureImportation,
    StarImportation,
-    Importation(String, BindingContext),
-    FromImportation(String, BindingContext),
-    SubmoduleImportation(String, BindingContext),
+    Importation(String, String, BindingContext),
+    FromImportation(String, String, BindingContext),
+    SubmoduleImportation(String, String, BindingContext),
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
--- a/src/ast/visitor.rs
+++ b/src/ast/visitor.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ use rustpython_parser::ast::{
    PatternKind, Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop, Withitem,
 };

+use crate::ast::helpers::match_name_or_attr;
+
 pub trait Visitor<'a> {
    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
        walk_stmt(self, stmt);
@@ -148,7 +150,11 @@ pub fn walk_stmt<'a, V: Visitor<'a> + ?Sized>(visitor: &mut V, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
        } => {
            visitor.visit_annotation(annotation);
            if let Some(expr) = value {
-                visitor.visit_expr(expr);
+                if match_name_or_attr(annotation, "TypeAlias") {
+                    visitor.visit_annotation(expr);
+                } else {
+                    visitor.visit_expr(expr);
+                }
            }
            visitor.visit_expr(target);
        }
--- a/src/check_ast.rs
+++ b/src/check_ast.rs
--- a/src/check_lines.rs
+++ b/src/check_lines.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;

-use crate::ast::types::Range;
 use rustpython_parser::ast::Location;

+use crate::ast::types::Range;
 use crate::autofix::fixer;
 use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind, Fix};
 use crate::noqa;
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ pub fn check_lines(

                match noqa {
                    (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
-                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                        ignored.push(index)
                    }
                    (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
-                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_str()) {
-                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                            ignored.push(index);
                        }
                    }
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ pub fn check_lines(

                match noqa {
                    (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
-                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                    }
                    (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
-                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_str()) {
-                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                        } else {
                            line_checks.push(check);
                        }
@@ -113,6 +113,45 @@ pub fn check_lines(
        }
    }

+    // Enforce newlines at end of files.
+    if settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::W292) && !contents.ends_with('\n') {
+        // Note: if `lines.last()` is `None`, then `contents` is empty (and so we don't want to
+        // raise W292 anyway).
+        if let Some(line) = lines.last() {
+            let lineno = lines.len() - 1;
+            let noqa_lineno = noqa_line_for
+                .get(lineno)
+                .map(|lineno| lineno - 1)
+                .unwrap_or(lineno);
+
+            let noqa = noqa_directives
+                .entry(noqa_lineno)
+                .or_insert_with(|| (noqa::extract_noqa_directive(lines[noqa_lineno]), vec![]));
+
+            let check = Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NoNewLineAtEndOfFile,
+                Range {
+                    location: Location::new(lines.len(), line.len() + 1),
+                    end_location: Location::new(lines.len(), line.len() + 1),
+                },
+            );
+
+            match noqa {
+                (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
+                    matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
+                }
+                (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
+                    if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
+                    } else {
+                        line_checks.push(check);
+                    }
+                }
+                (Directive::None, _) => line_checks.push(check),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    // Enforce that the noqa directive was actually used.
    if enforce_noqa {
        for (row, (directive, matches)) in noqa_directives {
@@ -145,15 +184,15 @@ pub fn check_lines(
                    let mut valid_codes = vec![];
                    for code in codes {
                        if !matches.contains(&code) {
-                            invalid_codes.push(code);
+                            invalid_codes.push(code.to_string());
                        } else {
-                            valid_codes.push(code);
+                            valid_codes.push(code.to_string());
                        }
                    }

                    if !invalid_codes.is_empty() {
                        let mut check = Check::new(
-                            CheckKind::UnusedNOQA(Some(invalid_codes.join(", "))),
+                            CheckKind::UnusedNOQA(Some(invalid_codes)),
                            Range {
                                location: Location::new(row + 1, start + 1),
                                end_location: Location::new(row + 1, end + 1),
--- a/src/checks.rs
+++ b/src/checks.rs
--- a/src/cli.rs
+++ b/src/cli.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+use std::fmt;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use clap::{command, Parser};
+use log::warn;
+use regex::Regex;
+
+use crate::checks::CheckCode;
+use crate::printer::SerializationFormat;
+use crate::pyproject::StrCheckCodePair;
+use crate::settings::PythonVersion;
+use crate::RawSettings;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Parser)]
+#[command(author, about = "ruff: An extremely fast Python linter.")]
+#[command(version)]
+pub struct Cli {
+    #[arg(required = true)]
+    pub files: Vec<PathBuf>,
+    /// Enable verbose logging.
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub verbose: bool,
+    /// Disable all logging (but still exit with status code "1" upon detecting errors).
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub quiet: bool,
+    /// Exit with status code "0", even upon detecting errors.
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub exit_zero: bool,
+    /// Run in watch mode by re-running whenever files change.
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub watch: bool,
+    /// Attempt to automatically fix lint errors.
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub fix: bool,
+    /// Disable cache reads.
+    #[arg(short, long)]
+    pub no_cache: bool,
+    /// List of error codes to enable.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub select: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    /// Like --select, but adds additional error codes on top of the selected ones.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub extend_select: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    /// List of error codes to ignore.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    /// Like --ignore, but adds additional error codes on top of the ignored ones.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub extend_ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    /// List of paths, used to exclude files and/or directories from checks.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub exclude: Vec<String>,
+    /// Like --exclude, but adds additional files and directories on top of the excluded ones.
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub extend_exclude: Vec<String>,
+    /// List of mappings from file pattern to code to exclude
+    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
+    pub per_file_ignores: Vec<StrCheckCodePair>,
+    /// Output serialization format for error messages.
+    #[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t=SerializationFormat::Text)]
+    pub format: SerializationFormat,
+    /// See the files ruff will be run against with the current settings.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub show_files: bool,
+    /// See ruff's settings.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub show_settings: bool,
+    /// Enable automatic additions of noqa directives to failing lines.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub add_noqa: bool,
+    /// Regular expression matching the name of dummy variables.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub dummy_variable_rgx: Option<Regex>,
+    /// The minimum Python version that should be supported.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub target_version: Option<PythonVersion>,
+    /// Round-trip auto-formatting.
+    // TODO(charlie): This should be a sub-command.
+    #[arg(long, hide = true)]
+    pub autoformat: bool,
+    /// The name of the file when passing it through stdin.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub stdin_filename: Option<String>,
+}
+
+pub enum Warnable {
+    Select,
+    ExtendSelect,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Warnable {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Warnable::Select => fmt.write_str("--select"),
+            Warnable::ExtendSelect => fmt.write_str("--extend-select"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Warn the user if they attempt to enable a code that won't be respected.
+pub fn warn_on(
+    flag: Warnable,
+    codes: &Vec<CheckCode>,
+    cli_ignore: &Vec<CheckCode>,
+    cli_extend_ignore: &Vec<CheckCode>,
+    pyproject_settings: &RawSettings,
+    pyproject_path: &Option<PathBuf>,
+) {
+    for code in codes {
+        if !cli_ignore.is_empty() {
+            if cli_ignore.contains(code) {
+                warn!("{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored via --ignore")
+            }
+        } else if pyproject_settings.ignore.contains(code) {
+            if let Some(path) = pyproject_path {
+                warn!(
+                    "{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored by the `ignore` field in {}",
+                    path.to_string_lossy()
+                )
+            } else {
+                warn!("{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored by the default `ignore` field",)
+            }
+        }
+        if !cli_extend_ignore.is_empty() {
+            if cli_extend_ignore.contains(code) {
+                warn!("{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored via --extend-ignore")
+            }
+        } else if pyproject_settings.extend_ignore.contains(code) {
+            if let Some(path) = pyproject_path {
+                warn!(
+                    "{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored by the `extend_ignore` field in {}",
+                    path.to_string_lossy()
+                )
+            } else {
+                warn!("{code:?} was passed to {flag}, but ignored by the default `extend_ignore` field")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/code_gen.rs
+++ b/src/code_gen.rs
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ impl SourceGenerator {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn unparse_stmt<U>(&mut self, ast: &Stmt<U>) -> fmt::Result {
+    pub fn unparse_stmt<U>(&mut self, ast: &Stmt<U>) -> fmt::Result {
        macro_rules! statement {
            ($body:block) => {{
                self.newline()?;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ impl SourceGenerator {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn unparse_expr<U>(&mut self, ast: &Expr<U>, level: u8) -> fmt::Result {
+    pub fn unparse_expr<U>(&mut self, ast: &Expr<U>, level: u8) -> fmt::Result {
        macro_rules! opprec {
            ($opty:ident, $x:expr, $enu:path, $($var:ident($op:literal, $prec:ident)),*$(,)?) => {
                match $x {
--- a/src/docstrings.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod docstring_checks;
+pub mod sections;
+pub mod types;
--- a/src/docstrings/docstring_checks.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/docstring_checks.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
+//! Abstractions for tracking and validating docstrings in Python code.
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use regex::Regex;
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, Location, Stmt, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind};
+use crate::docstrings::sections::{check_numpy_section, section_contexts};
+use crate::docstrings::types::{Definition, DefinitionKind, Documentable};
+use crate::visibility::{is_init, is_magic, is_overload, Modifier, Visibility, VisibleScope};
+
+/// Extract a docstring from a function or class body.
+pub fn docstring_from(suite: &[Stmt]) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    if let Some(stmt) = suite.first() {
+        if let StmtKind::Expr { value } = &stmt.node {
+            if matches!(
+                &value.node,
+                ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::Str(_),
+                    ..
+                }
+            ) {
+                return Some(value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Extract a `Definition` from the AST node defined by a `Stmt`.
+pub fn extract<'a>(
+    scope: &VisibleScope,
+    stmt: &'a Stmt,
+    body: &'a [Stmt],
+    kind: &Documentable,
+) -> Definition<'a> {
+    let expr = docstring_from(body);
+    match kind {
+        Documentable::Function => match scope {
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Module,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Function(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Class,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Method(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Function,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+        },
+        Documentable::Class => match scope {
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Module,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Class(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Class,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Function,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract the source code range for a docstring.
+pub fn range_for(docstring: &Expr) -> Range {
+    // RustPython currently omits the first quotation mark in a string, so offset the location.
+    Range {
+        location: Location::new(docstring.location.row(), docstring.location.column() - 1),
+        end_location: docstring.end_location,
+    }
+}
+
+/// D100, D101, D102, D103, D104, D105, D106, D107
+pub fn not_missing(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    visibility: &Visibility,
+) -> bool {
+    if matches!(visibility, Visibility::Private) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if definition.docstring.is_some() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    match definition.kind {
+        DefinitionKind::Module => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D100) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicModule,
+                    Range {
+                        location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                        end_location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                    },
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Package => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D104) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicPackage,
+                    Range {
+                        location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                        end_location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                    },
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Class(stmt) => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D101) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicClass,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt) => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D106) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicNestedClass,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Function(stmt) | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt) => {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                true
+            } else {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D103) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::PublicFunction,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                false
+            }
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Method(stmt) => {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                true
+            } else if is_magic(stmt) {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D105) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::MagicMethod,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                true
+            } else if is_init(stmt) {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D107) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::PublicInit, Range::from_located(stmt)));
+                }
+                true
+            } else {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D102) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::PublicMethod,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                true
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D200
+pub fn one_liner(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = &definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut line_count = 0;
+            let mut non_empty_line_count = 0;
+            for line in string.lines() {
+                line_count += 1;
+                if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    non_empty_line_count += 1;
+                }
+                if non_empty_line_count > 1 {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if non_empty_line_count == 1 && line_count > 1 {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::FitsOnOneLine, range_for(docstring)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static COMMENT_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"^\s*#").unwrap());
+
+static INNER_FUNCTION_OR_CLASS_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> =
+    Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"^\s+(?:(?:class|def|async def)\s|@)").unwrap());
+
+/// D201, D202
+pub fn blank_before_after_function(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(parent) = &definition.kind
+        {
+            if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                value: Constant::Str(_),
+                ..
+            } = &docstring.node
+            {
+                let (before, _, after) = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .partition_source_code_at(&Range::from_located(parent), &range_for(docstring));
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D201) {
+                    let blank_lines_before = before
+                        .lines()
+                        .rev()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    if blank_lines_before != 0 {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineBeforeFunction(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D202) {
+                    let blank_lines_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    let all_blank_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .all(|line| line.trim().is_empty() || COMMENT_REGEX.is_match(line));
+                    // Report a D202 violation if the docstring is followed by a blank line
+                    // and the blank line is not itself followed by an inner function or
+                    // class.
+                    if !all_blank_after
+                        && blank_lines_after != 0
+                        && !(blank_lines_after == 1
+                            && INNER_FUNCTION_OR_CLASS_REGEX.is_match(after))
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineAfterFunction(blank_lines_after),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D203, D204, D211
+pub fn blank_before_after_class(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = &definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Class(parent) | DefinitionKind::NestedClass(parent) =
+            &definition.kind
+        {
+            if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                value: Constant::Str(_),
+                ..
+            } = &docstring.node
+            {
+                let (before, _, after) = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .partition_source_code_at(&Range::from_located(parent), &range_for(docstring));
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D203)
+                    || checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D211)
+                {
+                    let blank_lines_before = before
+                        .lines()
+                        .rev()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    if blank_lines_before != 0
+                        && checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D211)
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineBeforeClass(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    if blank_lines_before != 1
+                        && checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D203)
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::OneBlankLineBeforeClass(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D204) {
+                    let blank_lines_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    let all_blank_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .all(|line| line.trim().is_empty() || COMMENT_REGEX.is_match(line));
+                    if !all_blank_after && blank_lines_after != 1 {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::OneBlankLineAfterClass(blank_lines_after),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D205
+pub fn blank_after_summary(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut lines_count = 1;
+            let mut blanks_count = 0;
+            for line in string.trim().lines().skip(1) {
+                lines_count += 1;
+                if line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    blanks_count += 1;
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if lines_count > 1 && blanks_count != 1 {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NoBlankLineAfterSummary,
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D209
+pub fn newline_after_last_paragraph(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut line_count = 0;
+            for line in string.lines() {
+                if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    line_count += 1;
+                }
+                if line_count > 1 {
+                    let content = checker
+                        .locator
+                        .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+                    if let Some(line) = content.lines().last() {
+                        let line = line.trim();
+                        if line != "\"\"\"" && line != "'''" {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::NewLineAfterLastParagraph,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D210
+pub fn no_surrounding_whitespace(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut lines = string.lines();
+            if let Some(line) = lines.next() {
+                if line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if line.starts_with(' ') || (matches!(lines.next(), None) && line.ends_with(' ')) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::NoSurroundingWhitespace,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D212, D213
+pub fn multi_line_summary_start(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if string.lines().nth(1).is_some() {
+                let content = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+                if let Some(first_line) = content.lines().next() {
+                    let first_line = first_line.trim();
+                    if first_line == "\"\"\"" || first_line == "'''" {
+                        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D212) {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::MultiLineSummaryFirstLine,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    } else if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D213) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::MultiLineSummarySecondLine,
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D300
+pub fn triple_quotes(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let content = checker
+                .locator
+                .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+            if string.contains("\"\"\"") {
+                if !content.starts_with("'''") {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UsesTripleQuotes,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            } else if !content.starts_with("\"\"\"") {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::UsesTripleQuotes,
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D400
+pub fn ends_with_period(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(string) = string.lines().next() {
+                if !string.ends_with('.') {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::EndsInPeriod, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D402
+pub fn no_signature(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(parent) = definition.kind
+        {
+            if let StmtKind::FunctionDef { name, .. } = &parent.node {
+                if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::Str(string),
+                    ..
+                } = &docstring.node
+                {
+                    if let Some(first_line) = string.lines().next() {
+                        if first_line.contains(&format!("{name}(")) {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::NoSignature,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D403
+pub fn capitalized(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if !matches!(definition.kind, DefinitionKind::Function(_)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(first_word) = string.split(' ').next() {
+                if first_word == first_word.to_uppercase() {
+                    return;
+                }
+                for char in first_word.chars() {
+                    if !char.is_ascii_alphabetic() && char != '\'' {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(first_char) = first_word.chars().next() {
+                    if !first_char.is_uppercase() {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::FirstLineCapitalized,
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D404
+pub fn starts_with_this(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let trimmed = string.trim();
+            if trimmed.is_empty() {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if let Some(first_word) = string.split(' ').next() {
+                if first_word
+                    .replace(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric(), "")
+                    .to_lowercase()
+                    == "this"
+                {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::NoThisPrefix, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D415
+pub fn ends_with_punctuation(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(string) = string.lines().next() {
+                if !(string.ends_with('.') || string.ends_with('!') || string.ends_with('?')) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::EndsInPunctuation,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D418
+pub fn if_needed(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if definition.docstring.is_some() {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(stmt)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(stmt) = definition.kind
+        {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SkipDocstring,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D419
+pub fn not_empty(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) -> bool {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if string.trim().is_empty() {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D419) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::NonEmpty, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    true
+}
+
+pub fn check_sections(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let lines: Vec<&str> = string.lines().collect();
+            if lines.len() < 2 {
+                return;
+            }
+            for context in &section_contexts(&lines) {
+                check_numpy_section(checker, definition, context);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/docstrings/sections.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/sections.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use titlecase::titlecase;
+
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind};
+use crate::docstrings::docstring_checks::range_for;
+use crate::docstrings::types::Definition;
+
+static NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeSet::from([
+        "Short Summary",
+        "Extended Summary",
+        "Parameters",
+        "Returns",
+        "Yields",
+        "Other Parameters",
+        "Raises",
+        "See Also",
+        "Notes",
+        "References",
+        "Examples",
+        "Attributes",
+        "Methods",
+    ])
+});
+
+static NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES_LOWERCASE: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeSet::from([
+        "short summary",
+        "extended summary",
+        "parameters",
+        "returns",
+        "yields",
+        "other parameters",
+        "raises",
+        "see also",
+        "notes",
+        "references",
+        "examples",
+        "attributes",
+        "methods",
+    ])
+});
+
+// TODO(charlie): Include Google section names.
+// static GOOGLE_SECTION_NAMES: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+//     BTreeSet::from([
+//         "Args",
+//         "Arguments",
+//         "Attention",
+//         "Attributes",
+//         "Caution",
+//         "Danger",
+//         "Error",
+//         "Example",
+//         "Examples",
+//         "Hint",
+//         "Important",
+//         "Keyword Args",
+//         "Keyword Arguments",
+//         "Methods",
+//         "Note",
+//         "Notes",
+//         "Return",
+//         "Returns",
+//         "Raises",
+//         "References",
+//         "See Also",
+//         "Tip",
+//         "Todo",
+//         "Warning",
+//         "Warnings",
+//         "Warns",
+//         "Yield",
+//         "Yields",
+//     ])
+// });
+
+fn get_leading_words(line: &str) -> String {
+    line.trim()
+        .chars()
+        .take_while(|char| char.is_alphanumeric() || char.is_whitespace())
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn suspected_as_section(line: &str) -> bool {
+    NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES_LOWERCASE.contains(&get_leading_words(line).to_lowercase().as_str())
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct SectionContext<'a> {
+    section_name: String,
+    previous_line: &'a str,
+    line: &'a str,
+    following_lines: &'a [&'a str],
+    original_index: usize,
+    is_last_section: bool,
+}
+
+/// Check if the suspected context is really a section header.
+fn is_docstring_section(context: &SectionContext) -> bool {
+    let section_name_suffix = context
+        .line
+        .trim()
+        .strip_prefix(&context.section_name)
+        .unwrap()
+        .trim();
+    let this_looks_like_a_section_name =
+        section_name_suffix == ":" || section_name_suffix.is_empty();
+    if !this_looks_like_a_section_name {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    let prev_line = context.previous_line.trim();
+    let prev_line_ends_with_punctuation = [',', ';', '.', '-', '\\', '/', ']', '}', ')']
+        .into_iter()
+        .any(|char| prev_line.ends_with(char));
+    let prev_line_looks_like_end_of_paragraph =
+        prev_line_ends_with_punctuation || prev_line.is_empty();
+    if !prev_line_looks_like_end_of_paragraph {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    true
+}
+
+/// Extract all `SectionContext` values from a docstring.
+pub fn section_contexts<'a>(lines: &'a [&'a str]) -> Vec<SectionContext<'a>> {
+    let suspected_section_indices: Vec<usize> = lines
+        .iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .filter_map(|(lineno, line)| {
+            if lineno > 0 && suspected_as_section(line) {
+                Some(lineno)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    let mut contexts = vec![];
+    for lineno in suspected_section_indices {
+        let context = SectionContext {
+            section_name: get_leading_words(lines[lineno]),
+            previous_line: lines[lineno - 1],
+            line: lines[lineno],
+            following_lines: &lines[lineno + 1..],
+            original_index: lineno,
+            is_last_section: false,
+        };
+        if is_docstring_section(&context) {
+            contexts.push(context);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut truncated_contexts = vec![];
+    let mut end: Option<usize> = None;
+    for context in contexts.into_iter().rev() {
+        let next_end = context.original_index;
+        truncated_contexts.push(SectionContext {
+            section_name: context.section_name,
+            previous_line: context.previous_line,
+            line: context.line,
+            following_lines: if let Some(end) = end {
+                &lines[context.original_index + 1..end]
+            } else {
+                context.following_lines
+            },
+            original_index: context.original_index,
+            is_last_section: end.is_none(),
+        });
+        end = Some(next_end);
+    }
+    truncated_contexts.reverse();
+    truncated_contexts
+}
+
+fn check_blanks_and_section_underline(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    context: &SectionContext,
+) {
+    let docstring = definition
+        .docstring
+        .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+
+    let mut blank_lines_after_header = 0;
+    for line in context.following_lines {
+        if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+            break;
+        }
+        blank_lines_after_header += 1;
+    }
+
+    // Nothing but blank lines after the section header.
+    if blank_lines_after_header == context.following_lines.len() {
+        // D407
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D407) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DashedUnderlineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        // D414
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let non_empty_line = context.following_lines[blank_lines_after_header];
+    let dash_line_found = non_empty_line
+        .chars()
+        .all(|char| char.is_whitespace() || char == '-');
+
+    if !dash_line_found {
+        // D407
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D407) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DashedUnderlineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        if blank_lines_after_header > 0 {
+            // D212
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D212) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent(
+                        context.section_name.to_string(),
+                    ),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if blank_lines_after_header > 0 {
+            // D408
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D408) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SectionUnderlineAfterName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if non_empty_line
+            .trim()
+            .chars()
+            .filter(|char| *char == '-')
+            .count()
+            != context.section_name.len()
+        {
+            // D409
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D409) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SectionUnderlineMatchesSectionLength(
+                        context.section_name.to_string(),
+                    ),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TODO(charlie): Implement D215, which requires indentation and leading space tracking.
+        let line_after_dashes_index = blank_lines_after_header + 1;
+
+        if line_after_dashes_index < context.following_lines.len() {
+            let line_after_dashes = context.following_lines[line_after_dashes_index];
+
+            if line_after_dashes.trim().is_empty() {
+                let rest_of_lines = &context.following_lines[line_after_dashes_index..];
+                if rest_of_lines.iter().all(|line| line.trim().is_empty()) {
+                    // D414
+                    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // 412
+                    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D412) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent(
+                                context.section_name.to_string(),
+                            ),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // D414
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_common_section(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition, context: &SectionContext) {
+    // TODO(charlie): Implement D214, which requires indentation and leading space tracking.
+    let docstring = definition
+        .docstring
+        .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D405) {
+        if !NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES.contains(&context.section_name.as_str())
+            && NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES.contains(titlecase(&context.section_name).as_str())
+        {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::CapitalizeSectionName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    if context
+        .following_lines
+        .last()
+        .map(|line| !line.trim().is_empty())
+        .unwrap_or(true)
+    {
+        if context.is_last_section {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D413) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::BlankLineAfterLastSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ))
+            }
+        } else {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D410) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::BlankLineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D411) {
+        if !context.previous_line.is_empty() {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::BlankLineBeforeSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn check_numpy_section(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    context: &SectionContext,
+) {
+    // TODO(charlie): Implement `_check_parameters_section`.
+    check_common_section(checker, definition, context);
+    check_blanks_and_section_underline(checker, definition, context);
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D406) {
+        let suffix = context
+            .line
+            .trim()
+            .strip_prefix(&context.section_name)
+            .unwrap();
+        if !suffix.is_empty() {
+            let docstring = definition
+                .docstring
+                .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NewLineAfterSectionName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/docstrings/types.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DefinitionKind<'a> {
+    Module,
+    Package,
+    Class(&'a Stmt),
+    NestedClass(&'a Stmt),
+    Function(&'a Stmt),
+    NestedFunction(&'a Stmt),
+    Method(&'a Stmt),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Definition<'a> {
+    pub kind: DefinitionKind<'a>,
+    pub docstring: Option<&'a Expr>,
+}
+
+pub enum Documentable {
+    Class,
+    Function,
+}
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#![allow(clippy::collapsible_if, clippy::collapsible_else_if)]
 use std::path::Path;

 use anyhow::Result;
@@ -15,16 +16,20 @@ pub mod cache;
 pub mod check_ast;
 mod check_lines;
 pub mod checks;
+pub mod cli;
 pub mod code_gen;
+mod docstrings;
 pub mod fs;
 pub mod linter;
 pub mod logging;
 pub mod message;
 mod noqa;
+mod plugins;
 pub mod printer;
 pub mod pyproject;
 mod python;
 pub mod settings;
+pub mod visibility;

 /// Run ruff over Python source code directly.
 pub fn check(path: &Path, contents: &str) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ pub fn check(path: &Path, contents: &str) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
        None => debug!("Unable to find pyproject.toml; using default settings..."),
    };

-    let settings = Settings::from_raw(RawSettings::from_pyproject(pyproject, project_root)?);
+    let settings = Settings::from_raw(RawSettings::from_pyproject(&pyproject, &project_root)?);

    // Tokenize once.
    let tokens: Vec<LexResult> = tokenize(contents);
--- a/src/linter.rs
+++ b/src/linter.rs
@@ -83,6 +83,36 @@ pub(crate) fn check_path(
    Ok(checks)
 }

+pub fn lint_stdin(path: &Path, stdin: &str, settings: &Settings) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
+    // Tokenize once.
+    let tokens: Vec<LexResult> = tokenize(stdin);
+
+    // Determine the noqa line for every line in the source.
+    let noqa_line_for = noqa::extract_noqa_line_for(&tokens);
+
+    // Generate checks.
+    let checks = check_path(
+        path,
+        stdin,
+        tokens,
+        &noqa_line_for,
+        settings,
+        &fixer::Mode::None,
+    )?;
+
+    // Convert to messages.
+    Ok(checks
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|check| Message {
+            kind: check.kind,
+            fixed: check.fix.map(|fix| fix.applied).unwrap_or_default(),
+            location: check.location,
+            end_location: check.end_location,
+            filename: path.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
+        })
+        .collect())
+}
+
 pub fn lint_path(
    path: &Path,
    settings: &Settings,
@@ -340,9 +370,93 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn f401() -> Result<()> {
+    fn w292_0() -> Result<()> {
        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401.py"),
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/W292_0.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::W292),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn w292_1() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/W292_1.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::W292),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn w292_2() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/W292_2.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::W292),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn f401_0() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401_0.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn f401_1() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401_1.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn f401_2() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401_2.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn f401_3() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401_3.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn f401_4() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401_4.py"),
            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
        )?;
@@ -678,66 +792,6 @@ mod tests {
        Ok(())
    }

-    #[test]
-    fn m001() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/M001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::M001, CheckCode::E501, CheckCode::F841]),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn r001() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/R001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::R001),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn r002() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/R002.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::R002),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn init() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/__init__.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::F821, CheckCode::F822]),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn future_annotations() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/future_annotations.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::F401, CheckCode::F821]),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
    #[test]
    fn e999() -> Result<()> {
        let mut checks = check_path(
@@ -787,10 +841,610 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn spr001() -> Result<()> {
+    fn b011() -> Result<()> {
        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::SPR001),
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/B011.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::B011),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn b014() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/B014.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::B014),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn b025() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/B025.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::B025),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c400() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C400.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C400),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c401() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C401.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C401),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c402() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C402.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C402),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c403() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C403.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C403),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c404() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C404.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C404),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c405() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C405.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C405),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c406() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C406.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C406),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c408() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C408.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C408),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c409() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C409.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C409),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c410() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C410.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C410),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c414() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C414.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C414),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn c415() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C415.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C415),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d100() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D100),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d101() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D101),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d102() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D102),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d103() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D103),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d104() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D104),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d105() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D105),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d106() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D106),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d107() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D107),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d201() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D201),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d202() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D202),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d203() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D203),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d204() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D204),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d205() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D205),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d209() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D209),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d210() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D210),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d211() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D211),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d212() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D212),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d213() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D213),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d300() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D300),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d400() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D400),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d402() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D402),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d403() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D403),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d404() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D404),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d405() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D405),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d406() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D406),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d407() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D407),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d408() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D408),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d409() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D409),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d410() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D410),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d411() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D411),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d412() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D412),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d413() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D413),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d414() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/sections.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D414),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d415() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D415),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d418() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D418),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn d419() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/D.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::D419),
            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
        )?;
        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
@@ -833,4 +1487,124 @@ mod tests {
        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
        Ok(())
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u002() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U002.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U002),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u003() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U003.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U003),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u004() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U004.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U004),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u005() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U005.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U005),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u006() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U006.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U006),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u007() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U007.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U007),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn u008() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U008.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U008),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn m001() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/M001.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::M001, CheckCode::E501, CheckCode::F841]),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn init() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/__init__.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::F821, CheckCode::F822]),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn future_annotations() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut checks = check_path(
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/future_annotations.py"),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rules(vec![CheckCode::F401, CheckCode::F821]),
+            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
+        )?;
+        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -1,102 +1,37 @@
-use std::io;
+use std::io::{self, Read};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::ExitCode;
 use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
 use std::time::Instant;

 use anyhow::Result;
-use clap::{command, Parser};
+use clap::Parser;
 use colored::Colorize;
 use log::{debug, error};
 use notify::{raw_watcher, RecursiveMode, Watcher};
 use rayon::prelude::*;
-use regex::Regex;
 use walkdir::DirEntry;

-use ::ruff::cache;
-use ::ruff::checks::CheckCode;
-use ::ruff::checks::CheckKind;
-use ::ruff::fs::iter_python_files;
-use ::ruff::linter::add_noqa_to_path;
-use ::ruff::linter::lint_path;
-use ::ruff::logging::set_up_logging;
-use ::ruff::message::Message;
-use ::ruff::printer::{Printer, SerializationFormat};
-use ::ruff::pyproject::{self, StrCheckCodePair};
-use ::ruff::settings::CurrentSettings;
-use ::ruff::settings::{FilePattern, PerFileIgnore, Settings};
-use ::ruff::tell_user;
+use ruff::cache;
+use ruff::checks::CheckCode;
+use ruff::checks::CheckKind;
+use ruff::cli::{warn_on, Cli, Warnable};
+use ruff::fs::iter_python_files;
+use ruff::linter::add_noqa_to_path;
 use ruff::linter::autoformat_path;
+use ruff::linter::{lint_path, lint_stdin};
+use ruff::logging::set_up_logging;
+use ruff::message::Message;
+use ruff::printer::{Printer, SerializationFormat};
+use ruff::pyproject::{self};
+use ruff::settings::CurrentSettings;
 use ruff::settings::RawSettings;
+use ruff::settings::{FilePattern, PerFileIgnore, Settings};
+use ruff::tell_user;

 const CARGO_PKG_NAME: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_NAME");
 const CARGO_PKG_VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");

-#[derive(Debug, Parser)]
-#[command(author, about = "ruff: An extremely fast Python linter.")]
-#[command(version)]
-struct Cli {
-    #[arg(required = true)]
-    files: Vec<PathBuf>,
-    /// Enable verbose logging.
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    verbose: bool,
-    /// Disable all logging (but still exit with status code "1" upon detecting errors).
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    quiet: bool,
-    /// Exit with status code "0", even upon detecting errors.
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    exit_zero: bool,
-    /// Run in watch mode by re-running whenever files change.
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    watch: bool,
-    /// Attempt to automatically fix lint errors.
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    fix: bool,
-    /// Disable cache reads.
-    #[arg(short, long)]
-    no_cache: bool,
-    /// List of error codes to enable.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    select: Vec<CheckCode>,
-    /// Like --select, but adds additional error codes on top of the selected ones.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    extend_select: Vec<CheckCode>,
-    /// List of error codes to ignore.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
-    /// Like --ignore, but adds additional error codes on top of the ignored ones.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    extend_ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
-    /// List of paths, used to exclude files and/or directories from checks.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    exclude: Vec<String>,
-    /// Like --exclude, but adds additional files and directories on top of the excluded ones.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    extend_exclude: Vec<String>,
-    /// List of mappings from file pattern to code to exclude
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',')]
-    per_file_ignores: Vec<StrCheckCodePair>,
-    /// Output serialization format for error messages.
-    #[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t=SerializationFormat::Text)]
-    format: SerializationFormat,
-    /// See the files ruff will be run against with the current settings.
-    #[arg(long)]
-    show_files: bool,
-    /// See ruff's settings.
-    #[arg(long)]
-    show_settings: bool,
-    /// Enable automatic additions of noqa directives to failing lines.
-    #[arg(long)]
-    add_noqa: bool,
-    /// Enable automatic formatting.
-    #[arg(long)]
-    autoformat: bool,
-    /// Regular expression matching the name of dummy variables.
-    #[arg(long)]
-    dummy_variable_rgx: Option<Regex>,
-}
-
 #[cfg(feature = "update-informer")]
 fn check_for_updates() {
    use update_informer::{registry, Check};
@@ -121,8 +56,11 @@ fn check_for_updates() {
    }
 }

-fn show_settings(settings: RawSettings) {
-    println!("{:#?}", CurrentSettings::from_settings(settings));
+fn show_settings(settings: RawSettings, project_root: Option<PathBuf>, pyproject: Option<PathBuf>) {
+    println!(
+        "{:#?}",
+        CurrentSettings::from_settings(settings, project_root, pyproject)
+    );
 }

 fn show_files(files: &[PathBuf], settings: &Settings) {
@@ -137,6 +75,19 @@ fn show_files(files: &[PathBuf], settings: &Settings) {
    }
 }

+fn read_from_stdin() -> Result<String> {
+    let mut buffer = String::new();
+    io::stdin().lock().read_to_string(&mut buffer)?;
+    Ok(buffer)
+}
+
+fn run_once_stdin(settings: &Settings, filename: &Path) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
+    let stdin = read_from_stdin()?;
+    let mut messages = lint_stdin(filename, &stdin, settings)?;
+    messages.sort_unstable();
+    Ok(messages)
+}
+
 fn run_once(
    files: &[PathBuf],
    settings: &Settings,
@@ -288,7 +239,7 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
        .map(|pair| PerFileIgnore::new(pair, &project_root))
        .collect();

-    let mut settings = RawSettings::from_pyproject(pyproject, project_root)?;
+    let mut settings = RawSettings::from_pyproject(&pyproject, &project_root)?;
    if !exclude.is_empty() {
        settings.exclude = exclude;
    }
@@ -299,9 +250,25 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
        settings.per_file_ignores = per_file_ignores;
    }
    if !cli.select.is_empty() {
+        warn_on(
+            Warnable::Select,
+            &cli.select,
+            &cli.ignore,
+            &cli.extend_ignore,
+            &settings,
+            &pyproject,
+        );
        settings.select = cli.select;
    }
    if !cli.extend_select.is_empty() {
+        warn_on(
+            Warnable::ExtendSelect,
+            &cli.extend_select,
+            &cli.ignore,
+            &cli.extend_ignore,
+            &settings,
+            &pyproject,
+        );
        settings.extend_select = cli.extend_select;
    }
    if !cli.ignore.is_empty() {
@@ -310,6 +277,9 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
    if !cli.extend_ignore.is_empty() {
        settings.extend_ignore = cli.extend_ignore;
    }
+    if let Some(target_version) = cli.target_version {
+        settings.target_version = target_version;
+    }
    if let Some(dummy_variable_rgx) = cli.dummy_variable_rgx {
        settings.dummy_variable_rgx = dummy_variable_rgx;
    }
@@ -319,7 +289,7 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
        return Ok(ExitCode::FAILURE);
    }
    if cli.show_settings {
-        show_settings(settings);
+        show_settings(settings, project_root, pyproject);
        return Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS);
    }

@@ -395,7 +365,17 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
            println!("Formatted {modifications} files.");
        }
    } else {
-        let messages = run_once(&cli.files, &settings, !cli.no_cache, cli.fix)?;
+        let messages = if cli.files == vec![PathBuf::from("-")] {
+            if cli.fix {
+                eprintln!("Warning: --fix is not enabled when reading from stdin.");
+            }
+
+            let filename = cli.stdin_filename.unwrap_or_else(|| "-".to_string());
+            let path = Path::new(&filename);
+            run_once_stdin(&settings, path)?
+        } else {
+            run_once(&cli.files, &settings, !cli.no_cache, cli.fix)?
+        };
        if !cli.quiet {
            printer.write_once(&messages)?;
        }
@@ -403,7 +383,7 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
        #[cfg(feature = "update-informer")]
        check_for_updates();

-        if !messages.is_empty() && !cli.exit_zero {
+        if messages.iter().any(|message| !message.fixed) && !cli.exit_zero {
            return Ok(ExitCode::FAILURE);
        }
    }
--- a/src/message.rs
+++ b/src/message.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for Message {
            ":".cyan(),
            self.location.column(),
            ":".cyan(),
-            self.kind.code().as_str().red().bold(),
+            self.kind.code().as_ref().red().bold(),
            self.kind.body()
        )
    }
--- a/src/noqa.rs
+++ b/src/noqa.rs
@@ -104,9 +104,7 @@ fn add_noqa_inner(
            .unwrap_or(lineno);

        if !codes.is_empty() {
-            let matches = matches_by_line
-                .entry(noqa_lineno)
-                .or_insert_with(BTreeSet::new);
+            let matches = matches_by_line.entry(noqa_lineno).or_default();
            matches.append(&mut codes);
        }
    }
@@ -127,7 +125,7 @@ fn add_noqa_inner(
                    Directive::All(start, _) => output.push_str(&line[..start]),
                    Directive::Codes(start, _, _) => output.push_str(&line[..start]),
                };
-                let codes: Vec<&str> = codes.iter().map(|code| code.as_str()).collect();
+                let codes: Vec<&str> = codes.iter().map(|code| code.as_ref()).collect();
                output.push_str("  # noqa: ");
                output.push_str(&codes.join(", "));
                output.push('\n');
@@ -152,12 +150,12 @@ pub fn add_noqa(

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use crate::ast::types::Range;
    use anyhow::Result;
    use rustpython_parser::ast::Location;
    use rustpython_parser::lexer;
    use rustpython_parser::lexer::LexResult;

+    use crate::ast::types::Range;
    use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind};
    use crate::noqa::{add_noqa_inner, extract_noqa_line_for};

--- a/src/plugins.rs
+++ b/src/plugins.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+pub use assert_false::assert_false;
+pub use assert_tuple::assert_tuple;
+pub use deprecated_unittest_alias::deprecated_unittest_alias;
+pub use duplicate_exceptions::duplicate_exceptions;
+pub use if_tuple::if_tuple;
+pub use invalid_print_syntax::invalid_print_syntax;
+pub use print_call::print_call;
+pub use super_call_with_parameters::super_call_with_parameters;
+pub use type_of_primitive::type_of_primitive;
+pub use unnecessary_abspath::unnecessary_abspath;
+pub use use_pep585_annotation::use_pep585_annotation;
+pub use use_pep604_annotation::use_pep604_annotation;
+pub use useless_metaclass_type::useless_metaclass_type;
+pub use useless_object_inheritance::useless_object_inheritance;
+
+mod assert_false;
+mod assert_tuple;
+mod deprecated_unittest_alias;
+mod duplicate_exceptions;
+mod if_tuple;
+mod invalid_print_syntax;
+mod print_call;
+mod super_call_with_parameters;
+mod type_of_primitive;
+mod unnecessary_abspath;
+mod use_pep585_annotation;
+mod use_pep604_annotation;
+mod useless_metaclass_type;
+mod useless_object_inheritance;
--- a/src/plugins/assert_false.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/assert_false.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprContext, ExprKind, Stmt, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn assertion_error(msg: &Option<Box<Expr>>) -> Stmt {
+    Stmt::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        StmtKind::Raise {
+            exc: Some(Box::new(Expr::new(
+                Default::default(),
+                Default::default(),
+                ExprKind::Call {
+                    func: Box::new(Expr::new(
+                        Default::default(),
+                        Default::default(),
+                        ExprKind::Name {
+                            id: "AssertionError".to_string(),
+                            ctx: ExprContext::Load,
+                        },
+                    )),
+                    args: if let Some(msg) = msg {
+                        vec![*msg.clone()]
+                    } else {
+                        vec![]
+                    },
+                    keywords: vec![],
+                },
+            ))),
+            cause: None,
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn assert_false(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr, msg: &Option<Box<Expr>>) {
+    if let ExprKind::Constant {
+        value: Constant::Bool(false),
+        ..
+    } = &test.node
+    {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::DoNotAssertFalse, Range::from_located(test));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+            if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_stmt(&assertion_error(msg)) {
+                if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                    check.amend(Fix {
+                        content,
+                        location: stmt.location,
+                        end_location: stmt.end_location,
+                        applied: false,
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/assert_tuple.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/assert_tuple.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+
+pub fn assert_tuple(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr) {
+    if let Some(check) =
+        checkers::assert_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)))
+    {
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/deprecated_unittest_alias.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/deprecated_unittest_alias.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, ExprKind, Location};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+
+static DEPRECATED_ALIASES: Lazy<BTreeMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeMap::from([
+        ("failUnlessEqual", "assertEqual"),
+        ("assertEquals", "assertEqual"),
+        ("failIfEqual", "assertNotEqual"),
+        ("assertNotEquals", "assertNotEqual"),
+        ("failUnless", "assertTrue"),
+        ("assert_", "assertTrue"),
+        ("failIf", "assertFalse"),
+        ("failUnlessRaises", "assertRaises"),
+        ("failUnlessAlmostEqual", "assertAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertAlmostEquals", "assertAlmostEqual"),
+        ("failIfAlmostEqual", "assertNotAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertNotAlmostEquals", "assertNotAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertRegexpMatches", "assertRegex"),
+        ("assertNotRegexpMatches", "assertNotRegex"),
+        ("assertRaisesRegexp", "assertRaisesRegex"),
+    ])
+});
+
+pub fn deprecated_unittest_alias(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
+    if let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &expr.node {
+        if let Some(target) = DEPRECATED_ALIASES.get(attr.as_str()) {
+            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node {
+                if id == "self" {
+                    let mut check = Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::DeprecatedUnittestAlias(attr.to_string(), target.to_string()),
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    );
+                    if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+                        check.amend(Fix {
+                            content: format!("self.{}", target),
+                            location: Location::new(expr.location.row(), expr.location.column()),
+                            end_location: Location::new(
+                                expr.end_location.row(),
+                                expr.end_location.column(),
+                            ),
+                            applied: false,
+                        });
+                    }
+                    checker.add_check(check);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/duplicate_exceptions.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/duplicate_exceptions.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use rustpython_ast::{Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprContext, ExprKind, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::helpers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn type_pattern(elts: Vec<&Expr>) -> Expr {
+    Expr::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        ExprKind::Tuple {
+            elts: elts.into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+            ctx: ExprContext::Load,
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn duplicate_handler_exceptions(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    expr: &Expr,
+    elts: &Vec<Expr>,
+) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+    let mut seen: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut duplicates: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut unique_elts: Vec<&Expr> = Default::default();
+    for type_ in elts {
+        if let Some(name) = helpers::compose_call_path(type_) {
+            if seen.contains(&name) {
+                duplicates.insert(name);
+            } else {
+                seen.insert(name);
+                unique_elts.push(type_);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::B014) {
+        // TODO(charlie): Handle "BaseException" and redundant exception aliases.
+        if !duplicates.is_empty() {
+            let mut check = Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DuplicateHandlerException(
+                    duplicates.into_iter().sorted().collect::<Vec<String>>(),
+                ),
+                checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)),
+            );
+            if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+                // TODO(charlie): If we have a single element, remove the tuple.
+                let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&type_pattern(unique_elts), 0) {
+                    if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                        check.amend(Fix {
+                            content,
+                            location: expr.location,
+                            end_location: expr.end_location,
+                            applied: false,
+                        })
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            checker.add_check(check);
+        }
+    }
+
+    seen
+}
+
+pub fn duplicate_exceptions(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, handlers: &[Excepthandler]) {
+    let mut seen: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut duplicates: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    for handler in handlers {
+        match &handler.node {
+            ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } => {
+                if let Some(type_) = type_ {
+                    match &type_.node {
+                        ExprKind::Attribute { .. } | ExprKind::Name { .. } => {
+                            if let Some(name) = helpers::compose_call_path(type_) {
+                                if seen.contains(&name) {
+                                    duplicates.insert(name);
+                                } else {
+                                    seen.insert(name);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                            for name in duplicate_handler_exceptions(checker, type_, elts) {
+                                if seen.contains(&name) {
+                                    duplicates.insert(name);
+                                } else {
+                                    seen.insert(name);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::B025) {
+        for duplicate in duplicates.into_iter().sorted() {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DuplicateTryBlockException(duplicate),
+                checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)),
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/if_tuple.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/if_tuple.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+
+pub fn if_tuple(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr) {
+    if let Some(check) = checkers::if_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt))) {
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/invalid_print_syntax.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/invalid_print_syntax.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, ExprKind};
+
+use crate::ast::types::{Binding, BindingKind, Range};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind};
+
+pub fn invalid_print_syntax(checker: &mut Checker, left: &Expr) {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &left.node {
+        if id == "print" {
+            let scope = checker.current_scope();
+            if let Some(Binding {
+                kind: BindingKind::Builtin,
+                ..
+            }) = scope.values.get("print")
+            {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::InvalidPrintSyntax,
+                    Range::from_located(left),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/print_call.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/print_call.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+use log::error;
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::CheckCode;
+
+pub fn print_call(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr) {
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::print_call(
+        expr,
+        func,
+        checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::T201),
+        checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::T203),
+    ) {
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let context = checker.binding_context();
+            if matches!(
+                checker.parents[context.defined_by].node,
+                StmtKind::Expr { .. }
+            ) {
+                let deleted: Vec<&Stmt> = checker
+                    .deletions
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|index| checker.parents[*index])
+                    .collect();
+
+                match fixes::remove_stmt(
+                    checker.parents[context.defined_by],
+                    context.defined_in.map(|index| checker.parents[index]),
+                    &deleted,
+                ) {
+                    Ok(fix) => {
+                        if fix.content.is_empty() || fix.content == "pass" {
+                            checker.deletions.insert(context.defined_by);
+                        }
+                        check.amend(fix)
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => error!("Failed to fix unused imports: {}", e),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/super_call_with_parameters.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/super_call_with_parameters.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::{checkers, helpers};
+use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+
+pub fn super_call_with_parameters(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &Vec<Expr>,
+) {
+    // Only bother going through the super check at all if we're in a `super` call.
+    // (We check this in `check_super_args` too, so this is just an optimization.)
+    if helpers::is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
+        let scope = checker.current_scope();
+        let parents: Vec<&Stmt> = checker
+            .parent_stack
+            .iter()
+            .map(|index| checker.parents[*index])
+            .collect();
+        if let Some(mut check) = checkers::super_args(scope, &parents, expr, func, args) {
+            if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+                if let Some(fix) = fixes::remove_super_arguments(&mut checker.locator, expr) {
+                    check.amend(fix);
+                }
+            }
+            checker.add_check(check)
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/type_of_primitive.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/type_of_primitive.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+use rustpython_ast::Expr;
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{CheckKind, Fix};
+
+pub fn type_of_primitive(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) {
+    if let Some(mut check) =
+        checkers::type_of_primitive(func, args, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)))
+    {
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            if let CheckKind::TypeOfPrimitive(primitive) = &check.kind {
+                check.amend(Fix {
+                    content: primitive.builtin(),
+                    location: expr.location,
+                    end_location: expr.end_location,
+                    applied: false,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/unnecessary_abspath.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/unnecessary_abspath.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use rustpython_ast::Expr;
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::Fix;
+
+pub fn unnecessary_abspath(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) {
+    if let Some(mut check) =
+        checkers::unnecessary_abspath(func, args, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)))
+    {
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            check.amend(Fix {
+                content: "__file__".to_string(),
+                location: expr.location,
+                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                applied: false,
+            });
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/use_pep585_annotation.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/use_pep585_annotation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use rustpython_ast::Expr;
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::python::typing;
+
+pub fn use_pep585_annotation(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, id: &str) {
+    // TODO(charlie): Verify that the builtin is imported from the `typing` module.
+    if typing::is_pep585_builtin(id) {
+        let mut check = Check::new(
+            CheckKind::UsePEP585Annotation(id.to_string()),
+            Range::from_located(expr),
+        );
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            check.amend(Fix {
+                content: id.to_lowercase(),
+                location: expr.location,
+                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                applied: false,
+            })
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/use_pep604_annotation.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/use_pep604_annotation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, Operator};
+
+use crate::ast::helpers::match_name_or_attr;
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn optional(expr: &Expr) -> Expr {
+    Expr::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        ExprKind::BinOp {
+            left: Box::new(expr.clone()),
+            op: Operator::BitOr,
+            right: Box::new(Expr::new(
+                Default::default(),
+                Default::default(),
+                ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::None,
+                    kind: None,
+                },
+            )),
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+fn union(elts: &[Expr]) -> Expr {
+    if elts.len() == 1 {
+        elts[0].clone()
+    } else {
+        Expr::new(
+            Default::default(),
+            Default::default(),
+            ExprKind::BinOp {
+                left: Box::new(union(&elts[..elts.len() - 1])),
+                op: Operator::BitOr,
+                right: Box::new(elts[elts.len() - 1].clone()),
+            },
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn use_pep604_annotation(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, value: &Expr, slice: &Expr) {
+    if match_name_or_attr(value, "Optional") {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::UsePEP604Annotation, Range::from_located(expr));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+            if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&optional(slice), 0) {
+                if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                    check.amend(Fix {
+                        content,
+                        location: expr.location,
+                        end_location: expr.end_location,
+                        applied: false,
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    } else if match_name_or_attr(value, "Union") {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::UsePEP604Annotation, Range::from_located(expr));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            match &slice.node {
+                ExprKind::Slice { .. } => {
+                    // Invalid type annotation.
+                }
+                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                    let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                    if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&union(elts), 0) {
+                        if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                            check.amend(Fix {
+                                content,
+                                location: expr.location,
+                                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                                applied: false,
+                            })
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // Single argument.
+                    let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                    if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(slice, 0) {
+                        if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                            check.amend(Fix {
+                                content,
+                                location: expr.location,
+                                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                                applied: false,
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/useless_metaclass_type.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/useless_metaclass_type.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+use log::error;
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+
+pub fn useless_metaclass_type(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    stmt: &Stmt,
+    value: &Expr,
+    targets: &Vec<Expr>,
+) {
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::useless_metaclass_type(
+        targets,
+        value,
+        checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)),
+    ) {
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let context = checker.binding_context();
+            let deleted: Vec<&Stmt> = checker
+                .deletions
+                .iter()
+                .map(|index| checker.parents[*index])
+                .collect();
+
+            match fixes::remove_stmt(
+                checker.parents[context.defined_by],
+                context.defined_in.map(|index| checker.parents[index]),
+                &deleted,
+            ) {
+                Ok(fix) => {
+                    if fix.content.is_empty() || fix.content == "pass" {
+                        checker.deletions.insert(context.defined_by);
+                    }
+                    check.amend(fix)
+                }
+                Err(e) => error!("Failed to fix unused imports: {}", e),
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/useless_object_inheritance.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/useless_object_inheritance.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Keyword, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::checkers;
+use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+
+pub fn useless_object_inheritance(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    stmt: &Stmt,
+    name: &str,
+    bases: &[Expr],
+    keywords: &[Keyword],
+) {
+    let scope = checker.current_scope();
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::useless_object_inheritance(name, bases, scope) {
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            if let Some(fix) = fixes::remove_class_def_base(
+                &mut checker.locator,
+                &stmt.location,
+                check.location,
+                bases,
+                keywords,
+            ) {
+                check.amend(fix);
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/pyproject.rs
+++ b/src/pyproject.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer};

 use crate::checks::CheckCode;
 use crate::fs;
+use crate::settings::PythonVersion;

 pub fn load_config(pyproject: &Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<Config> {
    match pyproject {
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ pub struct Config {
    #[serde(default)]
    pub per_file_ignores: Vec<StrCheckCodePair>,
    pub dummy_variable_rgx: Option<String>,
+    pub target_version: Option<PythonVersion>,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -152,12 +154,13 @@ mod tests {

    use anyhow::Result;

-    use super::StrCheckCodePair;
    use crate::checks::CheckCode;
    use crate::pyproject::{
        find_project_root, find_pyproject_toml, parse_pyproject_toml, Config, PyProject, Tools,
    };

+    use super::StrCheckCodePair;
+
    #[test]
    fn deserialize() -> Result<()> {
        let pyproject: PyProject = toml::from_str(r#""#)?;
@@ -189,6 +192,7 @@ mod tests {
                    extend_ignore: vec![],
                    per_file_ignores: vec![],
                    dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                    target_version: None,
                })
            })
        );
@@ -213,6 +217,7 @@ line-length = 79
                    extend_ignore: vec![],
                    per_file_ignores: vec![],
                    dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                    target_version: None,
                })
            })
        );
@@ -237,6 +242,7 @@ exclude = ["foo.py"]
                    extend_ignore: vec![],
                    per_file_ignores: vec![],
                    dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                    target_version: None,
                })
            })
        );
@@ -261,6 +267,7 @@ select = ["E501"]
                    extend_ignore: vec![],
                    per_file_ignores: vec![],
                    dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                    target_version: None,
                })
            })
        );
@@ -286,6 +293,7 @@ ignore = ["E501"]
                    extend_ignore: vec![],
                    per_file_ignores: vec![],
                    dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                    target_version: None,
                })
            })
        );
@@ -354,6 +362,7 @@ other-attribute = 1
                extend_ignore: vec![],
                per_file_ignores: vec![],
                dummy_variable_rgx: None,
+                target_version: None,
            }
        );

--- a/src/python/typing.rs
+++ b/src/python/typing.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ static ANNOTATED_SUBSCRIPTS: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
        "AbstractAsyncContextManager",
        "AbstractContextManager",
        "AbstractSet",
+        // "Annotated",
        "AsyncContextManager",
        "AsyncGenerator",
        "AsyncIterable",
@@ -87,3 +88,14 @@ static ANNOTATED_SUBSCRIPTS: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
 pub fn is_annotated_subscript(name: &str) -> bool {
    ANNOTATED_SUBSCRIPTS.contains(name)
 }
+
+pub fn is_pep593_annotated_subscript(name: &str) -> bool {
+    name == "Annotated"
+}
+
+static PEP_585_BUILTINS: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> =
+    Lazy::new(|| BTreeSet::from(["Dict", "FrozenSet", "List", "Set", "Tuple", "Type"]));
+
+pub fn is_pep585_builtin(name: &str) -> bool {
+    PEP_585_BUILTINS.contains(name)
+}
--- a/src/settings.rs
+++ b/src/settings.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,50 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::str::FromStr;

 use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
 use glob::Pattern;
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use regex::Regex;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

 use crate::checks::{CheckCode, DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES};
 use crate::fs;
 use crate::pyproject::{load_config, StrCheckCodePair};

+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialOrd, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum PythonVersion {
+    Py33,
+    Py34,
+    Py35,
+    Py36,
+    Py37,
+    Py38,
+    Py39,
+    Py310,
+    Py311,
+}
+
+impl FromStr for PythonVersion {
+    type Err = anyhow::Error;
+
+    fn from_str(string: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        match string {
+            "py33" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py33),
+            "py34" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py34),
+            "py35" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py35),
+            "py36" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py36),
+            "py37" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py37),
+            "py38" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py38),
+            "py39" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py39),
+            "py310" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py310),
+            "py311" => Ok(PythonVersion::Py311),
+            _ => Err(anyhow!("Unknown version: {}", string)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash)]
 pub enum FilePattern {
    Simple(&'static str),
@@ -60,9 +94,8 @@ pub struct RawSettings {
    pub ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
    pub line_length: usize,
    pub per_file_ignores: Vec<PerFileIgnore>,
-    pub project_root: Option<PathBuf>,
-    pub pyproject: Option<PathBuf>,
    pub select: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    pub target_version: PythonVersion,
 }

 static DEFAULT_EXCLUDE: Lazy<Vec<FilePattern>> = Lazy::new(|| {
@@ -94,44 +127,43 @@ static DEFAULT_DUMMY_VARIABLE_RGX: Lazy<Regex> =

 impl RawSettings {
    pub fn from_pyproject(
-        pyproject: Option<PathBuf>,
-        project_root: Option<PathBuf>,
+        pyproject: &Option<PathBuf>,
+        project_root: &Option<PathBuf>,
    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let config = load_config(&pyproject)?;
+        let config = load_config(pyproject)?;
        Ok(RawSettings {
            dummy_variable_rgx: match config.dummy_variable_rgx {
                Some(pattern) => Regex::new(&pattern)
                    .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Invalid dummy-variable-rgx value: {e}"))?,
                None => DEFAULT_DUMMY_VARIABLE_RGX.clone(),
            },
+            target_version: config.target_version.unwrap_or(PythonVersion::Py310),
            exclude: config
                .exclude
                .map(|paths| {
                    paths
                        .iter()
-                        .map(|path| FilePattern::from_user(path, &project_root))
+                        .map(|path| FilePattern::from_user(path, project_root))
                        .collect()
                })
                .unwrap_or_else(|| DEFAULT_EXCLUDE.clone()),
            extend_exclude: config
                .extend_exclude
                .iter()
-                .map(|path| FilePattern::from_user(path, &project_root))
+                .map(|path| FilePattern::from_user(path, project_root))
                .collect(),
            extend_ignore: config.extend_ignore,
+            select: config
+                .select
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES.to_vec()),
            extend_select: config.extend_select,
            ignore: config.ignore,
            line_length: config.line_length.unwrap_or(88),
            per_file_ignores: config
                .per_file_ignores
                .into_iter()
-                .map(|pair| PerFileIgnore::new(pair, &project_root))
+                .map(|pair| PerFileIgnore::new(pair, project_root))
                .collect(),
-            project_root,
-            pyproject,
-            select: config
-                .select
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES.to_vec()),
        })
    }
 }
@@ -144,6 +176,7 @@ pub struct Settings {
    pub extend_exclude: Vec<FilePattern>,
    pub line_length: usize,
    pub per_file_ignores: Vec<PerFileIgnore>,
+    pub target_version: PythonVersion,
 }

 impl Settings {
@@ -165,6 +198,7 @@ impl Settings {
            extend_exclude: settings.extend_exclude,
            line_length: settings.line_length,
            per_file_ignores: settings.per_file_ignores,
+            target_version: PythonVersion::Py310,
        }
    }

@@ -176,6 +210,7 @@ impl Settings {
            extend_exclude: vec![],
            line_length: 88,
            per_file_ignores: vec![],
+            target_version: PythonVersion::Py310,
        }
    }

@@ -187,6 +222,7 @@ impl Settings {
            extend_exclude: vec![],
            line_length: 88,
            per_file_ignores: vec![],
+            target_version: PythonVersion::Py310,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -238,13 +274,18 @@ pub struct CurrentSettings {
    pub ignore: Vec<CheckCode>,
    pub line_length: usize,
    pub per_file_ignores: Vec<PerFileIgnore>,
+    pub select: Vec<CheckCode>,
+    pub target_version: PythonVersion,
    pub project_root: Option<PathBuf>,
    pub pyproject: Option<PathBuf>,
-    pub select: Vec<CheckCode>,
 }

 impl CurrentSettings {
-    pub fn from_settings(settings: RawSettings) -> Self {
+    pub fn from_settings(
+        settings: RawSettings,
+        project_root: Option<PathBuf>,
+        pyproject: Option<PathBuf>,
+    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            dummy_variable_rgx: settings.dummy_variable_rgx,
            exclude: settings
@@ -262,9 +303,10 @@ impl CurrentSettings {
            ignore: settings.ignore,
            line_length: settings.line_length,
            per_file_ignores: settings.per_file_ignores,
-            project_root: settings.project_root,
-            pyproject: settings.pyproject,
            select: settings.select,
+            target_version: settings.target_version,
+            project_root,
+            pyproject,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b011.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b011.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: DoNotAssertFalse
+  location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 8
+  end_location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 13
+  fix:
+    content: raise AssertionError()
+    location:
+      row: 8
+      column: 1
+    end_location:
+      row: 8
+      column: 13
+    applied: false
+- kind: DoNotAssertFalse
+  location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 8
+  end_location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 13
+  fix:
+    content: "raise AssertionError(\"message\")"
+    location:
+      row: 10
+      column: 1
+    end_location:
+      row: 10
+      column: 24
+    applied: false
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b014.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b014.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - OSError
+  location:
+    row: 17
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 17
+    column: 25
+  fix:
+    content: "OSError,"
+    location:
+      row: 17
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 17
+      column: 25
+    applied: false
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - MyError
+  location:
+    row: 28
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 28
+    column: 25
+  fix:
+    content: "MyError,"
+    location:
+      row: 28
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 28
+      column: 25
+    applied: false
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - re.error
+  location:
+    row: 49
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 49
+    column: 27
+  fix:
+    content: "re.error,"
+    location:
+      row: 49
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 49
+      column: 27
+    applied: false
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b025.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__b025.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: ValueError
+  location:
+    row: 15
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: pickle.PickleError
+  location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: TypeError
+  location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 39
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: ValueError
+  location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 39
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c400.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c400.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryGeneratorList
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 30
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c401.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c401.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryGeneratorList
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 29
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c402.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c402.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 35
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c403.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c403.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryListComprehensionSet
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 31
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c404.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c404.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 37
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c405.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c405.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c406.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c406.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 20
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 21
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c408.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c408.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 11
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: dict
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: dict
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c409.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c409.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c410.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c410.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c414.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c414.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - tuple
+  location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 16
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - set
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 6
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 6
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 7
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 7
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - sorted
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 9
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 9
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - reversed
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 11
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 11
+    column: 16
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 12
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 12
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - sorted
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 13
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 13
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - reversed
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 20
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c415.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__c415.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: set
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: reversed
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 24
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: sorted
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 22
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: sorted
+  location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 36
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d100.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d100.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicModule
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d101.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d101.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicClass
+  location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 67
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d102.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d102.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 25
+    column: 5
+  fix: ~
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 51
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 54
+    column: 5
+  fix: ~
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 63
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 67
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d103.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__d103.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicFunction
+  location:
+    row: 395
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 396
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Charlie Marsh	2f69be0d41	Bump version to 0.0.71	2022-10-12 17:14:28 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	54cb2eb15b	Only run section checks when CheckCodes are enabled	2022-10-12 17:14:16 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	167992ad48	Implement D407, D408, D409, D412, and D414 (#413 )	2022-10-12 17:12:54 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	f0dab24079	Implement D405, D406, D410, D411, and D413 (#411 )	2022-10-12 16:31:14 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	77055faab6	Implement D404 and D418 for pydocstyle (#409 )	2022-10-12 13:20:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e08e1caf71	Bump version to 0.0.70	2022-10-12 12:59:14 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	0072dfd81e	Implement C414 (#406 )	2022-10-12 12:58:46 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6ffe02ee05	Pass around VisibleScope	2022-10-12 12:52:48 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	688fc0cd02	Implement docstring visibility checks (#408 )	2022-10-12 12:46:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	f30e5e45ab	Remove initial field	2022-10-12 11:07:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	1a68a38306	Enable definition tracking for docstrings (#407 )	2022-10-12 11:06:28 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	590aa92ead	Implement D201, D202, D203, D204, and D211 (#404 )	2022-10-11 21:08:30 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	8868f57a74	Implement D402 for pydocstyle (#403 )	2022-10-11 13:19:56 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71802f8861	Bump version to 0.0.69	2022-10-11 12:54:56 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	5b6fb8cefa	Skip docstring checks for empty docstrings (#402 )	2022-10-11 12:54:30 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2ff964107c	Add D212, D213, D300, D403, and D415 (#400 )	2022-10-11 12:48:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	141132d5be	Add fake setup.py (#399 )	2022-10-11 12:38:48 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	8ba872ece4	Support linting input from stdin (#387 )	2022-10-11 09:56:20 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	209dce2033	Fix missing backtick	2022-10-10 17:23:58 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	90d88dfb10	Make pyupgrade tally more precise	2022-10-10 17:18:20 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4730911b25	Bump version to 0.0.68	2022-10-10 16:50:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4e9fb9907a	Implement D205, D209, and D210 (#398 )	2022-10-10 16:49:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b8dce8922d	Implement D200 (OneLinerDocstring) (#397 )	2022-10-10 16:07:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	30877127bc	Implement D400 (DocstringEndsInNonPeriod) (#396 )	2022-10-10 15:35:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	8b66bbdc9b	Regenerate rules table	2022-10-10 15:18:18 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71d3a84b14	Implement D410 (EmptyDocstring) (#395 )	2022-10-10 15:15:38 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	323a5c857c	Implement docstring tracking (#394 )	2022-10-10 15:15:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	42cec3f5a0	Regenerate rules table	2022-10-10 14:02:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	ee42413e10	Enable autofix for B014	2022-10-10 13:18:43 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	765db12b84	Remove check_ prefix from check utilities (#393 )	2022-10-10 12:58:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e1b711d9c6	Bump version to 0.0.67	2022-10-10 12:55:04 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	35f593846e	Implement B014 from flake8-bugbear (#392 )	2022-10-10 12:53:42 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	c384fa513b	Implement B025 from flake8-bugbear (#391 )	2022-10-10 12:18:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	022ff64d29	Implement B011 from flake8-bugbear (#390 )	2022-10-10 10:55:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	5a06fb28fd	Bump version to 0.0.66	2022-10-10 10:03:59 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	46750a3e17	Flag unimplemented error codes in M001 (#388 )	2022-10-10 10:03:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	9cc902b802	Avoid F821 false-positives with NameError (#386 )	2022-10-10 09:39:59 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	c2a36ebd1e	Implement C410 (#382 )	2022-10-09 23:33:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	34ca225393	Rename flakes8 to flake8	2022-10-09 23:02:44 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	38c30905e6	Implement C409 (#381 )	2022-10-09 22:34:52 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2774194b03	Bump version to 0.0.65	2022-10-09 22:14:04 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71ebd39f35	Extend assertEquals check to all deprecated unittest aliases (#380 )	2022-10-09 22:13:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	a2f78ba2c7	Fix auto-fix for assertEquals rename	2022-10-09 22:11:32 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b51a080a44	Rename SPR001 to U008 (#379 )	2022-10-09 21:58:22 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6a1d7d8a1c	Defer string annotations even when futures annotations are enabled (#378 )	2022-10-09 18:28:29 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	10b250ee57	Bump version to 0.0.64	2022-10-09 17:38:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	30b1b1e15a	Treat TypeAlias values as annotations (#377 )	2022-10-09 17:37:19 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	aafe7c0c39	Mark aliased submodule imports as used (#374 )	2022-10-09 17:01:14 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	f060248656	Fix collapsed message (#372 )	2022-10-09 13:01:36 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	bbe0220c72	Implement C415 (#371 )	2022-10-09 10:12:58 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	129e2b6ad3	Bump version to 0.0.63	2022-10-08 22:51:49 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	73e744b1d0	Create unified Expr for PEP 604 rewrites (#370 )	2022-10-08 22:13:00 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	50a3fc5a67	Move some code into helpers.rs	2022-10-08 20:45:15 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	de499f0258	Optimize imports	2022-10-08 20:39:13 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e1abe37c6a	Bump version to 0.0.62	2022-10-08 20:28:38 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	7fe5945541	Implement PEP 604 annotation rewrites (#369 )	2022-10-08 20:28:00 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	806f3fd4f6	Implement PEP 585 annotation rewrites (#368 )	2022-10-08 18:22:24 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2bba643dd2	Use strum to facilitate simple enum serialization (#367 )	2022-10-08 17:47:25 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	54090bd7ac	Use strum to iterate over all check codes (#366 )	2022-10-08 17:41:47 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	c62727db42	Bump version to 0.0.61	2022-10-08 17:25:36 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	d0e1612507	Check newline ending on contents directly (#365 )	2022-10-08 17:25:22 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	5ccd907398	Implement C408 (#364 )	2022-10-08 17:17:34 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	346610c2e3	Implement C406 (#363 )	2022-10-08 11:15:41 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	307fa26515	Implement C405 (#362 )	2022-10-08 09:03:21 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	136d412edd	Add missing C400,C401, and C402 to `CheckCode.from_str` (#361 )	2022-10-08 09:02:03 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	d9edec0ac9	Implement C402 (#359 )	2022-10-07 22:57:04 -04:00
Chris Pryer	473675fffb	Add check for W292 (#339 )	2022-10-07 21:10:16 -04:00
Steven Maude	95dfc61315	Update GitHub Actions versions in README (#358 )	2022-10-07 20:24:00 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	dd496c7b52	Bump version to 0.0.60	2022-10-07 17:36:33 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	78aafb4b34	Warn the user if an explicitly selected check code is ignored (#356 )	2022-10-07 17:36:17 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	99c66d513a	Rename refactor checks to upgrade checks (#354 )	2022-10-07 16:54:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	04ade6a2f3	Update README.md	2022-10-07 16:50:17 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4cf2682cda	Implement type(primitive) (#353 )	2022-10-07 16:47:06 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e3a7357187	Wrap each import in its own backticks (#346 )	2022-10-07 15:58:30 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b60768debb	Remove erroneous output.py file	2022-10-07 15:04:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	25e476639f	Use or_default in lieu of or_insert	2022-10-07 14:56:56 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4645788205	Bump version to 0.0.59	2022-10-07 14:55:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	0b9eda8836	Add target Python version as a configurable setting (#344 )	2022-10-07 14:54:50 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	ad23d6acee	Remove :: prefix for ruff imports	2022-10-07 14:24:51 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	e3d1d01a1f	Implement C401 (#343 )	2022-10-07 13:00:22 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	6dfdd21a7c	Implement C400 (#340 )	2022-10-07 12:16:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	f17d3b3c44	Bump version to 0.0.58	2022-10-07 12:14:03 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	da6b913317	Exit 0 if all errors are fixed (#342 )	2022-10-07 12:13:15 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	bd34850f98	Implement C404 (#338 )	2022-10-07 08:53:18 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	d5b33cdb40	Add missing snapshot for U002	2022-10-07 08:48:59 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	3fb4cf7009	Hide autoformat argument	2022-10-06 22:56:01 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6e19539e28	Enable abspath(__file__) removal (#336 )	2022-10-06 22:49:06 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4eac7a07f5	Mention flake8-comprehensions in README	2022-10-06 16:26:21 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	5141285c8e	Implement C403 (#335 )	2022-10-06 16:24:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	82cc139d2d	Bump version to 0.0.57	2022-10-06 09:16:56 -04:00
Adrian Garcia Badaracco	df438ba051	Support PEP 593 annotations (#333 )	2022-10-06 09:16:07 -04:00
Adrian Garcia Badaracco	a70624cd47	add instructions for setting up cargo insta (#334 )	2022-10-06 08:01:11 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b307afc00c	Move some accesses behind a shared function	2022-10-05 14:54:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	3d5bc1f51f	Migrate Checker logic to independent plugins (#331 )	2022-10-05 14:08:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	aba01745f5	Bump version to 0.0.56	2022-10-05 11:58:54 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	1eeeffab66	Add T201 and T203 to string conversion match (#332 )	2022-10-05 11:58:33 -04:00