Bump version to 0.0.73

Implement docstring argument tracking for NumPy-style docstrings (#425 )
Use test_case for macro-driven check tests (#424 )
2022-10-14 10:18:42 -04:00 · 2022-10-14 10:18:07 -04:00 · 2022-10-13 18:51:01 -04:00 · 2022-10-13 18:13:41 -04:00 · 2022-10-13 11:15:41 -04:00 · 2022-10-13 09:48:27 -04:00
197 changed files with 7721 additions and 1544 deletions
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -64,6 +64,20 @@ dependencies = [
 "term",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "assert_cmd"
+version = "2.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93ae1ddd39efd67689deb1979d80bad3bf7f2b09c6e6117c8d1f2443b5e2f83e"
+dependencies = [
+ "bstr",
+ "doc-comment",
+ "predicates",
+ "predicates-core",
+ "predicates-tree",
+ "wait-timeout",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "async-channel"
 version = "1.7.1"
@@ -580,6 +594,12 @@ version = "0.1.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "56254986775e3233ffa9c4d7d3faaf6d36a2c09d30b20687e9f88bc8bafc16c8"

+[[package]]
+name = "difflib"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6184e33543162437515c2e2b48714794e37845ec9851711914eec9d308f6ebe8"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "digest"
 version = "0.8.1"
@@ -658,6 +678,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "winapi 0.3.9",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "doc-comment"
+version = "0.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fea41bba32d969b513997752735605054bc0dfa92b4c56bf1189f2e174be7a10"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.8.0"
@@ -1089,6 +1115,12 @@ version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6c8af84674fe1f223a982c933a0ee1086ac4d4052aa0fb8060c12c6ad838e754"

+[[package]]
+name = "joinery"
+version = "2.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72167d68f5fce3b8655487b8038691a3c9984ee769590f93f2a631f4ad64e4f5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
 version = "0.3.60"
@@ -1685,6 +1717,33 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "925383efa346730478fb4838dbe9137d2a47675ad789c546d150a6e1dd4ab31c"

+[[package]]
+name = "predicates"
+version = "2.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a5aab5be6e4732b473071984b3164dbbfb7a3674d30ea5ff44410b6bcd960c3c"
+dependencies = [
+ "difflib",
+ "itertools",
+ "predicates-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "predicates-core"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "da1c2388b1513e1b605fcec39a95e0a9e8ef088f71443ef37099fa9ae6673fcb"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "predicates-tree"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4d86de6de25020a36c6d3643a86d9a6a9f552107c0559c60ea03551b5e16c032"
+dependencies = [
+ "predicates-core",
+ "termtree",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro-error"
 version = "1.0.4"
@@ -1907,9 +1966,10 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ruff"
-version = "0.0.60"
+version = "0.0.73"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
+ "assert_cmd",
 "bincode",
 "cacache",
 "chrono",
@@ -1926,6 +1986,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "libcst",
 "log",
 "notify",
+ "num-bigint",
 "once_cell",
 "path-absolutize",
 "rayon",
@@ -1935,6 +1996,10 @@ dependencies = [
 "rustpython-parser",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
+ "strum",
+ "strum_macros",
+ "test-case",
+ "titlecase",
 "toml",
 "update-informer",
 "walkdir",
@@ -1955,7 +2020,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-ast"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "num-bigint",
 "rustpython-common",
@@ -1965,7 +2030,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-common"
 version = "0.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "ascii",
 "cfg-if 1.0.0",
@@ -1988,7 +2053,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-compiler-core"
 version = "0.1.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "bincode",
 "bitflags",
@@ -2005,7 +2070,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rustpython-parser"
 version = "0.1.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641#4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641"
+source = "git+https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git?rev=778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f#778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "anyhow",
@@ -2252,6 +2317,28 @@ version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "73473c0e59e6d5812c5dfe2a064a6444949f089e20eec9a2e5506596494e4623"

+[[package]]
+name = "strum"
+version = "0.24.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "063e6045c0e62079840579a7e47a355ae92f60eb74daaf156fb1e84ba164e63f"
+dependencies = [
+ "strum_macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "strum_macros"
+version = "0.24.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e385be0d24f186b4ce2f9982191e7101bb737312ad61c1f2f984f34bcf85d59"
+dependencies = [
+ "heck",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "rustversion",
+ "syn",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
 version = "1.0.101"
@@ -2320,6 +2407,34 @@ dependencies = [
 "phf_codegen 0.8.0",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "termtree"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "507e9898683b6c43a9aa55b64259b721b52ba226e0f3779137e50ad114a4c90b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "test-case"
+version = "2.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "21d6cf5a7dffb3f9dceec8e6b8ca528d9bd71d36c9f074defb548ce161f598c0"
+dependencies = [
+ "test-case-macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "test-case-macros"
+version = "2.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e45b7bf6e19353ddd832745c8fcf77a17a93171df7151187f26623f2b75b5b26"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if 1.0.0",
+ "proc-macro-error",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
 version = "1.0.37"
@@ -2375,6 +2490,17 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cda74da7e1a664f795bb1f8a87ec406fb89a02522cf6e50620d016add6dbbf5c"

+[[package]]
+name = "titlecase"
+version = "2.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "38397a8cdb017cfeb48bf6c154d6de975ac69ffeed35980fde199d2ee0842042"
+dependencies = [
+ "joinery",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "regex",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "toml"
 version = "0.5.9"
@@ -2568,6 +2694,15 @@ version = "0.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f8e76fae08f03f96e166d2dfda232190638c10e0383841252416f9cfe2ae60e6"

+[[package]]
+name = "wait-timeout"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9f200f5b12eb75f8c1ed65abd4b2db8a6e1b138a20de009dacee265a2498f3f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "waker-fn"
 version = "1.1.0"
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "ruff"
-version = "0.0.60"
+version = "0.0.73"
 edition = "2021"

 [lib]
@@ -23,21 +23,27 @@ itertools = { version = "0.10.5" }
 libcst = { git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/LibCST", rev = "32a044c127668df44582f85699358e67803b0d73" }
 log = { version = "0.4.17" }
 notify = { version = "4.0.17" }
+num-bigint = { version = "0.4.3" }
 once_cell = { version = "1.13.1" }
 path-absolutize = { version = "3.0.13", features = ["once_cell_cache"] }
 rayon = { version = "1.5.3" }
 regex = { version = "1.6.0" }
-rustpython-ast = { features = ["unparse"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
-rustpython-parser = { features = ["lalrpop"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
-rustpython-common = { git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "4f457893efc381ad5c432576b24bcc7e4a08c641" }
+rustpython-ast = { features = ["unparse"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
+rustpython-common = { git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
+rustpython-parser = { features = ["lalrpop"], git = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/RustPython.git", rev = "778ae2aeb521d0438d2a91bd11238bb5c2bf9d4f" }
 serde = { version = "1.0.143", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.83" }
+strum = { version = "0.24.1", features = ["strum_macros"] }
+strum_macros = { version = "0.24.3" }
+titlecase = { version = "2.2.1" }
 toml = { version = "0.5.9" }
 update-informer = { version = "0.5.0", default_features = false, features = ["pypi"], optional = true }
 walkdir = { version = "2.3.2" }

 [dev-dependencies]
+assert_cmd = { version = "2.0.4" }
 insta = { version = "1.19.1", features = ["yaml"] }
+test-case = { version = "2.2.2" }

 [features]
 default = ["update-informer"]
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ ruff also works with [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com):
 ```yaml
 repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.0.48
+    rev: v0.0.73
    hooks:
      - id: lint
 ```
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ Arguments:
  <FILES>...

 Options:
+      --config <CONFIG>
+          Path to the `pyproject.toml` file to use for configuration
  -v, --verbose
          Enable verbose logging
  -q, --quiet
@@ -132,6 +134,8 @@ Options:
          Regular expression matching the name of dummy variables
      --target-version <TARGET_VERSION>
          The minimum Python version that should be supported
+      --stdin-filename <STDIN_FILENAME>
+          The name of the file when passing it through stdin
  -h, --help
          Print help information
  -V, --version
@@ -215,8 +219,10 @@ ruff also implements some of the most popular Flake8 plugins natively, including
 - [`flake8-builtins`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-builtins/)
 - [`flake8-super`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-super/)
 - [`flake8-print`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-print/)
- [`flake8-comprehensions`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-comprehensions/) (partial)
- [`pyupgrade`](https://pypi.org/project/pyupgrade/) (partial)
+- [`flake8-comprehensions`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-comprehensions/) (15/16)
+- [`flake8-bugbear`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-bugbear/) (3/32)
+- [`flake8-docstrings`](https://pypi.org/project/flake8-docstrings/) (37/48)
+- [`pyupgrade`](https://pypi.org/project/pyupgrade/) (8/34)

 Beyond rule-set parity, ruff suffers from the following limitations vis-à-vis Flake8:

@@ -246,6 +252,7 @@ The 🛠 emoji indicates that a rule is automatically fixable by the `--fix` com
 | E743 | AmbiguousFunctionName | Ambiguous function name: `...` | ✅ |  |
 | E902 | IOError | IOError: `...` | ✅ |  |
 | E999 | SyntaxError | SyntaxError: `...` | ✅ |  |
+| W292 | NoNewLineAtEndOfFile | No newline at end of file | ✅ |  |
 | F401 | UnusedImport | `...` imported but unused | ✅ | 🛠 |
 | F402 | ImportShadowedByLoopVar | Import `...` from line 1 shadowed by loop variable | ✅ |  |
 | F403 | ImportStarUsed | `from ... import *` used; unable to detect undefined names | ✅ |  |
@@ -277,18 +284,74 @@ The 🛠 emoji indicates that a rule is automatically fixable by the `--fix` com
 | A001 | BuiltinVariableShadowing | Variable `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
 | A002 | BuiltinArgumentShadowing | Argument `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
 | A003 | BuiltinAttributeShadowing | Class attribute `...` is shadowing a python builtin |  |  |
+| B011 | DoNotAssertFalse | Do not `assert False` (`python -O` removes these calls), raise `AssertionError()` |  | 🛠 |
+| B014 | DuplicateHandlerException | Exception handler with duplicate exception: `ValueError` |  | 🛠 |
+| B025 | DuplicateTryBlockException | try-except block with duplicate exception `Exception` |  |  |
 | C400 | UnnecessaryGeneratorList | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a list comprehension |  |  |
 | C401 | UnnecessaryGeneratorSet | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a set comprehension |  |  |
+| C402 | UnnecessaryGeneratorDict | Unnecessary generator - rewrite as a dict comprehension |  |  |
 | C403 | UnnecessaryListComprehensionSet | Unnecessary list comprehension - rewrite as a set comprehension |  |  |
 | C404 | UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict | Unnecessary list comprehension - rewrite as a dict comprehension |  |  |
-| SPR001 | SuperCallWithParameters | Use `super()` instead of `super(__class__, self)` |  | 🛠 |
+| C405 | UnnecessaryLiteralSet | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal - rewrite as a set literal |  |  |
+| C406 | UnnecessaryLiteralDict | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal - rewrite as a dict literal |  |  |
+| C408 | UnnecessaryCollectionCall | Unnecessary <dict/list/tuple> call - rewrite as a literal |  |  |
+| C409 | UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal passed to tuple() - remove the outer call to tuple() |  |  |
+| C410 | UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall | Unnecessary <list/tuple> literal passed to list() - rewrite as a list literal |  |  |
+| C411 | UnnecessaryListCall | Unnecessary list call - remove the outer call to list() |  |  |
+| C413 | UnnecessaryCallAroundSorted | Unnecessary <list/reversed> call around sorted() |  |  |
+| C414 | UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess | Unnecessary <list/reversed/set/sorted/tuple> call within <list/set/sorted/tuple>(). |  |  |
+| C415 | UnnecessarySubscriptReversal | Unnecessary subscript reversal of iterable within <reversed/set/sorted>() |  |  |
+| C416 | UnnecessaryComprehension |  Unnecessary <list/set> comprehension - rewrite using <list/set>() |  |  |
 | T201 | PrintFound | `print` found |  | 🛠 |
 | T203 | PPrintFound | `pprint` found |  | 🛠 |
 | U001 | UselessMetaclassType | `__metaclass__ = type` is implied |  | 🛠 |
 | U002 | UnnecessaryAbspath | `abspath(__file__)` is unnecessary in Python 3.9 and later |  | 🛠 |
 | U003 | TypeOfPrimitive | Use `str` instead of `type(...)` |  | 🛠 |
 | U004 | UselessObjectInheritance | Class `...` inherits from object |  | 🛠 |
-| U005 | NoAssertEquals | `assertEquals` is deprecated, use `assertEqual` instead |  | 🛠 |
+| U005 | DeprecatedUnittestAlias | `assertEquals` is deprecated, use `assertEqual` instead |  | 🛠 |
+| U006 | UsePEP585Annotation | Use `list` instead of `List` for type annotations |  | 🛠 |
+| U007 | UsePEP604Annotation | Use `X \| Y` for type annotations |  | 🛠 |
+| U008 | SuperCallWithParameters | Use `super()` instead of `super(__class__, self)` |  | 🛠 |
+| D100 | PublicModule | Missing docstring in public module |  |  |
+| D101 | PublicClass | Missing docstring in public class |  |  |
+| D102 | PublicMethod | Missing docstring in public method |  |  |
+| D103 | PublicFunction | Missing docstring in public function |  |  |
+| D104 | PublicPackage | Missing docstring in public package |  |  |
+| D105 | MagicMethod | Missing docstring in magic method |  |  |
+| D106 | PublicNestedClass | Missing docstring in public nested class |  |  |
+| D107 | PublicInit | Missing docstring in __init__ |  |  |
+| D200 | FitsOnOneLine | One-line docstring should fit on one line |  |  |
+| D201 | NoBlankLineBeforeFunction | No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1) |  |  |
+| D202 | NoBlankLineAfterFunction | No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1) |  |  |
+| D203 | OneBlankLineBeforeClass | 1 blank line required before class docstring |  |  |
+| D204 | OneBlankLineAfterClass | 1 blank line required after class docstring |  |  |
+| D205 | NoBlankLineAfterSummary | 1 blank line required between summary line and description |  |  |
+| D209 | NewLineAfterLastParagraph | Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line |  |  |
+| D210 | NoSurroundingWhitespace | No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text |  |  |
+| D211 | NoBlankLineBeforeClass | No blank lines allowed before class docstring |  |  |
+| D212 | MultiLineSummaryFirstLine | Multi-line docstring summary should start at the first line |  |  |
+| D213 | MultiLineSummarySecondLine | Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line |  |  |
+| D214 | SectionNotOverIndented | Section is over-indented ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D215 | SectionUnderlineNotOverIndented | Section underline is over-indented ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D300 | UsesTripleQuotes | Use """triple double quotes""" |  |  |
+| D400 | EndsInPeriod | First line should end with a period |  |  |
+| D402 | NoSignature | First line should not be the function's 'signature' |  |  |
+| D403 | FirstLineCapitalized | First word of the first line should be properly capitalized |  |  |
+| D404 | NoThisPrefix | First word of the docstring should not be `This` |  |  |
+| D405 | CapitalizeSectionName | Section name should be properly capitalized ("returns") |  |  |
+| D406 | NewLineAfterSectionName | Section name should end with a newline ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D407 | DashedUnderlineAfterSection | Missing dashed underline after section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D408 | SectionUnderlineAfterName | Section underline should be in the line following the section's name ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D409 | SectionUnderlineMatchesSectionLength | Section underline should match the length of its name ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D410 | BlankLineAfterSection | Missing blank line after section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D411 | BlankLineBeforeSection | Missing blank line before section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D412 | NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent | No blank lines allowed between a section header and its content ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D413 | BlankLineAfterLastSection | Missing blank line after last section ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D414 | NonEmptySection | Section has no content ("Returns") |  |  |
+| D415 | EndsInPunctuation | First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point |  |  |
+| D417 | DocumentAllArguments | Missing argument descriptions in the docstring: `x`, `y` |  |  |
+| D418 | SkipDocstring | Function decorated with @overload shouldn't contain a docstring |  |  |
+| D419 | NonEmpty | Docstring is empty |  |  |
 | M001 | UnusedNOQA | Unused `noqa` directive |  | 🛠 |

 ## Integrations
@@ -316,9 +379,9 @@ jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - name: Install Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
        with:
          python-version: "3.10"
      - name: Install dependencies
--- a/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
+++ b/examples/generate_rules_table.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 /// Generate a Markdown-compatible table of supported lint rules.
-use ruff::checks::{CheckCode, ALL_CHECK_CODES, DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES};
+use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
+
+use ruff::checks::{CheckCode, DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES};

 fn main() {
-    let mut check_codes: Vec<CheckCode> = ALL_CHECK_CODES.to_vec();
-    check_codes.sort();
-
    println!("| Code | Name | Message |     |     |");
    println!("| ---- | ---- | ------- | --- | --- |");
-    for check_code in check_codes {
+    for check_code in CheckCode::iter() {
        let check_kind = check_code.kind();
        let default_token = if DEFAULT_CHECK_CODES.contains(&check_code) {
            "✅"
@@ -17,9 +16,9 @@ fn main() {
        let fix_token = if check_kind.fixable() { "🛠" } else { "" };
        println!(
            "| {} | {} | {} | {} | {} |",
-            check_kind.code().as_str(),
-            check_kind.name(),
-            check_kind.body(),
+            check_kind.code().as_ref(),
+            check_kind.as_ref(),
+            check_kind.body().replace("|", r"\|"),
            default_token,
            fix_token
        );
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B011.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B011.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B011 - on line 8
+B011 - on line 10
+"""
+
+assert 1 != 2
+assert False
+assert 1 != 2, "message"
+assert False, "message"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B014.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B014.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B014 - on lines 11, 17, 28, 42, 49, 56, and 74.
+"""
+
+import binascii
+import re
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (Exception, TypeError):
+    # TypeError is a subclass of Exception, so it doesn't add anything
+    pass
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (OSError, OSError) as err:
+    # Duplicate exception types are useless
+    pass
+
+
+class MyError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, MyError):
+    # Detect duplicate non-builtin errors
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, Exception) as e:
+    # Don't assume that we're all subclasses of Exception
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyError, BaseException) as e:
+    # But we *can* assume that everything is a subclass of BaseException
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (re.error, re.error):
+    # Duplicate exception types as attributes
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (IOError, EnvironmentError, OSError):
+    # Detect if a primary exception and any its aliases are present.
+    #
+    # Since Python 3.3, IOError, EnvironmentError, WindowsError, mmap.error,
+    # socket.error and select.error are aliases of OSError. See PEP 3151 for
+    # more info.
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (MyException, NotImplemented):
+    # NotImplemented is not an exception, let's not crash on it.
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except (ValueError, binascii.Error):
+    # binascii.Error is a subclass of ValueError.
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/B025.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/B025.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""
+Should emit:
+B025 - on lines 15, 22, 31
+"""
+
+import pickle
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+finally:
+    a = 3
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except pickle.PickleError:
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except pickle.PickleError:
+    a = 2
+
+try:
+    a = 1
+except (ValueError, TypeError):
+    a = 2
+except ValueError:
+    a = 2
+except (OSError, TypeError):
+    a = 2
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C402.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C402.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+d = dict((x, x) for x in range(3))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C405.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C405.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+s1 = set([1, 2])
+s2 = set((1, 2))
+s3 = set([])
+s4 = set(())
+s5 = set()
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C406.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C406.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+d1 = dict([(1, 2)])
+d2 = dict(((1, 2),))
+d3 = dict([])
+d4 = dict(())
+d5 = dict()
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C408.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C408.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+t = tuple()
+l = list()
+d1 = dict()
+d2 = dict(a=1)
+d3 = dict(**d2)
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C409.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C409.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+t1 = tuple([1, 2])
+t2 = tuple((1, 2))
+t3 = tuple([])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C410.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C410.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+l1 = list([1, 2])
+l2 = list((1, 2))
+l3 = list([])
+l4 = list(())
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C411.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C411.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+x = [1, 2, 3]
+list([i for i in x])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C413.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C413.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+x = [2, 3, 1]
+list(sorted(x))
+reversed(sorted(x))
+reversed(sorted(x, reverse=True))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C414.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C414.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+x = [1, 2, 3]
+list(list(x))
+list(tuple(x))
+tuple(list(x))
+tuple(tuple(x))
+set(set(x))
+set(list(x))
+set(tuple(x))
+set(sorted(x))
+set(reversed(x))
+sorted(list(x))
+sorted(tuple(x))
+sorted(sorted(x))
+sorted(reversed(x))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C415.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C415.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+lst = [2, 1, 3]
+a = set(lst[::-1])
+b = reversed(lst[::-1])
+c = sorted(lst[::-1])
+d = sorted(lst[::-1], reverse=True)
+e = set(lst[2:-1])
+f = set(lst[:1:-1])
+g = set(lst[::1])
+h = set(lst[::-2])
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/C416.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/C416.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+x = [1, 2, 3]
+[i for i in x]
+{i for i in x}
+
+[i for i in x if i > 1]
+[i for i in x for j in x]
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/D.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/D.py
@@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
+# No docstring, so we can test D100
+from functools import wraps
+import os
+from .expected import Expectation
+from typing import overload
+
+
+expectation = Expectation()
+expect = expectation.expect
+
+expect('class_', 'D101: Missing docstring in public class')
+
+
+class class_:
+
+    expect('meta', 'D419: Docstring is empty')
+
+    class meta:
+        """"""
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def method(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    def _ok_since_private(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @overload
+    def overloaded_method(self, a: int) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def overloaded_method(self, a: str) -> str:
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        ...
+
+    def overloaded_method(a):
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        return str(a)
+
+    expect('overloaded_method',
+           "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+           " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+    @property
+    def foo(self):
+        """The foo of the thing, which isn't in imperitive mood."""
+        return "hello"
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def __new__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D107: Missing docstring in __init__')
+    def __init__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D105: Missing docstring in magic method')
+    def __str__(self=None):
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D102: Missing docstring in public method')
+    def __call__(self=None, x=None, y=None, z=None):
+        pass
+
+
+@expect('D419: Docstring is empty')
+def function():
+    """ """
+    def ok_since_nested():
+        pass
+
+    @expect('D419: Docstring is empty')
+    def nested():
+        ''
+
+
+def function_with_nesting():
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    @overload
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a: int) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a: str) -> str:
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        ...
+
+    def nested_overloaded_func(a):
+        """Foo bar documentation."""
+        return str(a)
+
+
+expect('nested_overloaded_func',
+       "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+       " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+
+@overload
+def overloaded_func(a: int) -> str:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def overloaded_func(a: str) -> str:
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    ...
+
+
+def overloaded_func(a):
+    """Foo bar documentation."""
+    return str(a)
+
+
+expect('overloaded_func',
+       "D418: Function/ Method decorated with @overload"
+       " shouldn't contain a docstring")
+
+
+@expect('D200: One-line docstring should fit on one line with quotes '
+        '(found 3)')
+@expect('D212: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the first line')
+def asdlkfasd():
+    """
+    Wrong.
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D201: No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1)')
+def leading_space():
+
+    """Leading space."""
+
+
+@expect('D202: No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1)')
+def trailing_space():
+    """Leading space."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D201: No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found 1)')
+@expect('D202: No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found 1)')
+def trailing_and_leading_space():
+
+    """Trailing and leading space."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+expect('LeadingSpaceMissing',
+       'D203: 1 blank line required before class docstring (found 0)')
+
+
+class LeadingSpaceMissing:
+    """Leading space missing."""
+
+
+expect('WithLeadingSpace',
+       'D211: No blank lines allowed before class docstring (found 1)')
+
+
+class WithLeadingSpace:
+
+    """With leading space."""
+
+
+expect('TrailingSpace',
+       'D204: 1 blank line required after class docstring (found 0)')
+expect('TrailingSpace',
+       'D211: No blank lines allowed before class docstring (found 1)')
+
+
+class TrailingSpace:
+
+    """TrailingSpace."""
+    pass
+
+
+expect('LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing',
+       'D203: 1 blank line required before class docstring (found 0)')
+expect('LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing',
+       'D204: 1 blank line required after class docstring (found 0)')
+
+
+class LeadingAndTrailingSpaceMissing:
+    """Leading and trailing space missing."""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description '
+        '(found 0)')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_zero_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description '
+        '(found 2)')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_two_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+
+
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multi_line_one_separating_blanks():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D207: Docstring is under-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdf():
+    """Summary.
+
+Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D207: Docstring is under-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdsdfsdffsdf():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+"""
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+       Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdsdfsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description.
+
+        """
+
+
+@expect('D208: Docstring is over-indented')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfsdfsdsdsdfsdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+        Description.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D209: Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate '
+        'line')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def asdfljdf24():
+    """Summary.
+
+    Description."""
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+def endswith():
+    """Whitespace at the end. """
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+def around():
+    """ Whitespace at everywhere. """
+
+
+@expect('D210: No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text')
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def multiline():
+    """ Whitespace at the beginning.
+
+    This is the end.
+    """
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'\'\'-quotes)')
+def triple_single_quotes_raw():
+    r'''Summary.'''
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'\'\'-quotes)')
+def triple_single_quotes_raw_uppercase():
+    R'''Summary.'''
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+def single_quotes_raw():
+    r'Summary.'
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+def single_quotes_raw_uppercase():
+    R'Summary.'
+
+
+@expect('D300: Use """triple double quotes""" (found \'-quotes)')
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def single_quotes_raw_uppercase_backslash():
+    R'Sum\mary.'
+
+
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def double_quotes_backslash():
+    """Sum\\mary."""
+
+
+@expect('D301: Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring')
+def double_quotes_backslash_uppercase():
+    R"""Sum\\mary."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def exceptions_of_D301():
+    """Exclude some backslashes from D301.
+
+    In particular, line continuations \
+    and unicode literals \u0394 and \N{GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA}.
+    They are considered to be intentionally unescaped.
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'y')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'y')")
+def lwnlkjl():
+    """Summary"""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Return', not 'Returns')")
+def liouiwnlkjl():
+    """Returns foo."""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood; try rephrasing "
+        "(found 'Constructor')")
+def sdgfsdg23245():
+    """Constructor for a foo."""
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood; try rephrasing "
+        "(found 'Constructor')")
+def sdgfsdg23245777():
+    """Constructor."""
+
+
+@expect('D402: First line should not be the function\'s "signature"')
+def foobar():
+    """Signature: foobar()."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def new_209():
+    """First line.
+
+    More lines.
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def old_209():
+    """One liner.
+
+    Multi-line comments. OK to have extra blank line
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D103: Missing docstring in public function")
+def oneliner_d102(): return
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'r')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark,"
+        " or exclamation point (not 'r')")
+def oneliner_withdoc(): """One liner"""
+
+
+def ignored_decorator(func):   # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    func()
+    pass
+
+
+def decorator_for_test(func):   # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    func()
+    pass
+
+
+@ignored_decorator
+def oneliner_ignored_decorator(): """One liner"""
+
+
+@decorator_for_test
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'r')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark,"
+        " or exclamation point (not 'r')")
+def oneliner_with_decorator_expecting_errors(): """One liner"""
+
+
+@decorator_for_test
+def valid_oneliner_with_decorator(): """One liner."""
+
+
+@expect("D207: Docstring is under-indented")
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def docstring_start_in_same_line(): """First Line.
+
+    Second Line
+    """
+
+
+def function_with_lambda_arg(x=lambda y: y):
+    """Wrap the given lambda."""
+
+
+@expect('D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line')
+def a_following_valid_function(x=None):
+    """Check for a bug where the previous function caused an assertion.
+
+    The assertion was caused in the next function, so this one is necessary.
+
+    """
+
+
+def outer_function():
+    """Do something."""
+    def inner_function():
+        """Do inner something."""
+        return 0
+
+
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 'g')")
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Run', not 'Runs')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'g')")
+def docstring_bad():
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+def docstring_bad_ignore_all():  # noqa
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+def docstring_bad_ignore_one():  # noqa: D400,D401,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Run', not 'Runs')")
+def docstring_ignore_some_violations_but_catch_D401():  # noqa: E501,D400,D415
+    """Runs something"""
+    pass
+
+
+@expect(
+    "D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+    "(perhaps 'Initiate', not 'Initiates')"
+)
+def docstring_initiates():
+    """Initiates the process."""
+
+
+@expect(
+    "D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+    "(perhaps 'Initialize', not 'Initializes')"
+)
+def docstring_initializes():
+    """Initializes the process."""
+
+
+@wraps(docstring_bad_ignore_one)
+def bad_decorated_function():
+    """Bad (E501) but decorated"""
+    pass
+
+
+def valid_google_string():  # noqa: D400
+    """Test a valid something!"""
+
+
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, "
+        "or exclamation point (not 'g')")
+def bad_google_string():  # noqa: D400
+    """Test a valid something"""
+
+
+# This is reproducing a bug where AttributeError is raised when parsing class
+# parameters as functions for Google / Numpy conventions.
+class Blah:  # noqa: D203,D213
+    """A Blah.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    x : int
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, x):
+        pass
+
+
+expect(os.path.normcase(__file__ if __file__[-1] != 'c' else __file__[:-1]),
+       'D100: Missing docstring in public module')
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_0.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_0.py
@@ -65,3 +65,24 @@ b = Union["Nut", None]
 c = cast("Vegetable", b)

 Field = lambda default=MISSING: field(default=default)
+
+
+# Test: access a sub-importation via an alias.
+import pyarrow as pa
+import pyarrow.csv
+
+print(pa.csv.read_csv("test.csv"))
+
+
+# Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias.
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_1.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""Access a sub-importation via an alias."""
+import pyarrow as pa
+import pyarrow.csv
+
+print(pa.csv.read_csv("test.csv"))
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_2.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias."""
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_3.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias (with future annotations)."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = np.int8 | np.int16
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F401_4.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F401_4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""Test: referencing an import via TypeAlias (with future annotations and quotes)."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    from typing import TypeAlias
+else:
+    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+
+CustomInt: TypeAlias = "np.int8 | np.int16"
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F404.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F404.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
 """Docstring"""
 from __future__ import absolute_import

--- a/resources/test/fixtures/F821.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/F821.py
@@ -122,3 +122,12 @@ class PEP593Test:
        dict["foo", "bar"],  # Expected to fail as undefined.
        123,
    ]
+
+
+def in_ipython_notebook() -> bool:
+    try:
+        # autoimported by notebooks
+        get_ipython()  # type: ignore[name-defined]
+    except NameError:
+        return False  # not in notebook
+    return True
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/M001.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/M001.py
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ def f() -> None:
    # Invalid
    d = 1  # noqa: F841, E501

+    # Invalid (and unimplemented)
+    d = 1  # noqa: F841, W191
+

 # Valid
 _ = """Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U005.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U005.py
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
-self.assertEquals (1, 2)
-self.assertEquals(1, 2)
-self.assertEqual(3, 4)
+import unittest
+
+
+class Suite(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test(self) -> None:
+        self.assertEquals (1, 2)
+        self.assertEquals(1, 2)
+        self.assertEqual(3, 4)
+        self.failUnlessAlmostEqual(1, 1.1)
+        self.assertNotRegexpMatches("a", "b")
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U006.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U006.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import List
+
+
+def f(x: List[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.List[str]) -> None:
+    ...
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/U007.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/U007.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def f(x: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.Optional[str]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+from typing import Union
+
+
+def f(x: Union[str, int, Union[float, bytes]]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: typing.Union[str, int]) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+from typing import Union
+
+
+def f(x: "Union[str, int, Union[float, bytes]]") -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+import typing
+
+
+def f(x: "typing.Union[str, int]") -> None:
+    ...
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_0.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_0.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_1.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass  # noqa: W292
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/W292_2.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/W292_2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+def fn() -> None:
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/canonical_numpy_examples.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/canonical_numpy_examples.py
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+"""This is the docstring for the example.py module.  Modules names should
+have short, all-lowercase names.  The module name may have underscores if
+this improves readability.
+
+Every module should have a docstring at the very top of the file.  The
+module's docstring may extend over multiple lines.  If your docstring does
+extend over multiple lines, the closing three quotation marks must be on
+a line by itself, preferably preceded by a blank line.
+
+"""
+
+# Example source file from the official "numpydoc docstring guide"
+# documentation (with the modification of commenting out all the original
+# ``import`` lines, plus adding this note and ``Expectation`` code):
+#     * As HTML: https://numpydoc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/example.html
+#     * Source Python:
+#         https://github.com/numpy/numpydoc/blob/master/doc/example.py
+
+# from __future__ import division, absolute_import, print_function
+#
+# import os  # standard library imports first
+#
+# Do NOT import using *, e.g. from numpy import *
+#
+# Import the module using
+#
+#   import numpy
+#
+# instead or import individual functions as needed, e.g
+#
+#  from numpy import array, zeros
+#
+# If you prefer the use of abbreviated module names, we suggest the
+# convention used by NumPy itself::
+#
+# import numpy as np
+# import matplotlib as mpl
+# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+#
+# These abbreviated names are not to be used in docstrings; users must
+# be able to paste and execute docstrings after importing only the
+# numpy module itself, unabbreviated.
+
+import os
+from .expected import Expectation
+
+expectation = Expectation()
+expect = expectation.expect
+
+# module docstring expected violations:
+expectation.expected.add((
+    os.path.normcase(__file__),
+    "D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description "
+    "(found 0)"))
+expectation.expected.add((
+    os.path.normcase(__file__),
+    "D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line"))
+expectation.expected.add((
+    os.path.normcase(__file__),
+    "D400: First line should end with a period (not 'd')"))
+expectation.expected.add((
+    os.path.normcase(__file__),
+    "D404: First word of the docstring should not be `This`"))
+expectation.expected.add((
+    os.path.normcase(__file__),
+    "D415: First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation "
+    "point (not 'd')"))
+
+
+@expect("D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line",
+        arg_count=3)
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood; try rephrasing "
+        "(found 'A')", arg_count=3)
+@expect("D413: Missing blank line after last section ('Examples')",
+        arg_count=3)
+def foo(var1, var2, long_var_name='hi'):
+    r"""A one-line summary that does not use variable names.
+
+    Several sentences providing an extended description. Refer to
+    variables using back-ticks, e.g. `var`.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    var1 : array_like
+        Array_like means all those objects -- lists, nested lists, etc. --
+        that can be converted to an array.  We can also refer to
+        variables like `var1`.
+    var2 : int
+        The type above can either refer to an actual Python type
+        (e.g. ``int``), or describe the type of the variable in more
+        detail, e.g. ``(N,) ndarray`` or ``array_like``.
+    long_var_name : {'hi', 'ho'}, optional
+        Choices in brackets, default first when optional.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    type
+        Explanation of anonymous return value of type ``type``.
+    describe : type
+        Explanation of return value named `describe`.
+    out : type
+        Explanation of `out`.
+    type_without_description
+
+    Other Parameters
+    ----------------
+    only_seldom_used_keywords : type
+        Explanation
+    common_parameters_listed_above : type
+        Explanation
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    BadException
+        Because you shouldn't have done that.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.array : Relationship (optional).
+    numpy.ndarray : Relationship (optional), which could be fairly long, in
+                    which case the line wraps here.
+    numpy.dot, numpy.linalg.norm, numpy.eye
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Notes about the implementation algorithm (if needed).
+
+    This can have multiple paragraphs.
+
+    You may include some math:
+
+    .. math:: X(e^{j\omega } ) = x(n)e^{ - j\omega n}
+
+    And even use a Greek symbol like :math:`\omega` inline.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    Cite the relevant literature, e.g. [1]_.  You may also cite these
+    references in the notes section above.
+
+    .. [1] O. McNoleg, "The integration of GIS, remote sensing,
+       expert systems and adaptive co-kriging for environmental habitat
+       modelling of the Highland Haggis using object-oriented, fuzzy-logic
+       and neural-network techniques," Computers & Geosciences, vol. 22,
+       pp. 585-588, 1996.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    These are written in doctest format, and should illustrate how to
+    use the function.
+
+    >>> a = [1, 2, 3]
+    >>> print([x + 3 for x in a])
+    [4, 5, 6]
+    >>> print("a\nb")
+    a
+    b
+    """
+    # After closing class docstring, there should be one blank line to
+    # separate following codes (according to PEP257).
+    # But for function, method and module, there should be no blank lines
+    # after closing the docstring.
+    pass
--- a/resources/test/fixtures/sections.py
+++ b/resources/test/fixtures/sections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+"""A valid module docstring."""
+
+from .expected import Expectation
+
+expectation = Expectation()
+expect = expectation.expect
+
+
+_D213 = 'D213: Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line'
+_D400 = "D400: First line should end with a period (not '!')"
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D405: Section name should be properly capitalized "
+        "('Returns', not 'returns')")
+def not_capitalized():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D406: Section name should end with a newline "
+        "('Returns', not 'Returns:')")
+def superfluous_suffix():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns:
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Returns')")
+def no_underline():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def no_underline_and_no_description():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D410: Missing blank line after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Yields')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Yields')")
+def consecutive_sections():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Yields
+    ------
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    Questions.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D408: Section underline should be in the line following the "
+        "section's name ('Returns')")
+def blank_line_before_underline():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D409: Section underline should match the length of its name "
+        "(Expected 7 dashes in section 'Returns', got 2)")
+def bad_underline_length():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    --
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D413: Missing blank line after last section ('Returns')")
+def no_blank_line_after_last_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Returns')")
+def no_blank_line_before_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    The function's description.
+    Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D214: Section is over-indented ('Returns')")
+def section_overindented():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+        Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D215: Section underline is over-indented (in section 'Returns')")
+def section_underline_overindented():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+        -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D215: Section underline is over-indented (in section 'Returns')")
+@expect("D413: Missing blank line after last section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def section_underline_overindented_and_contentless():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Returns
+        -------
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def ignore_non_actual_section():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    This is the function's description, which will also specify what it
+    returns
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D401: First line should be in imperative mood "
+        "(perhaps 'Return', not 'Returns')")
+@expect("D400: First line should end with a period (not 's')")
+@expect("D415: First line should end with a period, question "
+        "mark, or exclamation point (not 's')")
+@expect("D205: 1 blank line required between summary line and description "
+        "(found 0)")
+def section_name_in_first_line():  # noqa: D416
+    """Returns
+    -------
+    A value of some sort.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D405: Section name should be properly capitalized "
+        "('Short Summary', not 'Short summary')")
+@expect("D412: No blank lines allowed between a section header and its "
+        "content ('Short Summary')")
+@expect("D409: Section underline should match the length of its name "
+        "(Expected 7 dashes in section 'Returns', got 6)")
+@expect("D410: Missing blank line after section ('Returns')")
+@expect("D411: Missing blank line before section ('Raises')")
+@expect("D406: Section name should end with a newline "
+        "('Raises', not 'Raises:')")
+@expect("D407: Missing dashed underline after section ('Raises')")
+def multiple_sections():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Short summary
+    -------------
+
+    This is the function's description, which will also specify what it
+    returns.
+
+    Returns
+    ------
+    Many many wonderful things.
+    Raises:
+    My attention.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def false_positive_section_prefix():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    attributes_are_fun: attributes for the function.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+def section_names_as_parameter_names():  # noqa: D416
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    notes : list
+        A list of wonderful notes.
+    examples: list
+        A list of horrible examples.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D414: Section has no content ('Returns')")
+def valid_google_style_section():  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args:
+        note: A random string.
+
+    Returns:
+
+    Raises:
+        RandomError: A random error that occurs randomly.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D416: Section name should end with a colon "
+        "('Args:', not 'Args')")
+def missing_colon_google_style_section():  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args
+        note: A random string.
+
+    """
+
+
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'bar' docstring)", func_name="bar")
+def _test_nested_functions():
+    x = 1
+
+    def bar(y=2):  # noqa: D207, D213, D406, D407
+        """Nested function test for docstrings.
+
+        Will this work when referencing x?
+
+        Args:
+            x: Test something
+that is broken.
+
+        """
+        print(x)
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'test_missing_google_args' docstring)")
+def test_missing_google_args(x=1, y=2, _private=3):  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Args:
+        x (int): The greatest integer.
+
+    """
+
+
+class TestGoogle:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    def test_method(self, test, another_test, _):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            test: A parameter.
+            another_test: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args(self, test, x, y, z=3, _private_arg=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_class_method' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args_class_method(cls, test, x, y, _, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter. The parameter below is missing description.
+            y:
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_static_method' docstring)", arg_count=4)
+    def test_missing_args_static_method(a, x, y, _test, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, b are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_docstring' docstring)", arg_count=2)
+    def test_missing_docstring(a, b):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Args:
+            a:
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_hanging_indent(skip, verbose):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Do stuff.
+
+        Args:
+            skip (:attr:`.Skip`):
+                Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
+                Etiam at tellus a tellus faucibus maximus. Curabitur tellus
+                mauris, semper id vehicula ac, feugiat ut tortor.
+            verbose (bool):
+                If True, print out as much infromation as possible.
+                If False, print out concise "one-liner" information.
+
+        """
+
+
+@expect(_D213)
+@expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+        "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+        "'test_missing_numpy_args' docstring)")
+def test_missing_numpy_args(_private_arg=0, x=1, y=2):  # noqa: D406, D407
+    """Toggle the gizmo.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    x : int
+        The greatest integer in the history \
+of the entire world.
+
+    """
+
+
+class TestNumpy:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    def test_method(self, test, another_test, z, _, x=1, y=2, _private_arg=1):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Some long string with a \
+line continuation.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        test, another_test
+            Some parameters without type.
+        z : some parameter with a very long type description that requires a \
+line continuation.
+            But no further description.
+        x, y : int
+            Some integer parameters.
+
+        """
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args' docstring)", arg_count=5)
+    def test_missing_args(self, test, x, y, z=3, t=1, _private=0):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        x, t : int
+            Some parameters.
+
+
+        """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) test, y, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_class_method' docstring)", arg_count=4)
+    def test_missing_args_class_method(cls, test, x, y, z=3):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        z
+        x
+            Another parameter. The parameters y, test below are
+            missing descriptions. The parameter z above is also missing
+            a description.
+        y
+        test
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) a, z are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_missing_args_static_method' docstring)", arg_count=3)
+    def test_missing_args_static_method(a, x, y, z=3, t=1):  # noqa: D213, D407
+        """Test a valid args section.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        x, y
+            Another parameter.
+        t : int
+            Yet another parameter.
+
+        """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_mixing_numpy_and_google(danger):  # noqa: D213
+        """Repro for #388.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        danger
+            Zoneeeeee!
+
+        """
+
+
+class TestIncorrectIndent:  # noqa: D203
+    """Test class."""
+
+    @expect("D417: Missing argument descriptions in the docstring "
+            "(argument(s) y are missing descriptions in "
+            "'test_incorrect_indent' docstring)", arg_count=3)
+    def test_incorrect_indent(self, x=1, y=2):  # noqa: D207, D213, D407
+        """Reproducing issue #437.
+
+Testing this incorrectly indented docstring.
+
+        Args:
+            x: Test argument.
+
+        """
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import sys
+
+from setuptools import setup
+
+sys.stderr.write(
+    """
+===============================
+Unsupported installation method
+===============================
+ruff no longer supports installation with `python setup.py install`.
+Please use `python -m pip install .` instead.
+"""
+)
+sys.exit(1)
+
+
+# The below code will never execute, however GitHub is particularly
+# picky about where it finds Python packaging metadata.
+# See: https://github.com/github/feedback/discussions/6456
+#
+# To be removed once GitHub catches up.
+
+setup(name="ruff", install_requires=[])
--- a/src/ast.rs
+++ b/src/ast.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-pub mod checks;
+pub mod checkers;
+pub mod helpers;
 pub mod operations;
 pub mod relocate;
 pub mod types;
--- a/src/ast/checkers.rs
+++ b/src/ast/checkers.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;

 use itertools::izip;
+use num_bigint::BigInt;
 use regex::Regex;
 use rustpython_parser::ast::{
-    Arg, ArgData, Arguments, Cmpop, Constant, Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprKind,
-    Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop,
+    Arg, ArgData, Arguments, Cmpop, Comprehension, Constant, Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind,
+    Expr, ExprKind, KeywordData, Located, Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop,
 };
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

+use crate::ast::helpers;
 use crate::ast::types::{
    Binding, BindingKind, CheckLocator, FunctionScope, Range, Scope, ScopeKind,
 };
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, RejectedCmpop};
 use crate::python::builtins::BUILTINS;

 /// Check IfTuple compliance.
-pub fn check_if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &test.node {
        if !elts.is_empty() {
            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::IfTuple, location));
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ pub fn check_if_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check AssertTuple compliance.
-pub fn check_assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &test.node {
        if !elts.is_empty() {
            return Some(Check::new(CheckKind::AssertTuple, location));
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ pub fn check_assert_tuple(test: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check NotInTest and NotIsTest compliance.
-pub fn check_not_tests(
+pub fn not_tests(
    op: &Unaryop,
    operand: &Expr,
    check_not_in: bool,
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn check_not_tests(
 }

 /// Check UnusedVariable compliance.
-pub fn check_unused_variables(
+pub fn unused_variables(
    scope: &Scope,
    locator: &dyn CheckLocator,
    dummy_variable_rgx: &Regex,
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ pub fn check_unused_variables(
 }

 /// Check DoNotAssignLambda compliance.
-pub fn check_do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if let ExprKind::Lambda { .. } = &value.node {
        Some(Check::new(CheckKind::DoNotAssignLambda, location))
    } else {
@@ -116,11 +118,7 @@ pub fn check_do_not_assign_lambda(value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check
 }

 /// Check UselessMetaclassType compliance.
-pub fn check_useless_metaclass_type(
-    targets: &Vec<Expr>,
-    value: &Expr,
-    location: Range,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn useless_metaclass_type(targets: &Vec<Expr>, value: &Expr, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if targets.len() == 1 {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = targets.first().map(|expr| &expr.node).unwrap() {
            if id == "__metaclass__" {
@@ -136,7 +134,7 @@ pub fn check_useless_metaclass_type(
 }

 /// Check UnnecessaryAbspath compliance.
-pub fn check_unnecessary_abspath(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn unnecessary_abspath(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    // Validate the arguments.
    if args.len() == 1 {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &args[0].node {
@@ -192,7 +190,7 @@ impl Primitive {
 }

 /// Check TypeOfPrimitive compliance.
-pub fn check_type_of_primitive(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn type_of_primitive(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    // Validate the arguments.
    if args.len() == 1 {
        match &func.node {
@@ -220,7 +218,7 @@ fn is_ambiguous_name(name: &str) -> bool {
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousVariableName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousVariableName(name.to_string()),
@@ -232,7 +230,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_variable_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Chec
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousClassName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousClassName(name.to_string()),
@@ -244,7 +242,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_class_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check>
 }

 /// Check AmbiguousFunctionName compliance.
-pub fn check_ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Check> {
    if is_ambiguous_name(name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            CheckKind::AmbiguousFunctionName(name.to_string()),
@@ -256,11 +254,7 @@ pub fn check_ambiguous_function_name(name: &str, location: Range) -> Option<Chec
 }

 /// Check UselessObjectInheritance compliance.
-pub fn check_useless_object_inheritance(
-    name: &str,
-    bases: &[Expr],
-    scope: &Scope,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn useless_object_inheritance(name: &str, bases: &[Expr], scope: &Scope) -> Option<Check> {
    for expr in bases {
        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &expr.node {
            if id == "object" {
@@ -285,7 +279,7 @@ pub fn check_useless_object_inheritance(
 }

 /// Check DefaultExceptNotLast compliance.
-pub fn check_default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Check> {
    for (idx, handler) in handlers.iter().enumerate() {
        let ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } = &handler.node;
        if type_.is_none() && idx < handlers.len() - 1 {
@@ -300,7 +294,7 @@ pub fn check_default_except_not_last(handlers: &Vec<Excepthandler>) -> Option<Ch
 }

 /// Check RaiseNotImplemented compliance.
-pub fn check_raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
    match &expr.node {
        ExprKind::Call { func, .. } => {
            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
@@ -327,7 +321,7 @@ pub fn check_raise_not_implemented(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
 }

 /// Check DuplicateArgumentName compliance.
-pub fn check_duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
+pub fn duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
    let mut checks: Vec<Check> = vec![];

    // Collect all the arguments into a single vector.
@@ -360,23 +354,6 @@ pub fn check_duplicate_arguments(arguments: &Arguments) -> Vec<Check> {
    checks
 }

-/// Check AssertEquals compliance.
-pub fn check_assert_equals(expr: &Expr) -> Option<Check> {
-    if let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &expr.node {
-        if attr == "assertEquals" {
-            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node {
-                if id == "self" {
-                    return Some(Check::new(
-                        CheckKind::NoAssertEquals,
-                        Range::from_located(expr),
-                    ));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    None
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
 enum DictionaryKey<'a> {
    Constant(&'a Constant),
@@ -392,7 +369,7 @@ fn convert_to_value(expr: &Expr) -> Option<DictionaryKey> {
 }

 /// Check MultiValueRepeatedKeyLiteral and MultiValueRepeatedKeyVariable compliance.
-pub fn check_repeated_keys(
+pub fn repeated_keys(
    keys: &Vec<Expr>,
    check_repeated_literals: bool,
    check_repeated_variables: bool,
@@ -432,7 +409,7 @@ pub fn check_repeated_keys(
 }

 /// Check TrueFalseComparison and NoneComparison compliance.
-pub fn check_literal_comparisons(
+pub fn literal_comparisons(
    left: &Expr,
    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
@@ -563,7 +540,7 @@ fn is_constant_non_singleton(expr: &Expr) -> bool {
 }

 /// Check IsLiteral compliance.
-pub fn check_is_literal(
+pub fn is_literal(
    left: &Expr,
    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
@@ -585,11 +562,7 @@ pub fn check_is_literal(
 }

 /// Check TypeComparison compliance.
-pub fn check_type_comparison(
-    ops: &Vec<Cmpop>,
-    comparators: &Vec<Expr>,
-    location: Range,
-) -> Vec<Check> {
+pub fn type_comparison(ops: &Vec<Cmpop>, comparators: &Vec<Expr>, location: Range) -> Vec<Check> {
    let mut checks: Vec<Check> = vec![];

    for (op, right) in izip!(ops, comparators) {
@@ -625,7 +598,7 @@ pub fn check_type_comparison(
 }

 /// Check TwoStarredExpressions and TooManyExpressionsInStarredAssignment compliance.
-pub fn check_starred_expressions(
+pub fn starred_expressions(
    elts: &[Expr],
    check_too_many_expressions: bool,
    check_two_starred_expressions: bool,
@@ -655,7 +628,7 @@ pub fn check_starred_expressions(
 }

 /// Check BreakOutsideLoop compliance.
-pub fn check_break_outside_loop(
+pub fn break_outside_loop(
    stmt: &Stmt,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    parent_stack: &[usize],
@@ -696,7 +669,7 @@ pub fn check_break_outside_loop(
 }

 /// Check ContinueOutsideLoop compliance.
-pub fn check_continue_outside_loop(
+pub fn continue_outside_loop(
    stmt: &Stmt,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    parent_stack: &[usize],
@@ -744,11 +717,7 @@ pub enum ShadowingType {
 }

 /// Check builtin name shadowing
-pub fn check_builtin_shadowing(
-    name: &str,
-    location: Range,
-    node_type: ShadowingType,
-) -> Option<Check> {
+pub fn builtin_shadowing(name: &str, location: Range, node_type: ShadowingType) -> Option<Check> {
    if BUILTINS.contains(&name) {
        Some(Check::new(
            match node_type {
@@ -763,17 +732,7 @@ pub fn check_builtin_shadowing(
    }
 }

-/// Returns `true` if a call is an argumented `super` invocation.
-pub fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> bool {
-    // Check: is this a `super` call?
-    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
-        id == "super" && !args.is_empty()
-    } else {
-        false
-    }
-}
-
-// flakes8-comprehensions
+// flake8-comprehensions
 /// Check `list(generator)` compliance.
 pub fn unnecessary_generator_list(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
    if args.len() == 1 {
@@ -808,6 +767,28 @@ pub fn unnecessary_generator_set(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) ->
    None
 }

+/// Check `dict((x, y) for x, y in iterable)` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_generator_dict(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "dict" {
+                if let ExprKind::GeneratorExp { elt, .. } = &args[0].node {
+                    match &elt.node {
+                        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict,
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
 /// Check `set([...])` compliance.
 pub fn unnecessary_list_comprehension_set(
    expr: &Expr,
@@ -855,16 +836,355 @@ pub fn unnecessary_list_comprehension_dict(
    None
 }

+/// Check `set([1, 2])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_set(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" {
+                match &args[0].node {
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralSet("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralSet("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Check `dict([(1, 2)])` compliance.
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_dict(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.len() == 1 {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "dict" {
+                match &args[0].node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                        if let Some(elt) = elts.first() {
+                            match &elt.node {
+                                // dict((1, 2), ...))
+                                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                                    return Some(Check::new(
+                                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("tuple".to_string()),
+                                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // dict(())
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("tuple".to_string()),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { elts, .. } => {
+                        if let Some(elt) = elts.first() {
+                            match &elt.node {
+                                // dict([(1, 2), ...])
+                                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } if elts.len() == 2 => {
+                                    return Some(Check::new(
+                                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("list".to_string()),
+                                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // dict([])
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralDict("list".to_string()),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_collection_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &Vec<Expr>,
+    keywords: &Vec<Located<KeywordData>>,
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if args.is_empty() {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "list" || id == "tuple" {
+                // list() or tuple()
+                return Some(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::UnnecessaryCollectionCall(id.to_string()),
+                    Range::from_located(expr),
+                ));
+            } else if id == "dict" {
+                // dict() or dict(a=1)
+                if keywords.is_empty() || keywords.iter().all(|kw| kw.node.arg.is_some()) {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryCollectionCall(id.to_string()),
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_within_tuple_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        if id == "tuple" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                match &arg.node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_literal_within_list_call(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        if id == "list" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                match &arg.node {
+                    ExprKind::Tuple { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall("tuple".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::List { .. } => {
+                        return Some(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall("list".to_string()),
+                            Range::from_located(expr),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_list_call(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        if id == "list" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                if let ExprKind::ListComp { .. } = &arg.node {
+                    return Some(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UnnecessaryListCall,
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_call_around_sorted(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id: outer, .. } = &func.node {
+        if outer == "list" || outer == "reversed" {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                if let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &arg.node {
+                    if let ExprKind::Name { id: inner, .. } = &func.node {
+                        if inner == "sorted" {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryCallAroundSorted(outer.to_string()),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_double_cast_or_process(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    func: &Expr,
+    args: &[Expr],
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id: outer, .. } = &func.node {
+        if outer == "list"
+            || outer == "tuple"
+            || outer == "set"
+            || outer == "reversed"
+            || outer == "sorted"
+        {
+            if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
+                if let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &arg.node {
+                    if let ExprKind::Name { id: inner, .. } = &func.node {
+                        // Ex) set(tuple(...))
+                        if (outer == "set" || outer == "sorted")
+                            && (inner == "list"
+                                || inner == "tuple"
+                                || inner == "reversed"
+                                || inner == "sorted")
+                        {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+
+                        // Ex) list(tuple(...))
+                        if (outer == "list" || outer == "tuple")
+                            && (inner == "list" || inner == "tuple")
+                        {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+
+                        // Ex) set(set(...))
+                        if outer == "set" && inner == "set" {
+                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess(
+                                    inner.to_string(),
+                                    outer.to_string(),
+                                ),
+                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_subscript_reversal(expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &[Expr]) -> Option<Check> {
+    if let Some(first_arg) = args.first() {
+        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+            if id == "set" || id == "sorted" || id == "reversed" {
+                if let ExprKind::Subscript { slice, .. } = &first_arg.node {
+                    if let ExprKind::Slice { lower, upper, step } = &slice.node {
+                        if lower.is_none() && upper.is_none() {
+                            if let Some(step) = step {
+                                if let ExprKind::UnaryOp {
+                                    op: Unaryop::USub,
+                                    operand,
+                                } = &step.node
+                                {
+                                    if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                                        value: Constant::Int(val),
+                                        ..
+                                    } = &operand.node
+                                    {
+                                        if *val == BigInt::from(1) {
+                                            return Some(Check::new(
+                                                CheckKind::UnnecessarySubscriptReversal(
+                                                    id.to_string(),
+                                                ),
+                                                Range::from_located(expr),
+                                            ));
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn unnecessary_comprehension(
+    expr: &Expr,
+    elt: &Located<ExprKind>,
+    generators: &Vec<Comprehension>,
+) -> Option<Check> {
+    if generators.len() == 1 {
+        let generator = &generators[0];
+        if generator.ifs.is_empty() && generator.is_async == 0 {
+            if let ExprKind::Name { id: elt_id, .. } = &elt.node {
+                if let ExprKind::Name { id: target_id, .. } = &generator.target.node {
+                    if elt_id == target_id {
+                        match &expr.node {
+                            ExprKind::ListComp { .. } => {
+                                return Some(Check::new(
+                                    CheckKind::UnnecessaryComprehension("list".to_string()),
+                                    Range::from_located(expr),
+                                ))
+                            }
+                            ExprKind::SetComp { .. } => {
+                                return Some(Check::new(
+                                    CheckKind::UnnecessaryComprehension("set".to_string()),
+                                    Range::from_located(expr),
+                                ))
+                            }
+                            _ => {}
+                        };
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
 // flake8-super
 /// Check that `super()` has no args
-pub fn check_super_args(
+pub fn super_args(
    scope: &Scope,
    parents: &[&Stmt],
    expr: &Expr,
    func: &Expr,
    args: &Vec<Expr>,
 ) -> Option<Check> {
-    if !is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
+    if !helpers::is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
        return None;
    }

@@ -923,7 +1243,7 @@ pub fn check_super_args(

 // flake8-print
 /// Check whether a function call is a `print` or `pprint` invocation
-pub fn check_print_call(
+pub fn print_call(
    expr: &Expr,
    func: &Expr,
    check_print: bool,
--- a/src/ast/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/ast/helpers.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use regex::Regex;
+use rustpython_ast::{Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprKind, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::python::typing;
+
+fn compose_call_path_inner<'a>(expr: &'a Expr, parts: &mut Vec<&'a str>) {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Call { func, .. } => {
+            compose_call_path_inner(func, parts);
+        }
+        ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } => {
+            compose_call_path_inner(value, parts);
+            parts.push(attr);
+        }
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+            parts.push(id);
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn compose_call_path(expr: &Expr) -> Option<String> {
+    let mut segments = vec![];
+    compose_call_path_inner(expr, &mut segments);
+    if segments.is_empty() {
+        None
+    } else {
+        Some(segments.join("."))
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn match_name_or_attr(expr: &Expr, target: &str) -> bool {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Attribute { attr, .. } => target == attr,
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => target == id,
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum SubscriptKind {
+    AnnotatedSubscript,
+    PEP593AnnotatedSubscript,
+}
+
+pub fn match_annotated_subscript(expr: &Expr) -> Option<SubscriptKind> {
+    match &expr.node {
+        ExprKind::Attribute { attr, .. } => {
+            if typing::is_annotated_subscript(attr) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else if typing::is_pep593_annotated_subscript(attr) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::PEP593AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }
+        ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
+            if typing::is_annotated_subscript(id) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else if typing::is_pep593_annotated_subscript(id) {
+                Some(SubscriptKind::PEP593AnnotatedSubscript)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+static DUNDER_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"__[^\s]+__").unwrap());
+
+pub fn is_assignment_to_a_dunder(node: &StmtKind) -> bool {
+    // Check whether it's an assignment to a dunder, with or without a type annotation.
+    // This is what pycodestyle (as of 2.9.1) does.
+    match node {
+        StmtKind::Assign {
+            targets,
+            value: _,
+            type_comment: _,
+        } => {
+            if targets.len() != 1 {
+                return false;
+            }
+            match &targets[0].node {
+                ExprKind::Name { id, ctx: _ } => DUNDER_REGEX.is_match(id),
+                _ => false,
+            }
+        }
+        StmtKind::AnnAssign {
+            target,
+            annotation: _,
+            value: _,
+            simple: _,
+        } => match &target.node {
+            ExprKind::Name { id, ctx: _ } => DUNDER_REGEX.is_match(id),
+            _ => false,
+        },
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract the names of all handled exceptions.
+pub fn extract_handler_names(handlers: &[Excepthandler]) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut handler_names = vec![];
+    for handler in handlers {
+        match &handler.node {
+            ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } => {
+                if let Some(type_) = type_ {
+                    if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &type_.node {
+                        for type_ in elts {
+                            if let Some(name) = compose_call_path(type_) {
+                                handler_names.push(name);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else if let Some(name) = compose_call_path(type_) {
+                        handler_names.push(name);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    handler_names
+}
+
+/// Returns `true` if a call is an argumented `super` invocation.
+pub fn is_super_call_with_arguments(func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) -> bool {
+    // Check: is this a `super` call?
+    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &func.node {
+        id == "super" && !args.is_empty()
+    } else {
+        false
+    }
+}
--- a/src/ast/operations.rs
+++ b/src/ast/operations.rs
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl<'a> SourceCodeLocator<'a> {
        }
    }

-    pub fn slice_source_code_at(&mut self, location: &Location) -> &'a str {
+    fn init(&mut self) {
        if !self.initialized {
            let mut offset = 0;
            for i in self.content.lines() {
@@ -142,24 +142,40 @@ impl<'a> SourceCodeLocator<'a> {
                offset += i.len();
                offset += 1;
            }
+            self.offsets.push(offset);
            self.initialized = true;
        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn slice_source_code_at(&mut self, location: &Location) -> &'a str {
+        self.init();
        let offset = self.offsets[location.row() - 1] + location.column() - 1;
        &self.content[offset..]
    }

    pub fn slice_source_code_range(&mut self, range: &Range) -> &'a str {
-        if !self.initialized {
-            let mut offset = 0;
-            for i in self.content.lines() {
-                self.offsets.push(offset);
-                offset += i.len();
-                offset += 1;
-            }
-            self.initialized = true;
-        }
+        self.init();
        let start = self.offsets[range.location.row() - 1] + range.location.column() - 1;
        let end = self.offsets[range.end_location.row() - 1] + range.end_location.column() - 1;
        &self.content[start..end]
    }
+
+    pub fn partition_source_code_at(
+        &mut self,
+        outer: &Range,
+        inner: &Range,
+    ) -> (&'a str, &'a str, &'a str) {
+        self.init();
+        let outer_start = self.offsets[outer.location.row() - 1] + outer.location.column() - 1;
+        let outer_end =
+            self.offsets[outer.end_location.row() - 1] + outer.end_location.column() - 1;
+        let inner_start = self.offsets[inner.location.row() - 1] + inner.location.column() - 1;
+        let inner_end =
+            self.offsets[inner.end_location.row() - 1] + inner.end_location.column() - 1;
+        (
+            &self.content[outer_start..inner_start],
+            &self.content[inner_start..inner_end],
+            &self.content[inner_end..outer_end],
+        )
+    }
 }
--- a/src/ast/types.rs
+++ b/src/ast/types.rs
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ pub enum BindingKind {
    Export(Vec<String>),
    FutureImportation,
    StarImportation,
-    Importation(String, BindingContext),
-    FromImportation(String, BindingContext),
-    SubmoduleImportation(String, BindingContext),
+    Importation(String, String, BindingContext),
+    FromImportation(String, String, BindingContext),
+    SubmoduleImportation(String, String, BindingContext),
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
--- a/src/ast/visitor.rs
+++ b/src/ast/visitor.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ use rustpython_parser::ast::{
    PatternKind, Stmt, StmtKind, Unaryop, Withitem,
 };

+use crate::ast::helpers::match_name_or_attr;
+
 pub trait Visitor<'a> {
    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
        walk_stmt(self, stmt);
@@ -148,7 +150,11 @@ pub fn walk_stmt<'a, V: Visitor<'a> + ?Sized>(visitor: &mut V, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
        } => {
            visitor.visit_annotation(annotation);
            if let Some(expr) = value {
-                visitor.visit_expr(expr);
+                if match_name_or_attr(annotation, "TypeAlias") {
+                    visitor.visit_annotation(expr);
+                } else {
+                    visitor.visit_expr(expr);
+                }
            }
            visitor.visit_expr(target);
        }
--- a/src/autofix/fixer.rs
+++ b/src/autofix/fixer.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-use std::fs;
-use std::path::Path;
-
-use anyhow::Result;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use rustpython_parser::ast::Location;

@@ -24,17 +20,15 @@ impl From<bool> for Mode {
 }

 /// Auto-fix errors in a file, and write the fixed source code to disk.
-pub fn fix_file(checks: &mut [Check], contents: &str, path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+pub fn fix_file(checks: &mut [Check], contents: &str) -> Option<String> {
    if checks.iter().all(|check| check.fix.is_none()) {
-        return Ok(());
+        return None;
    }

-    let output = apply_fixes(
+    Some(apply_fixes(
        checks.iter_mut().filter_map(|check| check.fix.as_mut()),
        contents,
-    );
-
-    fs::write(path, output).map_err(|e| e.into())
+    ))
 }

 /// Apply a series of fixes.
--- a/src/check_ast.rs
+++ b/src/check_ast.rs
--- a/src/check_lines.rs
+++ b/src/check_lines.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;

-use crate::ast::types::Range;
 use rustpython_parser::ast::Location;

+use crate::ast::types::Range;
 use crate::autofix::fixer;
 use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind, Fix};
 use crate::noqa;
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ pub fn check_lines(

                match noqa {
                    (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
-                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                        ignored.push(index)
                    }
                    (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
-                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_str()) {
-                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                            ignored.push(index);
                        }
                    }
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ pub fn check_lines(

                match noqa {
                    (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
-                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                    }
                    (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
-                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_str()) {
-                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_str());
+                        if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                            matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
                        } else {
                            line_checks.push(check);
                        }
@@ -113,6 +113,45 @@ pub fn check_lines(
        }
    }

+    // Enforce newlines at end of files.
+    if settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::W292) && !contents.ends_with('\n') {
+        // Note: if `lines.last()` is `None`, then `contents` is empty (and so we don't want to
+        // raise W292 anyway).
+        if let Some(line) = lines.last() {
+            let lineno = lines.len() - 1;
+            let noqa_lineno = noqa_line_for
+                .get(lineno)
+                .map(|lineno| lineno - 1)
+                .unwrap_or(lineno);
+
+            let noqa = noqa_directives
+                .entry(noqa_lineno)
+                .or_insert_with(|| (noqa::extract_noqa_directive(lines[noqa_lineno]), vec![]));
+
+            let check = Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NoNewLineAtEndOfFile,
+                Range {
+                    location: Location::new(lines.len(), line.len() + 1),
+                    end_location: Location::new(lines.len(), line.len() + 1),
+                },
+            );
+
+            match noqa {
+                (Directive::All(_, _), matches) => {
+                    matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
+                }
+                (Directive::Codes(_, _, codes), matches) => {
+                    if codes.contains(&check.kind.code().as_ref()) {
+                        matches.push(check.kind.code().as_ref());
+                    } else {
+                        line_checks.push(check);
+                    }
+                }
+                (Directive::None, _) => line_checks.push(check),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    // Enforce that the noqa directive was actually used.
    if enforce_noqa {
        for (row, (directive, matches)) in noqa_directives {
@@ -145,15 +184,15 @@ pub fn check_lines(
                    let mut valid_codes = vec![];
                    for code in codes {
                        if !matches.contains(&code) {
-                            invalid_codes.push(code);
+                            invalid_codes.push(code.to_string());
                        } else {
-                            valid_codes.push(code);
+                            valid_codes.push(code.to_string());
                        }
                    }

                    if !invalid_codes.is_empty() {
                        let mut check = Check::new(
-                            CheckKind::UnusedNOQA(Some(invalid_codes.join(", "))),
+                            CheckKind::UnusedNOQA(Some(invalid_codes)),
                            Range {
                                location: Location::new(row + 1, start + 1),
                                end_location: Location::new(row + 1, end + 1),
--- a/src/checks.rs
+++ b/src/checks.rs
--- a/src/cli.rs
+++ b/src/cli.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ use crate::RawSettings;
 pub struct Cli {
    #[arg(required = true)]
    pub files: Vec<PathBuf>,
+    /// Path to the `pyproject.toml` file to use for configuration.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub config: Option<PathBuf>,
    /// Enable verbose logging.
    #[arg(short, long)]
    pub verbose: bool,
@@ -78,6 +81,9 @@ pub struct Cli {
    // TODO(charlie): This should be a sub-command.
    #[arg(long, hide = true)]
    pub autoformat: bool,
+    /// The name of the file when passing it through stdin.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub stdin_filename: Option<String>,
 }

 pub enum Warnable {
--- a/src/code_gen.rs
+++ b/src/code_gen.rs
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ impl SourceGenerator {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn unparse_stmt<U>(&mut self, ast: &Stmt<U>) -> fmt::Result {
+    pub fn unparse_stmt<U>(&mut self, ast: &Stmt<U>) -> fmt::Result {
        macro_rules! statement {
            ($body:block) => {{
                self.newline()?;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ impl SourceGenerator {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn unparse_expr<U>(&mut self, ast: &Expr<U>, level: u8) -> fmt::Result {
+    pub fn unparse_expr<U>(&mut self, ast: &Expr<U>, level: u8) -> fmt::Result {
        macro_rules! opprec {
            ($opty:ident, $x:expr, $enu:path, $($var:ident($op:literal, $prec:ident)),*$(,)?) => {
                match $x {
--- a/src/docstrings.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod docstring_checks;
+pub mod sections;
+pub mod types;
--- a/src/docstrings/docstring_checks.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/docstring_checks.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
+//! Abstractions for tracking and validating docstrings in Python code.
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use regex::Regex;
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, Location, Stmt, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind};
+use crate::docstrings::sections::{check_numpy_section, section_contexts};
+use crate::docstrings::types::{Definition, DefinitionKind, Documentable};
+use crate::visibility::{is_init, is_magic, is_overload, Modifier, Visibility, VisibleScope};
+
+/// Extract a docstring from a function or class body.
+pub fn docstring_from(suite: &[Stmt]) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    if let Some(stmt) = suite.first() {
+        if let StmtKind::Expr { value } = &stmt.node {
+            if matches!(
+                &value.node,
+                ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::Str(_),
+                    ..
+                }
+            ) {
+                return Some(value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Extract a `Definition` from the AST node defined by a `Stmt`.
+pub fn extract<'a>(
+    scope: &VisibleScope,
+    stmt: &'a Stmt,
+    body: &'a [Stmt],
+    kind: &Documentable,
+) -> Definition<'a> {
+    let expr = docstring_from(body);
+    match kind {
+        Documentable::Function => match scope {
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Module,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Function(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Class,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Method(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Function,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+        },
+        Documentable::Class => match scope {
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Module,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::Class(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Class,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+            VisibleScope {
+                modifier: Modifier::Function,
+                ..
+            } => Definition {
+                kind: DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt),
+                docstring: expr,
+            },
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract the source code range for a docstring.
+pub fn range_for(docstring: &Expr) -> Range {
+    // RustPython currently omits the first quotation mark in a string, so offset the location.
+    Range {
+        location: Location::new(docstring.location.row(), docstring.location.column() - 1),
+        end_location: docstring.end_location,
+    }
+}
+
+/// D100, D101, D102, D103, D104, D105, D106, D107
+pub fn not_missing(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    visibility: &Visibility,
+) -> bool {
+    if matches!(visibility, Visibility::Private) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if definition.docstring.is_some() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    match definition.kind {
+        DefinitionKind::Module => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D100) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicModule,
+                    Range {
+                        location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                        end_location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                    },
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Package => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D104) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicPackage,
+                    Range {
+                        location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                        end_location: Location::new(1, 1),
+                    },
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Class(stmt) => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D101) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicClass,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::NestedClass(stmt) => {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D106) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::PublicNestedClass,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+            false
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Function(stmt) | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt) => {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                true
+            } else {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D103) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::PublicFunction,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                false
+            }
+        }
+        DefinitionKind::Method(stmt) => {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                true
+            } else if is_magic(stmt) {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D105) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::MagicMethod,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                true
+            } else if is_init(stmt) {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D107) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::PublicInit, Range::from_located(stmt)));
+                }
+                true
+            } else {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D102) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::PublicMethod,
+                        Range::from_located(stmt),
+                    ));
+                }
+                true
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D200
+pub fn one_liner(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = &definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut line_count = 0;
+            let mut non_empty_line_count = 0;
+            for line in string.lines() {
+                line_count += 1;
+                if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    non_empty_line_count += 1;
+                }
+                if non_empty_line_count > 1 {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if non_empty_line_count == 1 && line_count > 1 {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::FitsOnOneLine, range_for(docstring)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static COMMENT_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> = Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"^\s*#").unwrap());
+
+static INNER_FUNCTION_OR_CLASS_REGEX: Lazy<Regex> =
+    Lazy::new(|| Regex::new(r"^\s+(?:(?:class|def|async def)\s|@)").unwrap());
+
+/// D201, D202
+pub fn blank_before_after_function(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(parent) = &definition.kind
+        {
+            if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                value: Constant::Str(_),
+                ..
+            } = &docstring.node
+            {
+                let (before, _, after) = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .partition_source_code_at(&Range::from_located(parent), &range_for(docstring));
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D201) {
+                    let blank_lines_before = before
+                        .lines()
+                        .rev()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    if blank_lines_before != 0 {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineBeforeFunction(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D202) {
+                    let blank_lines_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    let all_blank_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .all(|line| line.trim().is_empty() || COMMENT_REGEX.is_match(line));
+                    // Report a D202 violation if the docstring is followed by a blank line
+                    // and the blank line is not itself followed by an inner function or
+                    // class.
+                    if !all_blank_after
+                        && blank_lines_after != 0
+                        && !(blank_lines_after == 1
+                            && INNER_FUNCTION_OR_CLASS_REGEX.is_match(after))
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineAfterFunction(blank_lines_after),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D203, D204, D211
+pub fn blank_before_after_class(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = &definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Class(parent) | DefinitionKind::NestedClass(parent) =
+            &definition.kind
+        {
+            if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                value: Constant::Str(_),
+                ..
+            } = &docstring.node
+            {
+                let (before, _, after) = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .partition_source_code_at(&Range::from_located(parent), &range_for(docstring));
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D203)
+                    || checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D211)
+                {
+                    let blank_lines_before = before
+                        .lines()
+                        .rev()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    if blank_lines_before != 0
+                        && checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D211)
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLineBeforeClass(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    if blank_lines_before != 1
+                        && checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D203)
+                    {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::OneBlankLineBeforeClass(blank_lines_before),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D204) {
+                    let blank_lines_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .take_while(|line| line.trim().is_empty())
+                        .count();
+                    let all_blank_after = after
+                        .lines()
+                        .skip(1)
+                        .all(|line| line.trim().is_empty() || COMMENT_REGEX.is_match(line));
+                    if !all_blank_after && blank_lines_after != 1 {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::OneBlankLineAfterClass(blank_lines_after),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D205
+pub fn blank_after_summary(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut lines_count = 1;
+            let mut blanks_count = 0;
+            for line in string.trim().lines().skip(1) {
+                lines_count += 1;
+                if line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    blanks_count += 1;
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if lines_count > 1 && blanks_count != 1 {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NoBlankLineAfterSummary,
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D209
+pub fn newline_after_last_paragraph(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut line_count = 0;
+            for line in string.lines() {
+                if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    line_count += 1;
+                }
+                if line_count > 1 {
+                    let content = checker
+                        .locator
+                        .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+                    if let Some(line) = content.lines().last() {
+                        let line = line.trim();
+                        if line != "\"\"\"" && line != "'''" {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::NewLineAfterLastParagraph,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D210
+pub fn no_surrounding_whitespace(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let mut lines = string.lines();
+            if let Some(line) = lines.next() {
+                if line.trim().is_empty() {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if line.starts_with(' ') || (matches!(lines.next(), None) && line.ends_with(' ')) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::NoSurroundingWhitespace,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D212, D213
+pub fn multi_line_summary_start(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if string.lines().nth(1).is_some() {
+                let content = checker
+                    .locator
+                    .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+                if let Some(first_line) = content.lines().next() {
+                    let first_line = first_line.trim();
+                    if first_line == "\"\"\"" || first_line == "'''" {
+                        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D212) {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::MultiLineSummaryFirstLine,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    } else if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D213) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::MultiLineSummarySecondLine,
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D300
+pub fn triple_quotes(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let content = checker
+                .locator
+                .slice_source_code_range(&range_for(docstring));
+            if string.contains("\"\"\"") {
+                if !content.starts_with("'''") {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::UsesTripleQuotes,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            } else if !content.starts_with("\"\"\"") {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::UsesTripleQuotes,
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D400
+pub fn ends_with_period(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(string) = string.lines().next() {
+                if !string.ends_with('.') {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::EndsInPeriod, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D402
+pub fn no_signature(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(parent)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(parent) = definition.kind
+        {
+            if let StmtKind::FunctionDef { name, .. } = &parent.node {
+                if let ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::Str(string),
+                    ..
+                } = &docstring.node
+                {
+                    if let Some(first_line) = string.lines().next() {
+                        if first_line.contains(&format!("{name}(")) {
+                            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                                CheckKind::NoSignature,
+                                range_for(docstring),
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D403
+pub fn capitalized(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if !matches!(definition.kind, DefinitionKind::Function(_)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(first_word) = string.split(' ').next() {
+                if first_word == first_word.to_uppercase() {
+                    return;
+                }
+                for char in first_word.chars() {
+                    if !char.is_ascii_alphabetic() && char != '\'' {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(first_char) = first_word.chars().next() {
+                    if !first_char.is_uppercase() {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::FirstLineCapitalized,
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D404
+pub fn starts_with_this(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let trimmed = string.trim();
+            if trimmed.is_empty() {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if let Some(first_word) = string.split(' ').next() {
+                if first_word
+                    .replace(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric(), "")
+                    .to_lowercase()
+                    == "this"
+                {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::NoThisPrefix, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D415
+pub fn ends_with_punctuation(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if let Some(string) = string.lines().next() {
+                if !(string.ends_with('.') || string.ends_with('!') || string.ends_with('?')) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::EndsInPunctuation,
+                        range_for(docstring),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D418
+pub fn if_needed(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if definition.docstring.is_some() {
+        if let DefinitionKind::Function(stmt)
+        | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(stmt)
+        | DefinitionKind::Method(stmt) = definition.kind
+        {
+            if is_overload(stmt) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SkipDocstring,
+                    Range::from_located(stmt),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// D419
+pub fn not_empty(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) -> bool {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            if string.trim().is_empty() {
+                if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D419) {
+                    checker.add_check(Check::new(CheckKind::NonEmpty, range_for(docstring)));
+                }
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    true
+}
+
+pub fn check_sections(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition) {
+    if let Some(docstring) = definition.docstring {
+        if let ExprKind::Constant {
+            value: Constant::Str(string),
+            ..
+        } = &docstring.node
+        {
+            let lines: Vec<&str> = string.lines().collect();
+            if lines.len() < 2 {
+                return;
+            }
+            for context in &section_contexts(&lines) {
+                check_numpy_section(checker, definition, context);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/docstrings/sections.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/sections.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use rustpython_ast::{Arg, Expr, Location, StmtKind};
+use titlecase::titlecase;
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind};
+use crate::docstrings::docstring_checks::range_for;
+use crate::docstrings::types::{Definition, DefinitionKind};
+use crate::visibility::is_static;
+
+static NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeSet::from([
+        "Short Summary",
+        "Extended Summary",
+        "Parameters",
+        "Returns",
+        "Yields",
+        "Other Parameters",
+        "Raises",
+        "See Also",
+        "Notes",
+        "References",
+        "Examples",
+        "Attributes",
+        "Methods",
+    ])
+});
+
+static NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES_LOWERCASE: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeSet::from([
+        "short summary",
+        "extended summary",
+        "parameters",
+        "returns",
+        "yields",
+        "other parameters",
+        "raises",
+        "see also",
+        "notes",
+        "references",
+        "examples",
+        "attributes",
+        "methods",
+    ])
+});
+
+// TODO(charlie): Include Google section names.
+// static GOOGLE_SECTION_NAMES: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+//     BTreeSet::from([
+//         "Args",
+//         "Arguments",
+//         "Attention",
+//         "Attributes",
+//         "Caution",
+//         "Danger",
+//         "Error",
+//         "Example",
+//         "Examples",
+//         "Hint",
+//         "Important",
+//         "Keyword Args",
+//         "Keyword Arguments",
+//         "Methods",
+//         "Note",
+//         "Notes",
+//         "Return",
+//         "Returns",
+//         "Raises",
+//         "References",
+//         "See Also",
+//         "Tip",
+//         "Todo",
+//         "Warning",
+//         "Warnings",
+//         "Warns",
+//         "Yield",
+//         "Yields",
+//     ])
+// });
+
+fn indentation<'a>(checker: &'a mut Checker, docstring: &Expr) -> &'a str {
+    let range = range_for(docstring);
+    checker.locator.slice_source_code_range(&Range {
+        location: Location::new(range.location.row(), 1),
+        end_location: Location::new(range.location.row(), range.location.column()),
+    })
+}
+
+fn leading_space(line: &str) -> String {
+    line.chars()
+        .take_while(|char| char.is_whitespace())
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn leading_words(line: &str) -> String {
+    line.trim()
+        .chars()
+        .take_while(|char| char.is_alphanumeric() || char.is_whitespace())
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn suspected_as_section(line: &str) -> bool {
+    NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES_LOWERCASE.contains(&leading_words(line).to_lowercase().as_str())
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct SectionContext<'a> {
+    section_name: String,
+    previous_line: &'a str,
+    line: &'a str,
+    following_lines: &'a [&'a str],
+    original_index: usize,
+    is_last_section: bool,
+}
+
+/// Check if the suspected context is really a section header.
+fn is_docstring_section(context: &SectionContext) -> bool {
+    let section_name_suffix = context
+        .line
+        .trim()
+        .strip_prefix(&context.section_name)
+        .unwrap()
+        .trim();
+    let this_looks_like_a_section_name =
+        section_name_suffix == ":" || section_name_suffix.is_empty();
+    if !this_looks_like_a_section_name {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    let prev_line = context.previous_line.trim();
+    let prev_line_ends_with_punctuation = [',', ';', '.', '-', '\\', '/', ']', '}', ')']
+        .into_iter()
+        .any(|char| prev_line.ends_with(char));
+    let prev_line_looks_like_end_of_paragraph =
+        prev_line_ends_with_punctuation || prev_line.is_empty();
+    if !prev_line_looks_like_end_of_paragraph {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    true
+}
+
+/// Extract all `SectionContext` values from a docstring.
+pub fn section_contexts<'a>(lines: &'a [&'a str]) -> Vec<SectionContext<'a>> {
+    let suspected_section_indices: Vec<usize> = lines
+        .iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .filter_map(|(lineno, line)| {
+            if lineno > 0 && suspected_as_section(line) {
+                Some(lineno)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    let mut contexts = vec![];
+    for lineno in suspected_section_indices {
+        let context = SectionContext {
+            section_name: leading_words(lines[lineno]),
+            previous_line: lines[lineno - 1],
+            line: lines[lineno],
+            following_lines: &lines[lineno + 1..],
+            original_index: lineno,
+            is_last_section: false,
+        };
+        if is_docstring_section(&context) {
+            contexts.push(context);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut truncated_contexts = vec![];
+    let mut end: Option<usize> = None;
+    for context in contexts.into_iter().rev() {
+        let next_end = context.original_index;
+        truncated_contexts.push(SectionContext {
+            section_name: context.section_name,
+            previous_line: context.previous_line,
+            line: context.line,
+            following_lines: if let Some(end) = end {
+                &lines[context.original_index + 1..end]
+            } else {
+                context.following_lines
+            },
+            original_index: context.original_index,
+            is_last_section: end.is_none(),
+        });
+        end = Some(next_end);
+    }
+    truncated_contexts.reverse();
+    truncated_contexts
+}
+
+fn check_blanks_and_section_underline(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    context: &SectionContext,
+) {
+    let docstring = definition
+        .docstring
+        .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+
+    let mut blank_lines_after_header = 0;
+    for line in context.following_lines {
+        if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+            break;
+        }
+        blank_lines_after_header += 1;
+    }
+
+    // Nothing but blank lines after the section header.
+    if blank_lines_after_header == context.following_lines.len() {
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D407) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DashedUnderlineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let non_empty_line = context.following_lines[blank_lines_after_header];
+    let dash_line_found = non_empty_line
+        .chars()
+        .all(|char| char.is_whitespace() || char == '-');
+
+    if !dash_line_found {
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D407) {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DashedUnderlineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ));
+        }
+        if blank_lines_after_header > 0 {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D212) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent(
+                        context.section_name.to_string(),
+                    ),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if blank_lines_after_header > 0 {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D408) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SectionUnderlineAfterName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if non_empty_line
+            .trim()
+            .chars()
+            .filter(|char| *char == '-')
+            .count()
+            != context.section_name.len()
+        {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D409) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SectionUnderlineMatchesSectionLength(
+                        context.section_name.to_string(),
+                    ),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D215) {
+            if leading_space(non_empty_line).len() > indentation(checker, docstring).len() {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::SectionUnderlineNotOverIndented(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let line_after_dashes_index = blank_lines_after_header + 1;
+
+        if line_after_dashes_index < context.following_lines.len() {
+            let line_after_dashes = context.following_lines[line_after_dashes_index];
+            if line_after_dashes.trim().is_empty() {
+                let rest_of_lines = &context.following_lines[line_after_dashes_index..];
+                if rest_of_lines.iter().all(|line| line.trim().is_empty()) {
+                    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D412) {
+                        checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                            CheckKind::NoBlankLinesBetweenHeaderAndContent(
+                                context.section_name.to_string(),
+                            ),
+                            range_for(docstring),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D414) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::NonEmptySection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_common_section(checker: &mut Checker, definition: &Definition, context: &SectionContext) {
+    let docstring = definition
+        .docstring
+        .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D405) {
+        if !NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES.contains(&context.section_name.as_str())
+            && NUMPY_SECTION_NAMES.contains(titlecase(&context.section_name).as_str())
+        {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::CapitalizeSectionName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D214) {
+        if leading_space(context.line).len() > indentation(checker, docstring).len() {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::SectionNotOverIndented(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    if context
+        .following_lines
+        .last()
+        .map(|line| !line.trim().is_empty())
+        .unwrap_or(true)
+    {
+        if context.is_last_section {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D413) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::BlankLineAfterLastSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ))
+            }
+        } else {
+            if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D410) {
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::BlankLineAfterSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                    range_for(docstring),
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D411) {
+        if !context.previous_line.is_empty() {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::BlankLineBeforeSection(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_missing_args(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    docstrings_args: BTreeSet<&str>,
+) {
+    if let DefinitionKind::Function(parent)
+    | DefinitionKind::NestedFunction(parent)
+    | DefinitionKind::Method(parent) = definition.kind
+    {
+        if let StmtKind::FunctionDef {
+            args: arguments, ..
+        }
+        | StmtKind::AsyncFunctionDef {
+            args: arguments, ..
+        } = &parent.node
+        {
+            // Collect all the arguments into a single vector.
+            let mut all_arguments: Vec<&Arg> = arguments
+                .args
+                .iter()
+                .chain(arguments.posonlyargs.iter())
+                .chain(arguments.kwonlyargs.iter())
+                .skip(
+                    // If this is a non-static method, skip `cls` or `self`.
+                    if matches!(definition.kind, DefinitionKind::Method(_)) && !is_static(parent) {
+                        1
+                    } else {
+                        0
+                    },
+                )
+                .collect();
+            if let Some(arg) = &arguments.vararg {
+                all_arguments.push(arg);
+            }
+            if let Some(arg) = &arguments.kwarg {
+                all_arguments.push(arg);
+            }
+
+            // Look for arguments that weren't included in the docstring.
+            let mut missing_args: BTreeSet<&str> = Default::default();
+            for arg in all_arguments {
+                let arg_name = arg.node.arg.as_str();
+                if arg_name.starts_with('_') {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if docstrings_args.contains(&arg_name) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                missing_args.insert(arg_name);
+            }
+
+            if !missing_args.is_empty() {
+                let names = missing_args
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(String::from)
+                    .sorted()
+                    .collect();
+                checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                    CheckKind::DocumentAllArguments(names),
+                    Range::from_located(parent),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_parameters_section(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    context: &SectionContext,
+) {
+    // Collect the list of arguments documented in the docstring.
+    let mut docstring_args: BTreeSet<&str> = Default::default();
+    let section_level_indent = leading_space(context.line);
+    for i in 1..context.following_lines.len() {
+        let current_line = context.following_lines[i - 1];
+        let current_leading_space = leading_space(current_line);
+        let next_line = context.following_lines[i];
+        if current_leading_space == section_level_indent
+            && (leading_space(next_line).len() > current_leading_space.len())
+            && !next_line.trim().is_empty()
+        {
+            let parameters = if let Some(semi_index) = current_line.find(':') {
+                // If the parameter has a type annotation, exclude it.
+                &current_line[..semi_index]
+            } else {
+                // Otherwise, it's just a list of parameters on the current line.
+                current_line.trim()
+            };
+            // Notably, NumPy lets you put multiple parameters of the same type on the same line.
+            for parameter in parameters.split(',') {
+                docstring_args.insert(parameter.trim());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Validate that all arguments were documented.
+    check_missing_args(checker, definition, docstring_args);
+}
+
+pub fn check_numpy_section(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    definition: &Definition,
+    context: &SectionContext,
+) {
+    check_common_section(checker, definition, context);
+    check_blanks_and_section_underline(checker, definition, context);
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D406) {
+        let suffix = context
+            .line
+            .trim()
+            .strip_prefix(&context.section_name)
+            .unwrap();
+        if !suffix.is_empty() {
+            let docstring = definition
+                .docstring
+                .expect("Sections are only available for docstrings.");
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::NewLineAfterSectionName(context.section_name.to_string()),
+                range_for(docstring),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::D417) {
+        if titlecase(&context.section_name) == "Parameters" {
+            check_parameters_section(checker, definition, context);
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/docstrings/types.rs
+++ b/src/docstrings/types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DefinitionKind<'a> {
+    Module,
+    Package,
+    Class(&'a Stmt),
+    NestedClass(&'a Stmt),
+    Function(&'a Stmt),
+    NestedFunction(&'a Stmt),
+    Method(&'a Stmt),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Definition<'a> {
+    pub kind: DefinitionKind<'a>,
+    pub docstring: Option<&'a Expr>,
+}
+
+pub enum Documentable {
+    Class,
+    Function,
+}
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#![allow(clippy::collapsible_if, clippy::collapsible_else_if)]
 use std::path::Path;

 use anyhow::Result;
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ mod check_lines;
 pub mod checks;
 pub mod cli;
 pub mod code_gen;
+mod docstrings;
 pub mod fs;
 pub mod linter;
 pub mod logging;
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ pub mod printer;
 pub mod pyproject;
 mod python;
 pub mod settings;
+pub mod visibility;

 /// Run ruff over Python source code directly.
 pub fn check(path: &Path, contents: &str) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
--- a/src/linter.rs
+++ b/src/linter.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 use std::fs::write;
+use std::io;
+use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::Path;

 use anyhow::Result;
@@ -83,6 +85,43 @@ pub(crate) fn check_path(
    Ok(checks)
 }

+pub fn lint_stdin(
+    path: &Path,
+    stdin: &str,
+    settings: &Settings,
+    autofix: &fixer::Mode,
+) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
+    // Tokenize once.
+    let tokens: Vec<LexResult> = tokenize(stdin);
+
+    // Determine the noqa line for every line in the source.
+    let noqa_line_for = noqa::extract_noqa_line_for(&tokens);
+
+    // Generate checks.
+    let mut checks = check_path(path, stdin, tokens, &noqa_line_for, settings, autofix)?;
+
+    // Apply autofix, write results to stdout.
+    if matches!(autofix, fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+        let output = match fix_file(&mut checks, stdin) {
+            None => stdin.to_string(),
+            Some(content) => content,
+        };
+        io::stdout().write_all(output.as_bytes())?;
+    }
+
+    // Convert to messages.
+    Ok(checks
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|check| Message {
+            kind: check.kind,
+            fixed: check.fix.map(|fix| fix.applied).unwrap_or_default(),
+            location: check.location,
+            end_location: check.end_location,
+            filename: path.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
+        })
+        .collect())
+}
+
 pub fn lint_path(
    path: &Path,
    settings: &Settings,
@@ -111,7 +150,9 @@ pub fn lint_path(

    // Apply autofix.
    if matches!(autofix, fixer::Mode::Apply) {
-        fix_file(&mut checks, &contents, path)?;
+        if let Some(fixed_contents) = fix_file(&mut checks, &contents) {
+            write(path, fixed_contents)?;
+        }
    };

    // Convert to messages.
@@ -171,11 +212,13 @@ pub fn autoformat_path(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
+    use std::convert::AsRef;
    use std::path::Path;

    use anyhow::Result;
    use regex::Regex;
    use rustpython_parser::lexer::LexResult;
+    use test_case::test_case;

    use crate::autofix::fixer;
    use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode};
@@ -195,459 +238,133 @@ mod tests {
        linter::check_path(path, &contents, tokens, &noqa_line_for, settings, autofix)
    }

-    #[test]
-    fn e402() -> Result<()> {
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::A001, Path::new("A001.py"); "A001")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::A002, Path::new("A002.py"); "A002")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::A003, Path::new("A003.py"); "A003")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::B011, Path::new("B011.py"); "B011")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::B014, Path::new("B014.py"); "B014")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::B025, Path::new("B025.py"); "B025")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C400, Path::new("C400.py"); "C400")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C401, Path::new("C401.py"); "C401")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C402, Path::new("C402.py"); "C402")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C403, Path::new("C403.py"); "C403")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C404, Path::new("C404.py"); "C404")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C405, Path::new("C405.py"); "C405")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C406, Path::new("C406.py"); "C406")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C408, Path::new("C408.py"); "C408")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C409, Path::new("C409.py"); "C409")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C410, Path::new("C410.py"); "C410")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C411, Path::new("C411.py"); "C411")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C413, Path::new("C413.py"); "C413")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C414, Path::new("C414.py"); "C414")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C415, Path::new("C415.py"); "C415")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::C416, Path::new("C416.py"); "C416")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D100, Path::new("D.py"); "D100")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D101, Path::new("D.py"); "D101")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D102, Path::new("D.py"); "D102")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D103, Path::new("D.py"); "D103")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D104, Path::new("D.py"); "D104")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D105, Path::new("D.py"); "D105")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D106, Path::new("D.py"); "D106")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D107, Path::new("D.py"); "D107")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D201, Path::new("D.py"); "D201")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D202, Path::new("D.py"); "D202")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D203, Path::new("D.py"); "D203")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D204, Path::new("D.py"); "D204")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D205, Path::new("D.py"); "D205")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D209, Path::new("D.py"); "D209")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D210, Path::new("D.py"); "D210")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D211, Path::new("D.py"); "D211")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D212, Path::new("D.py"); "D212")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D213, Path::new("D.py"); "D213")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D214, Path::new("sections.py"); "D214")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D215, Path::new("sections.py"); "D215")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D300, Path::new("D.py"); "D300")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D400, Path::new("D.py"); "D400")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D402, Path::new("D.py"); "D402")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D403, Path::new("D.py"); "D403")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D404, Path::new("D.py"); "D404")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D405, Path::new("sections.py"); "D405")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D406, Path::new("sections.py"); "D406")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D407, Path::new("sections.py"); "D407")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D408, Path::new("sections.py"); "D408")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D409, Path::new("sections.py"); "D409")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D410, Path::new("sections.py"); "D410")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D411, Path::new("sections.py"); "D411")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D412, Path::new("sections.py"); "D412")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D413, Path::new("sections.py"); "D413")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D414, Path::new("sections.py"); "D414")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D415, Path::new("D.py"); "D415")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D417, Path::new("sections.py"); "D417_0")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D417, Path::new("canonical_numpy_examples.py"); "D417_1")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D418, Path::new("D.py"); "D418")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::D419, Path::new("D.py"); "D419")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E402, Path::new("E402.py"); "E402")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E501, Path::new("E501.py"); "E501")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E711, Path::new("E711.py"); "E711")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E712, Path::new("E712.py"); "E712")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E713, Path::new("E713.py"); "E713")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E714, Path::new("E714.py"); "E714")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E721, Path::new("E721.py"); "E721")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E722, Path::new("E722.py"); "E722")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E731, Path::new("E731.py"); "E731")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E741, Path::new("E741.py"); "E741")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E742, Path::new("E742.py"); "E742")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E743, Path::new("E743.py"); "E743")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::E999, Path::new("E999.py"); "E999")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F401, Path::new("F401_0.py"); "F401_0")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F401, Path::new("F401_1.py"); "F401_1")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F401, Path::new("F401_2.py"); "F401_2")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F401, Path::new("F401_3.py"); "F401_3")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F401, Path::new("F401_4.py"); "F401_4")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F402, Path::new("F402.py"); "F402")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F403, Path::new("F403.py"); "F403")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F404, Path::new("F404.py"); "F404")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F405, Path::new("F405.py"); "F405")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F406, Path::new("F406.py"); "F406")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F407, Path::new("F407.py"); "F407")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F541, Path::new("F541.py"); "F541")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F601, Path::new("F601.py"); "F601")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F602, Path::new("F602.py"); "F602")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F622, Path::new("F622.py"); "F622")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F631, Path::new("F631.py"); "F631")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F632, Path::new("F632.py"); "F632")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F633, Path::new("F633.py"); "F633")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F634, Path::new("F634.py"); "F634")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F701, Path::new("F701.py"); "F701")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F702, Path::new("F702.py"); "F702")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F704, Path::new("F704.py"); "F704")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F706, Path::new("F706.py"); "F706")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F707, Path::new("F707.py"); "F707")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F722, Path::new("F722.py"); "F722")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F821, Path::new("F821.py"); "F821")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F822, Path::new("F822.py"); "F822")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F823, Path::new("F823.py"); "F823")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F831, Path::new("F831.py"); "F831")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F841, Path::new("F841.py"); "F841")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::F901, Path::new("F901.py"); "F901")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::T201, Path::new("T201.py"); "T201")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::T203, Path::new("T203.py"); "T203")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U001, Path::new("U001.py"); "U001")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U002, Path::new("U002.py"); "U002")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U003, Path::new("U003.py"); "U003")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U004, Path::new("U004.py"); "U004")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U005, Path::new("U005.py"); "U005")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U006, Path::new("U006.py"); "U006")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U007, Path::new("U007.py"); "U007")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::U008, Path::new("U008.py"); "U008")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::W292, Path::new("W292_0.py"); "W292_0")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::W292, Path::new("W292_1.py"); "W292_1")]
+    #[test_case(CheckCode::W292, Path::new("W292_2.py"); "W292_2")]
+    fn checks(check_code: CheckCode, path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+        let snapshot = format!("{}_{}", check_code.as_ref(), path.to_string_lossy());
        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E402.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E402),
+            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures").join(path).as_path(),
+            &settings::Settings::for_rule(check_code.clone()),
            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
        )?;
        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e501() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E501.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E501),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e711() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E711.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E711),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e712() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E712.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E712),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e713() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E713.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E713),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e721() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E721.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E721),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e722() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E722.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E722),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e714() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E714.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E714),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e731() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E731.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E731),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e741() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E741.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E741),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e742() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E742.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E742),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e743() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E743.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E743),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f401() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F401.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F401),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f402() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F402.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F402),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f403() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F403.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F403),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f404() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F404.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F404),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f405() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F405.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F405),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f406() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F406.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F406),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f407() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F407.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F407),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f541() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F541.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F541),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f601() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F601.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F601),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f602() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F602.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F602),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f622() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F622.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F622),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f631() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F631.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F631),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f632() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F632.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F632),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f633() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F633.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F633),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f634() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F634.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F634),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f701() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F701.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F701),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f702() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F702.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F702),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f704() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F704.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F704),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f706() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F706.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F706),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f707() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F707.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F707),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f722() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F722.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F722),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f821() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F821.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F821),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f822() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F822.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F822),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f823() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F823.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F823),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f831() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F831.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F831),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn f841() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F841.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F841),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
+        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(snapshot, checks);
        Ok(())
    }

@@ -666,18 +383,6 @@ mod tests {
        Ok(())
    }

-    #[test]
-    fn f901() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/F901.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::F901),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
    #[test]
    fn m001() -> Result<()> {
        let mut checks = check_path(
@@ -713,196 +418,4 @@ mod tests {
        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
        Ok(())
    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn e999() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/E999.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::E999),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn a001() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/A001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::A001),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn a002() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/A002.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::A002),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn a003() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/A003.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::A003),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn c400() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C400.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C400),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn c401() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C401.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C401),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn c403() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C403.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C403),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn c404() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/C404.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::C404),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn spr001() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/SPR001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::SPR001),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn t201() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/T201.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::T201),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn t203() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/T203.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::T203),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn u001() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U001.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U001),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn u002() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U002.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U002),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn u003() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U003.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U003),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn u004() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U004.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U004),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn u005() -> Result<()> {
-        let mut checks = check_path(
-            Path::new("./resources/test/fixtures/U005.py"),
-            &settings::Settings::for_rule(CheckCode::U005),
-            &fixer::Mode::Generate,
-        )?;
-        checks.sort_by_key(|check| check.location);
-        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!(checks);
-        Ok(())
-    }
 }
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::io;
+use std::io::{self, Read};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::ExitCode;
 use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use ruff::cli::{warn_on, Cli, Warnable};
 use ruff::fs::iter_python_files;
 use ruff::linter::add_noqa_to_path;
 use ruff::linter::autoformat_path;
-use ruff::linter::lint_path;
+use ruff::linter::{lint_path, lint_stdin};
 use ruff::logging::set_up_logging;
 use ruff::message::Message;
 use ruff::printer::{Printer, SerializationFormat};
@@ -75,6 +75,19 @@ fn show_files(files: &[PathBuf], settings: &Settings) {
    }
 }

+fn read_from_stdin() -> Result<String> {
+    let mut buffer = String::new();
+    io::stdin().lock().read_to_string(&mut buffer)?;
+    Ok(buffer)
+}
+
+fn run_once_stdin(settings: &Settings, filename: &Path, autofix: bool) -> Result<Vec<Message>> {
+    let stdin = read_from_stdin()?;
+    let mut messages = lint_stdin(filename, &stdin, settings, &autofix.into())?;
+    messages.sort_unstable();
+    Ok(messages)
+}
+
 fn run_once(
    files: &[PathBuf],
    settings: &Settings,
@@ -203,7 +216,9 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
        Some(path) => debug!("Found project root at: {:?}", path),
        None => debug!("Unable to identify project root; assuming current directory..."),
    };
-    let pyproject = pyproject::find_pyproject_toml(&project_root);
+    let pyproject = cli
+        .config
+        .or_else(|| pyproject::find_pyproject_toml(&project_root));
    match &pyproject {
        Some(path) => debug!("Found pyproject.toml at: {:?}", path),
        None => debug!("Unable to find pyproject.toml; using default settings..."),
@@ -352,8 +367,20 @@ fn inner_main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
            println!("Formatted {modifications} files.");
        }
    } else {
-        let messages = run_once(&cli.files, &settings, !cli.no_cache, cli.fix)?;
-        if !cli.quiet {
+        let (messages, print_messages) = if cli.files == vec![PathBuf::from("-")] {
+            let filename = cli.stdin_filename.unwrap_or_else(|| "-".to_string());
+            let path = Path::new(&filename);
+            (
+                run_once_stdin(&settings, path, cli.fix)?,
+                !cli.quiet && !cli.fix,
+            )
+        } else {
+            (
+                run_once(&cli.files, &settings, !cli.no_cache, cli.fix)?,
+                !cli.quiet,
+            )
+        };
+        if print_messages {
            printer.write_once(&messages)?;
        }

--- a/src/message.rs
+++ b/src/message.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for Message {
            ":".cyan(),
            self.location.column(),
            ":".cyan(),
-            self.kind.code().as_str().red().bold(),
+            self.kind.code().as_ref().red().bold(),
            self.kind.body()
        )
    }
--- a/src/noqa.rs
+++ b/src/noqa.rs
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ fn add_noqa_inner(
                    Directive::All(start, _) => output.push_str(&line[..start]),
                    Directive::Codes(start, _, _) => output.push_str(&line[..start]),
                };
-                let codes: Vec<&str> = codes.iter().map(|code| code.as_str()).collect();
+                let codes: Vec<&str> = codes.iter().map(|code| code.as_ref()).collect();
                output.push_str("  # noqa: ");
                output.push_str(&codes.join(", "));
                output.push('\n');
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ pub fn add_noqa(

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use crate::ast::types::Range;
    use anyhow::Result;
    use rustpython_parser::ast::Location;
    use rustpython_parser::lexer;
    use rustpython_parser::lexer::LexResult;

+    use crate::ast::types::Range;
    use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind};
    use crate::noqa::{add_noqa_inner, extract_noqa_line_for};

--- a/src/plugins.rs
+++ b/src/plugins.rs
@@ -1,21 +1,29 @@
-mod assert_equals;
-mod assert_tuple;
-mod if_tuple;
-mod invalid_print_syntax;
-mod print_call;
-mod super_call_with_parameters;
-mod type_of_primitive;
-mod unnecessary_abspath;
-mod useless_metaclass_type;
-mod useless_object_inheritance;
-
-pub use assert_equals::assert_equals;
+pub use assert_false::assert_false;
 pub use assert_tuple::assert_tuple;
+pub use deprecated_unittest_alias::deprecated_unittest_alias;
+pub use duplicate_exceptions::duplicate_exceptions;
 pub use if_tuple::if_tuple;
 pub use invalid_print_syntax::invalid_print_syntax;
 pub use print_call::print_call;
 pub use super_call_with_parameters::super_call_with_parameters;
 pub use type_of_primitive::type_of_primitive;
 pub use unnecessary_abspath::unnecessary_abspath;
+pub use use_pep585_annotation::use_pep585_annotation;
+pub use use_pep604_annotation::use_pep604_annotation;
 pub use useless_metaclass_type::useless_metaclass_type;
 pub use useless_object_inheritance::useless_object_inheritance;
+
+mod assert_false;
+mod assert_tuple;
+mod deprecated_unittest_alias;
+mod duplicate_exceptions;
+mod if_tuple;
+mod invalid_print_syntax;
+mod print_call;
+mod super_call_with_parameters;
+mod type_of_primitive;
+mod unnecessary_abspath;
+mod use_pep585_annotation;
+mod use_pep604_annotation;
+mod useless_metaclass_type;
+mod useless_object_inheritance;
--- a/src/plugins/assert_equals.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/assert_equals.rs
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Location};
-
-use crate::ast::checks;
-use crate::autofix::fixer;
-use crate::check_ast::Checker;
-use crate::checks::Fix;
-
-pub fn assert_equals(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
-    if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_assert_equals(expr) {
-        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
-            check.amend(Fix {
-                content: "assertEqual".to_string(),
-                location: Location::new(expr.location.row(), expr.location.column() + 1),
-                end_location: Location::new(
-                    expr.location.row(),
-                    expr.location.column() + 1 + "assertEquals".len(),
-                ),
-                applied: false,
-            });
-        }
-        checker.add_check(check);
-    }
-}
--- a/src/plugins/assert_false.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/assert_false.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprContext, ExprKind, Stmt, StmtKind};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn assertion_error(msg: &Option<Box<Expr>>) -> Stmt {
+    Stmt::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        StmtKind::Raise {
+            exc: Some(Box::new(Expr::new(
+                Default::default(),
+                Default::default(),
+                ExprKind::Call {
+                    func: Box::new(Expr::new(
+                        Default::default(),
+                        Default::default(),
+                        ExprKind::Name {
+                            id: "AssertionError".to_string(),
+                            ctx: ExprContext::Load,
+                        },
+                    )),
+                    args: if let Some(msg) = msg {
+                        vec![*msg.clone()]
+                    } else {
+                        vec![]
+                    },
+                    keywords: vec![],
+                },
+            ))),
+            cause: None,
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn assert_false(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr, msg: &Option<Box<Expr>>) {
+    if let ExprKind::Constant {
+        value: Constant::Bool(false),
+        ..
+    } = &test.node
+    {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::DoNotAssertFalse, Range::from_located(test));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+            if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_stmt(&assertion_error(msg)) {
+                if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                    check.amend(Fix {
+                        content,
+                        location: stmt.location,
+                        end_location: stmt.end_location,
+                        applied: false,
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/assert_tuple.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/assert_tuple.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;

 pub fn assert_tuple(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr) {
    if let Some(check) =
-        checks::check_assert_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)))
+        checkers::assert_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)))
    {
        checker.add_check(check);
    }
--- a/src/plugins/deprecated_unittest_alias.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/deprecated_unittest_alias.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use rustpython_ast::{Expr, ExprKind, Location};
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+
+static DEPRECATED_ALIASES: Lazy<BTreeMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    BTreeMap::from([
+        ("failUnlessEqual", "assertEqual"),
+        ("assertEquals", "assertEqual"),
+        ("failIfEqual", "assertNotEqual"),
+        ("assertNotEquals", "assertNotEqual"),
+        ("failUnless", "assertTrue"),
+        ("assert_", "assertTrue"),
+        ("failIf", "assertFalse"),
+        ("failUnlessRaises", "assertRaises"),
+        ("failUnlessAlmostEqual", "assertAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertAlmostEquals", "assertAlmostEqual"),
+        ("failIfAlmostEqual", "assertNotAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertNotAlmostEquals", "assertNotAlmostEqual"),
+        ("assertRegexpMatches", "assertRegex"),
+        ("assertNotRegexpMatches", "assertNotRegex"),
+        ("assertRaisesRegexp", "assertRaisesRegex"),
+    ])
+});
+
+pub fn deprecated_unittest_alias(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
+    if let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &expr.node {
+        if let Some(target) = DEPRECATED_ALIASES.get(attr.as_str()) {
+            if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node {
+                if id == "self" {
+                    let mut check = Check::new(
+                        CheckKind::DeprecatedUnittestAlias(attr.to_string(), target.to_string()),
+                        Range::from_located(expr),
+                    );
+                    if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+                        check.amend(Fix {
+                            content: format!("self.{}", target),
+                            location: Location::new(expr.location.row(), expr.location.column()),
+                            end_location: Location::new(
+                                expr.end_location.row(),
+                                expr.end_location.column(),
+                            ),
+                            applied: false,
+                        });
+                    }
+                    checker.add_check(check);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/duplicate_exceptions.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/duplicate_exceptions.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use rustpython_ast::{Excepthandler, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprContext, ExprKind, Stmt};
+
+use crate::ast::helpers;
+use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckCode, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn type_pattern(elts: Vec<&Expr>) -> Expr {
+    Expr::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        ExprKind::Tuple {
+            elts: elts.into_iter().cloned().collect(),
+            ctx: ExprContext::Load,
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn duplicate_handler_exceptions(
+    checker: &mut Checker,
+    expr: &Expr,
+    elts: &Vec<Expr>,
+) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+    let mut seen: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut duplicates: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut unique_elts: Vec<&Expr> = Default::default();
+    for type_ in elts {
+        if let Some(name) = helpers::compose_call_path(type_) {
+            if seen.contains(&name) {
+                duplicates.insert(name);
+            } else {
+                seen.insert(name);
+                unique_elts.push(type_);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::B014) {
+        // TODO(charlie): Handle "BaseException" and redundant exception aliases.
+        if !duplicates.is_empty() {
+            let mut check = Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DuplicateHandlerException(
+                    duplicates.into_iter().sorted().collect::<Vec<String>>(),
+                ),
+                checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)),
+            );
+            if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+                // TODO(charlie): If we have a single element, remove the tuple.
+                let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&type_pattern(unique_elts), 0) {
+                    if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                        check.amend(Fix {
+                            content,
+                            location: expr.location,
+                            end_location: expr.end_location,
+                            applied: false,
+                        })
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            checker.add_check(check);
+        }
+    }
+
+    seen
+}
+
+pub fn duplicate_exceptions(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, handlers: &[Excepthandler]) {
+    let mut seen: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    let mut duplicates: BTreeSet<String> = Default::default();
+    for handler in handlers {
+        match &handler.node {
+            ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { type_, .. } => {
+                if let Some(type_) = type_ {
+                    match &type_.node {
+                        ExprKind::Attribute { .. } | ExprKind::Name { .. } => {
+                            if let Some(name) = helpers::compose_call_path(type_) {
+                                if seen.contains(&name) {
+                                    duplicates.insert(name);
+                                } else {
+                                    seen.insert(name);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                            for name in duplicate_handler_exceptions(checker, type_, elts) {
+                                if seen.contains(&name) {
+                                    duplicates.insert(name);
+                                } else {
+                                    seen.insert(name);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::B025) {
+        for duplicate in duplicates.into_iter().sorted() {
+            checker.add_check(Check::new(
+                CheckKind::DuplicateTryBlockException(duplicate),
+                checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)),
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/if_tuple.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/if_tuple.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;

 pub fn if_tuple(checker: &mut Checker, stmt: &Stmt, test: &Expr) {
-    if let Some(check) =
-        checks::check_if_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)))
-    {
+    if let Some(check) = checkers::if_tuple(test, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt))) {
        checker.add_check(check);
    }
 }
--- a/src/plugins/print_call.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/print_call.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use log::error;
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt, StmtKind};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;
 use crate::checks::CheckCode;

 pub fn print_call(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr) {
-    if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_print_call(
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::print_call(
        expr,
        func,
        checker.settings.enabled.contains(&CheckCode::T201),
--- a/src/plugins/super_call_with_parameters.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/super_call_with_parameters.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::{checkers, helpers};
 use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;

@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ pub fn super_call_with_parameters(
 ) {
    // Only bother going through the super check at all if we're in a `super` call.
    // (We check this in `check_super_args` too, so this is just an optimization.)
-    if checks::is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
+    if helpers::is_super_call_with_arguments(func, args) {
        let scope = checker.current_scope();
        let parents: Vec<&Stmt> = checker
            .parent_stack
            .iter()
            .map(|index| checker.parents[*index])
            .collect();
-        if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_super_args(scope, &parents, expr, func, args) {
+        if let Some(mut check) = checkers::super_args(scope, &parents, expr, func, args) {
            if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
                if let Some(fix) = fixes::remove_super_arguments(&mut checker.locator, expr) {
                    check.amend(fix);
--- a/src/plugins/type_of_primitive.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/type_of_primitive.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use rustpython_ast::Expr;

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
 use crate::autofix::fixer;
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::checks::{CheckKind, Fix};

 pub fn type_of_primitive(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) {
    if let Some(mut check) =
-        checks::check_type_of_primitive(func, args, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)))
+        checkers::type_of_primitive(func, args, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)))
    {
        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
            if let CheckKind::TypeOfPrimitive(primitive) = &check.kind {
--- a/src/plugins/unnecessary_abspath.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/unnecessary_abspath.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
 use rustpython_ast::Expr;

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
 use crate::autofix::fixer;
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;
 use crate::checks::Fix;

 pub fn unnecessary_abspath(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, func: &Expr, args: &Vec<Expr>) {
-    if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_unnecessary_abspath(
-        func,
-        args,
-        checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)),
-    ) {
+    if let Some(mut check) =
+        checkers::unnecessary_abspath(func, args, checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(expr)))
+    {
        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
            check.amend(Fix {
                content: "__file__".to_string(),
--- a/src/plugins/use_pep585_annotation.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/use_pep585_annotation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use rustpython_ast::Expr;
+
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::python::typing;
+
+pub fn use_pep585_annotation(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, id: &str) {
+    // TODO(charlie): Verify that the builtin is imported from the `typing` module.
+    if typing::is_pep585_builtin(id) {
+        let mut check = Check::new(
+            CheckKind::UsePEP585Annotation(id.to_string()),
+            Range::from_located(expr),
+        );
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            check.amend(Fix {
+                content: id.to_lowercase(),
+                location: expr.location,
+                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                applied: false,
+            })
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/use_pep604_annotation.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/use_pep604_annotation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use rustpython_ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, Operator};
+
+use crate::ast::helpers::match_name_or_attr;
+use crate::ast::types::Range;
+use crate::autofix::fixer;
+use crate::check_ast::Checker;
+use crate::checks::{Check, CheckKind, Fix};
+use crate::code_gen::SourceGenerator;
+
+fn optional(expr: &Expr) -> Expr {
+    Expr::new(
+        Default::default(),
+        Default::default(),
+        ExprKind::BinOp {
+            left: Box::new(expr.clone()),
+            op: Operator::BitOr,
+            right: Box::new(Expr::new(
+                Default::default(),
+                Default::default(),
+                ExprKind::Constant {
+                    value: Constant::None,
+                    kind: None,
+                },
+            )),
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+fn union(elts: &[Expr]) -> Expr {
+    if elts.len() == 1 {
+        elts[0].clone()
+    } else {
+        Expr::new(
+            Default::default(),
+            Default::default(),
+            ExprKind::BinOp {
+                left: Box::new(union(&elts[..elts.len() - 1])),
+                op: Operator::BitOr,
+                right: Box::new(elts[elts.len() - 1].clone()),
+            },
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn use_pep604_annotation(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr, value: &Expr, slice: &Expr) {
+    if match_name_or_attr(value, "Optional") {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::UsePEP604Annotation, Range::from_located(expr));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+            if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&optional(slice), 0) {
+                if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                    check.amend(Fix {
+                        content,
+                        location: expr.location,
+                        end_location: expr.end_location,
+                        applied: false,
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    } else if match_name_or_attr(value, "Union") {
+        let mut check = Check::new(CheckKind::UsePEP604Annotation, Range::from_located(expr));
+        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
+            match &slice.node {
+                ExprKind::Slice { .. } => {
+                    // Invalid type annotation.
+                }
+                ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+                    let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                    if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(&union(elts), 0) {
+                        if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                            check.amend(Fix {
+                                content,
+                                location: expr.location,
+                                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                                applied: false,
+                            })
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // Single argument.
+                    let mut generator = SourceGenerator::new();
+                    if let Ok(()) = generator.unparse_expr(slice, 0) {
+                        if let Ok(content) = generator.generate() {
+                            check.amend(Fix {
+                                content,
+                                location: expr.location,
+                                end_location: expr.end_location,
+                                applied: false,
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        checker.add_check(check);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/plugins/useless_metaclass_type.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/useless_metaclass_type.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use log::error;
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Stmt};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::ast::types::{CheckLocator, Range};
 use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ pub fn useless_metaclass_type(
    value: &Expr,
    targets: &Vec<Expr>,
 ) {
-    if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_useless_metaclass_type(
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::useless_metaclass_type(
        targets,
        value,
        checker.locate_check(Range::from_located(stmt)),
--- a/src/plugins/useless_object_inheritance.rs
+++ b/src/plugins/useless_object_inheritance.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use rustpython_ast::{Expr, Keyword, Stmt};

-use crate::ast::checks;
+use crate::ast::checkers;
 use crate::autofix::{fixer, fixes};
 use crate::check_ast::Checker;

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ pub fn useless_object_inheritance(
    keywords: &[Keyword],
 ) {
    let scope = checker.current_scope();
-    if let Some(mut check) = checks::check_useless_object_inheritance(name, bases, scope) {
+    if let Some(mut check) = checkers::useless_object_inheritance(name, bases, scope) {
        if matches!(checker.autofix, fixer::Mode::Generate | fixer::Mode::Apply) {
            if let Some(fix) = fixes::remove_class_def_base(
                &mut checker.locator,
--- a/src/pyproject.rs
+++ b/src/pyproject.rs
@@ -154,12 +154,13 @@ mod tests {

    use anyhow::Result;

-    use super::StrCheckCodePair;
    use crate::checks::CheckCode;
    use crate::pyproject::{
        find_project_root, find_pyproject_toml, parse_pyproject_toml, Config, PyProject, Tools,
    };

+    use super::StrCheckCodePair;
+
    #[test]
    fn deserialize() -> Result<()> {
        let pyproject: PyProject = toml::from_str(r#""#)?;
--- a/src/python/typing.rs
+++ b/src/python/typing.rs
@@ -92,3 +92,10 @@ pub fn is_annotated_subscript(name: &str) -> bool {
 pub fn is_pep593_annotated_subscript(name: &str) -> bool {
    name == "Annotated"
 }
+
+static PEP_585_BUILTINS: Lazy<BTreeSet<&'static str>> =
+    Lazy::new(|| BTreeSet::from(["Dict", "FrozenSet", "List", "Set", "Tuple", "Type"]));
+
+pub fn is_pep585_builtin(name: &str) -> bool {
+    PEP_585_BUILTINS.contains(name)
+}
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA001_A001.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA001_A001.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA002_A002.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA002_A002.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA003_A003.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsA003_A003.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B011_B011.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B011_B011.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: DoNotAssertFalse
+  location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 8
+  end_location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 13
+  fix:
+    content: raise AssertionError()
+    location:
+      row: 8
+      column: 1
+    end_location:
+      row: 8
+      column: 13
+    applied: false
+- kind: DoNotAssertFalse
+  location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 8
+  end_location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 13
+  fix:
+    content: "raise AssertionError(\"message\")"
+    location:
+      row: 10
+      column: 1
+    end_location:
+      row: 10
+      column: 24
+    applied: false
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B014_B014.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B014_B014.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - OSError
+  location:
+    row: 17
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 17
+    column: 25
+  fix:
+    content: "OSError,"
+    location:
+      row: 17
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 17
+      column: 25
+    applied: false
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - MyError
+  location:
+    row: 28
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 28
+    column: 25
+  fix:
+    content: "MyError,"
+    location:
+      row: 28
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 28
+      column: 25
+    applied: false
+- kind:
+    DuplicateHandlerException:
+      - re.error
+  location:
+    row: 49
+    column: 9
+  end_location:
+    row: 49
+    column: 27
+  fix:
+    content: "re.error,"
+    location:
+      row: 49
+      column: 9
+    end_location:
+      row: 49
+      column: 27
+    applied: false
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B025_B025.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__B025_B025.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: ValueError
+  location:
+    row: 15
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: pickle.PickleError
+  location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: TypeError
+  location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 39
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    DuplicateTryBlockException: ValueError
+  location:
+    row: 31
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 39
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC400_C400.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC400_C400.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC401_C401.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC401_C401.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C402_C402.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C402_C402.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryListComprehensionDict
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 35
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC403_C403.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC403_C403.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC404_C404.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertestsC404_C404.py.snap
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C405_C405.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C405_C405.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralSet: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C406_C406.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C406_C406.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 20
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 21
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralDict: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C408_C408.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C408_C408.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 11
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: dict
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCollectionCall: dict
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C409_C409.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C409_C409.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinTupleCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C410_C410.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C410_C410.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryLiteralWithinListCall: tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 6
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C411_C411.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C411_C411.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: UnnecessaryListCall
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 21
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C413_C413.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C413_C413.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCallAroundSorted: list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 16
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCallAroundSorted: reversed
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 20
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryCallAroundSorted: reversed
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 34
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C414_C414.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C414_C414.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - list
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - tuple
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - tuple
+  location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 16
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - set
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 6
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 6
+    column: 12
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 7
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 7
+    column: 13
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 8
+    column: 14
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - sorted
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 9
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 9
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - reversed
+      - set
+  location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 10
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - list
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 11
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 11
+    column: 16
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - tuple
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 12
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 12
+    column: 17
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - sorted
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 13
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 13
+    column: 18
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryDoubleCastOrProcess:
+      - reversed
+      - sorted
+  location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 20
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C415_C415.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C415_C415.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: set
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 19
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: reversed
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 24
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: sorted
+  location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 4
+    column: 22
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessarySubscriptReversal: sorted
+  location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 5
+    column: 36
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C416_C416.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__C416_C416.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryComprehension: list
+  location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 2
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+- kind:
+    UnnecessaryComprehension: set
+  location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 3
+    column: 15
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D100_D.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D100_D.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicModule
+  location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 1
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D101_D.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D101_D.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicClass
+  location:
+    row: 14
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 67
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D102_D.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D102_D.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 22
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 25
+    column: 5
+  fix: ~
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 51
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 54
+    column: 5
+  fix: ~
+- kind: PublicMethod
+  location:
+    row: 63
+    column: 5
+  end_location:
+    row: 67
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D103_D.py.snap
+++ b/src/snapshots/rufflintertests__D103_D.py.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+source: src/linter.rs
+expression: checks
+---
+- kind: PublicFunction
+  location:
+    row: 395
+    column: 1
+  end_location:
+    row: 396
+    column: 1
+  fix: ~
+
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Charlie Marsh	3e28d6de04	Bump version to 0.0.73	2022-10-14 10:18:42 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	9bbfd1d3b2	Implement docstring argument tracking for NumPy-style docstrings (#425 )	2022-10-14 10:18:07 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6fb82ab763	Use test_case for macro-driven check tests (#424 )	2022-10-13 18:51:01 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6b286e9bc1	Add --config as a command-line option (#422 )	2022-10-13 18:13:41 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	bcddd9e97f	Implement C413 (#421 )	2022-10-13 11:15:41 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	3e789136af	Implement C411 (#420 )	2022-10-13 09:48:27 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	07ef3b8754	Implement C416 (#415 )	2022-10-13 08:34:33 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	46e1b16472	Bump version to 0.0.72	2022-10-12 22:43:29 -04:00
fsouza	720bfe0161	Implement --fix with stdin (#405 )	2022-10-12 22:31:46 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2f69be0d41	Bump version to 0.0.71	2022-10-12 17:14:28 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	54cb2eb15b	Only run section checks when CheckCodes are enabled	2022-10-12 17:14:16 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	167992ad48	Implement D407, D408, D409, D412, and D414 (#413 )	2022-10-12 17:12:54 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	f0dab24079	Implement D405, D406, D410, D411, and D413 (#411 )	2022-10-12 16:31:14 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	77055faab6	Implement D404 and D418 for pydocstyle (#409 )	2022-10-12 13:20:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e08e1caf71	Bump version to 0.0.70	2022-10-12 12:59:14 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	0072dfd81e	Implement C414 (#406 )	2022-10-12 12:58:46 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6ffe02ee05	Pass around VisibleScope	2022-10-12 12:52:48 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	688fc0cd02	Implement docstring visibility checks (#408 )	2022-10-12 12:46:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	f30e5e45ab	Remove initial field	2022-10-12 11:07:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	1a68a38306	Enable definition tracking for docstrings (#407 )	2022-10-12 11:06:28 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	590aa92ead	Implement D201, D202, D203, D204, and D211 (#404 )	2022-10-11 21:08:30 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	8868f57a74	Implement D402 for pydocstyle (#403 )	2022-10-11 13:19:56 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71802f8861	Bump version to 0.0.69	2022-10-11 12:54:56 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	5b6fb8cefa	Skip docstring checks for empty docstrings (#402 )	2022-10-11 12:54:30 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2ff964107c	Add D212, D213, D300, D403, and D415 (#400 )	2022-10-11 12:48:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	141132d5be	Add fake setup.py (#399 )	2022-10-11 12:38:48 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	8ba872ece4	Support linting input from stdin (#387 )	2022-10-11 09:56:20 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	209dce2033	Fix missing backtick	2022-10-10 17:23:58 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	90d88dfb10	Make pyupgrade tally more precise	2022-10-10 17:18:20 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4730911b25	Bump version to 0.0.68	2022-10-10 16:50:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	4e9fb9907a	Implement D205, D209, and D210 (#398 )	2022-10-10 16:49:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b8dce8922d	Implement D200 (OneLinerDocstring) (#397 )	2022-10-10 16:07:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	30877127bc	Implement D400 (DocstringEndsInNonPeriod) (#396 )	2022-10-10 15:35:23 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	8b66bbdc9b	Regenerate rules table	2022-10-10 15:18:18 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71d3a84b14	Implement D410 (EmptyDocstring) (#395 )	2022-10-10 15:15:38 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	323a5c857c	Implement docstring tracking (#394 )	2022-10-10 15:15:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	42cec3f5a0	Regenerate rules table	2022-10-10 14:02:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	ee42413e10	Enable autofix for B014	2022-10-10 13:18:43 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	765db12b84	Remove check_ prefix from check utilities (#393 )	2022-10-10 12:58:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e1b711d9c6	Bump version to 0.0.67	2022-10-10 12:55:04 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	35f593846e	Implement B014 from flake8-bugbear (#392 )	2022-10-10 12:53:42 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	c384fa513b	Implement B025 from flake8-bugbear (#391 )	2022-10-10 12:18:31 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	022ff64d29	Implement B011 from flake8-bugbear (#390 )	2022-10-10 10:55:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	5a06fb28fd	Bump version to 0.0.66	2022-10-10 10:03:59 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	46750a3e17	Flag unimplemented error codes in M001 (#388 )	2022-10-10 10:03:40 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	9cc902b802	Avoid F821 false-positives with NameError (#386 )	2022-10-10 09:39:59 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	c2a36ebd1e	Implement C410 (#382 )	2022-10-09 23:33:55 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	34ca225393	Rename flakes8 to flake8	2022-10-09 23:02:44 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	38c30905e6	Implement C409 (#381 )	2022-10-09 22:34:52 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2774194b03	Bump version to 0.0.65	2022-10-09 22:14:04 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	71ebd39f35	Extend assertEquals check to all deprecated unittest aliases (#380 )	2022-10-09 22:13:51 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	a2f78ba2c7	Fix auto-fix for assertEquals rename	2022-10-09 22:11:32 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	b51a080a44	Rename SPR001 to U008 (#379 )	2022-10-09 21:58:22 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	6a1d7d8a1c	Defer string annotations even when futures annotations are enabled (#378 )	2022-10-09 18:28:29 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	10b250ee57	Bump version to 0.0.64	2022-10-09 17:38:09 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	30b1b1e15a	Treat TypeAlias values as annotations (#377 )	2022-10-09 17:37:19 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	aafe7c0c39	Mark aliased submodule imports as used (#374 )	2022-10-09 17:01:14 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	f060248656	Fix collapsed message (#372 )	2022-10-09 13:01:36 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	bbe0220c72	Implement C415 (#371 )	2022-10-09 10:12:58 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	129e2b6ad3	Bump version to 0.0.63	2022-10-08 22:51:49 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	73e744b1d0	Create unified Expr for PEP 604 rewrites (#370 )	2022-10-08 22:13:00 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	50a3fc5a67	Move some code into helpers.rs	2022-10-08 20:45:15 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	de499f0258	Optimize imports	2022-10-08 20:39:13 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	e1abe37c6a	Bump version to 0.0.62	2022-10-08 20:28:38 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	7fe5945541	Implement PEP 604 annotation rewrites (#369 )	2022-10-08 20:28:00 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	806f3fd4f6	Implement PEP 585 annotation rewrites (#368 )	2022-10-08 18:22:24 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	2bba643dd2	Use strum to facilitate simple enum serialization (#367 )	2022-10-08 17:47:25 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	54090bd7ac	Use strum to iterate over all check codes (#366 )	2022-10-08 17:41:47 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	c62727db42	Bump version to 0.0.61	2022-10-08 17:25:36 -04:00
Charlie Marsh	d0e1612507	Check newline ending on contents directly (#365 )	2022-10-08 17:25:22 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	5ccd907398	Implement C408 (#364 )	2022-10-08 17:17:34 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	346610c2e3	Implement C406 (#363 )	2022-10-08 11:15:41 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	307fa26515	Implement C405 (#362 )	2022-10-08 09:03:21 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	136d412edd	Add missing C400,C401, and C402 to `CheckCode.from_str` (#361 )	2022-10-08 09:02:03 -04:00
Harutaka Kawamura	d9edec0ac9	Implement C402 (#359 )	2022-10-07 22:57:04 -04:00
Chris Pryer	473675fffb	Add check for W292 (#339 )	2022-10-07 21:10:16 -04:00
Steven Maude	95dfc61315	Update GitHub Actions versions in README (#358 )	2022-10-07 20:24:00 -04:00